Year 2 Flashcards
Group of general rules adopted by a legal jurisdiction and made into law are called:
Codes
Documents prepared by a professional group indicating good engineering practices that are optional are called what?
Recommended practices
If a 3” pipe is reduced to 1 1/2” how will that affect the velocity of the fluid in the line?
Increase velocity by 4 times
The reversal of normal water flow due to negative pressure is called what?
Back-siphonage
What is the most effective method of cross-contamination prevention?
Use an air-gap
The transfer of energy in the form of waves or particles is referred to as what?
Radiation
Baseboard heaters warm a room using what heat transfer method?
Convection
An HTU that has a heating element and a cabinet is called what?
A convector
How is baseboard radiation rated?
BTU’s/Hr./FT
Unit heaters should be how high above the floor?
6 to 12 feet
Why are some air-handling units mounted on springs?
To isolate vibration
What type of glycol is considered food grade and non-toxic?
Propylene glycol
What is the primary purpose of a heating system?
Provide individual comfort
What would be the maximum length of serpentine heating circuit if the tube was 3/4 inch?
500 ft
What is the heat loss limitation on a series loop system?
60-70 MBH
What are two types of hot-water unit heaters?
Blow-through/Draw-through
What mechanism holds back steam but allows condensate and gases to pass through it?
Steam trap
Too much condensate in a steam line can cause what problem?
Water hammer
What type of steam trap is actuated by the differences in temperature between condensate and steam?
Thermostatic type
Which steam trap is recommended for a low pressure steam main?
F and T
When installed properly, a wire rope clip develops what percent of the wire rope strength?
80%
Sections of a cast-iron boiler are drawn together with what?
Tie rods
What allows water to travel between sections of a cast-iron boiler?
Push nipples/sealing rings
Does an aquastat sense changes of pressure or temperature?
Temperature
What mechanism prevents natural circulation on a hydronic heating system?
Flow control valves
What is a float operated device that vents air from a hydronic heating system?
Automatic air vent
What does a micro bubble reabsorber do?
Eliminates air from a hydronic system
What is a ‘lockshield’ valve used for?
Prevent unauthorized valve change
How are high temperature hydronic boilers rated?
MBH/BHP
What is the purpose of a ‘wild loop’ in a hydronic heating system?
Prevents pump deheading
The expansion and contraction of a piping system is controlled with what device(s)?
Expansion loop/Joint
What mechanism limits the amount of deflection in a piping system?
Pipe guide
A bare pipe resting on a support can be prevented from wear by installing what on the pipe?
Wear pad
What device will prevent insulation from being crushed when the pipe is suspended?
An insulation saddle
Large heating coils located in air handling units and used to heat or cool an occupied space are called what?
Blast coils
A snow melt system requires what component?
Heat exchanger (HEX)
Where is the fan located on a vertical unit heater?
Middle
What must be installed on a hydronic heating system because of different velocities?
Balancing cocks
What is the ideal radiant floor temperature?
29 degrees C/85 degrees F
What is one advantage of the reverse return heating system?
Easy to balance
How would one describe a 3-way mixing valve?
2 inlets - 1 outlet
What is a unit heater often used for in a hydronic heating system?
A wild loop
What can be done to prevent radiant tubes from collapsing when covering them with cement?
Put 30# test pressure in line
How does increased pressure of a fluid affect the boiling point?
Increases boiling point
What causes water hardness?
Dissolved minerals
What causes temporary hardness of water?
Bicarbonates of sodium and magnesium
The gases in rainwater make the PH above or below 7?
Below 7
Where is coagulant added to boiler feedwater to produce “floc”?
In the clarifier
The bringing together of various lifting devices to raise or lower a workpiece is called what?
Rigging
What section of the ASME code covers unfired pressure vessels?
Section VIII
How many imperial gallons are contained in one cubic foot?
6.24 gallons
What is one advantage of the ‘gun pakt’ expansion joint?
Can be repacked under pressure
What are the most common coagulants in water treatment?
Aluminum sulfate/Aluminum hydroxide
How is the strongest fiberglass pipe constructed?
It is filament wound
A column of water 1 foot high exerts what pressure at the base?
.433 PSI
When working with fiberglass what should never be added to a catalyst?
A promoter
What safety equipment should one always wear when working with MEKP?
Monogoggles
When using the hand lay-up method of joining FRP pipe which strip should be applied first?
The narrow strip
If one doubles the amount of catalyst added to the FRP resin how does that affect gel time?
Reduces it by one half
Stainless steel is an alloy made of what metals?
Nickel/Chromium/Iron
What is the primary element that gives stainless steel its corrosion resistance?
Chromium
With reference to hydronic heating what does the acronym ODT represent?
Outdoor Design Temperature
How could one improve heat transfer between steam tracing and the process line?
Use heat-conducting paste
What is the easiest way to trace small bore vertical pipe?
Spiral the tracing around the pipe
What information is needed to draw a pipe flange to scale?
Actual OD/Bolt circle diameter/Bolt hole diameter
At what pipe size do we begin sizing by using the pipe outside diameter?
14”
What is the formula for calculating the cut-back on a mitered elbow?
Cut back = pipe OD x Cut angle factor / 2
What can be used to extend straight lines along the length of a pipe?
An angle iron
How can hi-low be removed from large diameter pipe when welding 2 pieces together?
Use pipe dogs
What can be used as a brake to help control the position of a load floating on an air cushion?
A snubbed line or a tirfor
What principle states that “a body, immersed in fluid, loses as much weight as the weight of the fluid is displaces”?
Archimedes principle
What is the PH of neutral water?
7
What is the buoyant force on a 5ft^3 box immersed in water?
312 IB
Is a fire tube boiler considered a high or low mass boiler?
High mass
What color are PTFE gaskets?
White
What is the name of a pipe support welded directly to the piping that offers vertical or horizontal support?
Dummy leg
The second law of thermal dynamics states what?
Heat travels from warm to cold
The acronym NPS refers to what?
Nominal pipe sizing
Why would one install a valve on a pipe strainer?
To blow down the strainer
What post weld treatment is required on nickel alloys to maintain corrosion resistance?
Passivating
Can anyone erect ‘tube and clamp’ scaffold?
Qualified personel
What is the maximum length of a scaffold ladder?
6.4 meters/21 feet
What is used on scaffolds to prevent materials from falling on other workers?
Toe boards
A fabricated portion of a section of piping including all fittings and flanges is referred to as:
Pipe spool
The majority of all spools drawings are drawn how?
Isometrically
If you wanted to see how a piping system would look like from the top what view would you reference?
Plot/plan view
Which boilers are rated in BTU or EDR?
Low pressure steam boilers/LTHW boilers
Where is a boilers net rating taken from?
The first heat transfer unit
An HRT boiler is classified as what type of boiler?
Firebox
The procedure of unplugging clogged blowdown lines on a boiler is termed what?
Rodding
What is the most common cause of foaming in a boiler?
Dirty boiler water
How often should a safety valve on a LP steam heating boiler be tested?
Annually
What is the function of sand in raw water treatment?
Remove turbidity
What piping material is used to transport dry chlorine gas?
Carbon steel
A sodium ion exchange water softener contains what?
Zeolite beads
What causes a flow control valve to open?
Fluid velocity
What is the greatest advantage of hydronic heating systems over any other system?
Multiple zoning
What part of a hotwater circulator transfers energy to the water?
The impeller
A hydraulic jack with a separate pump that allows for different RAM sizes is called what?
Porta pump
What is a rule of thumb for calculating the weight of steel pipe?
1’x1’x1” thick steel weighs approx. 40lb
The ability of a material to withstand 2 equal forces acting in opposite directions is referred to as:
Shear strength
Shoulder type eyebolts should be used with angular pulls greater than what degree?
45”
Can PVC pipe be fusion welded?
Yes
Can PE pipe be solvent welded?
No
What is the simplest way of making fiberglass pipe and fitting?
Hand layup or contact mould method
What is the name of strands formed by spinning a quantity of glass fibres together?
Rovings
How much force is required to properly torque a lock collar?
Fingertight
The ability of a material to resist forces acting to pull or push the material apart is referred to as:
Tensile strength
What type of copper is used for heat tracing?
Type K and L
How can you tell if a chain is suitable for construction lifting?
Each link is stamped with a letter or number
What is the main contaminant found in surface water?
Suspended solids
A minimum of how many rollers should be used for moving skid mounted?
three
Why is ‘special purpose piping’ needed?
Corrosion prevention
Why does the oil and gas industry prefer plastic piping?
Because of possible wax buildup in metal lines
Elastomer pipe liners are made from what natural materials?
Rubber
What material is the least expensive pipe liner?
Polypropylene
Can lined pipe be welded?
Yes provided the lining is not compromised
What is another name for ‘catalysts’ used in the fibreglassing process?
Hardeners
What is the most exotic and expensive piping material used today?
Titanium
The process of forming an oxide layer on stainless steel is called what?
Passivating
Should stainless steel piping be stress-relieved?
No
What type of valve is mounted between flanges and is held in place by flange bolts?
The wafer type
The control system on a heating boiler should be how many volts?
24 volts
Rainwater must be treated for what impurities?
oxygen/carbon dioxide
What is another name for microfiltration?
reverse osmosis
What hazards might a fitter encounter when working on a demineralizer?
Caustic and acid
What is used to regenerate sodium zeolite water softeners?
brine
How do free standing steam radiators transfer heat into a room?
using convective currents and radiation
What is the term for cold air entering your house through cracks?
infiltration heat loss
The most used synthetic rope in industry
polypropylene
What is the strongest synthetic rope?
nylon
Why is hemp rope not used in industry?
may rot under wet conditions
The centre of a wire rope is called what?
core
A worker must wear a harness when over how many metres above the floor?
3 metres
A rope is attached to a post or ring using what?
hitch
Why is silicon added to cast iron?
corrosion resistance
Name one advantage of using glass pipe
corrosion resistance
How often is a glass piping system supported?
at every joint
Kimax is what type of pipe?
glass
What chemical corrodes glass pipe?
hydrofluoric acid
Low temperature heating boilers are covered under what section of ASME?
Section IV
List one advantage of the two pipe reverse return heating system
equal heat distribution
Should a HW circulator pump into or away from a cushion tank?
Pump away from
List one advantage of a cast-iron boiler
it is expandable
The PRV in residential hydronic system is set at what pressure?
15 PSI
What is the most popular plastic pipe for hydronic heating?
PEX
What is the name of special tees used in a one pipe heating system?
Monoflow tees
What type of pumps are used in hydronic heating?
Centrifical
A gauge that indicates temperature pressure and feet of head
combination gauge
Hotwater EDR is equal to how many BTU’s/HR?
150 BTU’s/hr
On a hydronic heating system what might be the cause of a weeping relief valve?
Waterlogged compression tank
The balancing valves on a hydronic system are usually:
Globe valves
What is the preferred way of attaching a tag line?
clove hitch
What type of copper tubing is approved for hydronic heating?
Type K, L, and M
What is the term for helical twists that are put into strands of wirerope?
Preforming
