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DT GCSE > Year 10, Test 1 > Flashcards

Year 10, Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How much plastic is produced each year?

A

Approximately 300 million tonnes

This figure highlights the global scale of plastic production.

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2
Q

What is a key characteristic of plastic production?

A

Relatively inexpensive to produce

This affordability contributes to widespread use in various industries.

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3
Q

What is a notable property of plastic?

A

Very versatile

Plastic can be molded into different shapes and used in a variety of applications.

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4
Q

What are polymers mostly made of?

A

Mostly synthetic materials

Polymers are large molecules made up of repeating structural units.

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5
Q

From what resources are most synthetic polymers derived?

A

Finite resources such as coal, natural gases, and crude oil

These resources are non-renewable and contribute to environmental concerns.

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6
Q

What is an alternative to synthetic polymers?

A

More renewable and sustainable materials

These alternatives aim to reduce dependency on finite resources.

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7
Q

What is a key characteristic of thermoplastics?

A

Can be repeatedly heated and remoulded

Thermoplastics can be reshaped multiple times without significant degradation.

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8
Q

What is a disadvantage of thermoplastics?

A

Not suitable for use in areas of heat or UV sensitivity

This limits their application in certain environments.

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9
Q

What is one advantage of thermoplastics regarding their surface?

A

Good surface finish

This makes them aesthetically pleasing for various applications.

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10
Q

Can thermoplastics be recycled?

A

Yes

Recycling thermoplastics helps reduce waste and environmental impact.

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11
Q

What phenomenon occurs when thermoplastics are reheated?

A

Plastic memory

This means they attempt to return to their original shape when reheated.

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12
Q

What is melamine formaldehyde known for?

A

Good insulation and heat resistance

It is a type of thermoset plastic.

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13
Q

What are the key properties of urea formaldehyde?

A

High electrical insulation, good heat resistance

Urea formaldehyde is another type of thermoset.

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14
Q

What is polyester resin primarily used for?

A

Bonding agent in glass and reinforced plastics

It is a versatile thermoset plastic.

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15
Q

What is a key advantage of thermosets?

A

Able to withstand high temperatures

This makes them suitable for demanding applications.

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16
Q

What happens to thermosets when they are solid?

A

Waterproof

This property enhances their utility in various environments.

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17
Q

What is one of the properties of thermosets regarding electrical insulation?

A

Good electrical insulator

This makes thermosets useful in electrical applications.

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18
Q

Can thermosets be remoulded?

A

No

Once set, thermosets cannot be reshaped.

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19
Q

What is extrusion in plastic manufacturing?

A

Creating objects with a cross-section profile

This process is used for making continuous shapes.

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20
Q

What does injection moulding involve?

A

Injecting heated plastic into a mould

This allows for the production of complex shapes.

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21
Q

What is vacuum forming?

A

Sheet of softened plastic forced onto a mould

This technique is often used for creating packaging and containers.

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22
Q

What are ferrous metals?

A

Metals that can rust and contain iron

Ferrous metals are prone to corrosion when exposed to moisture.

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23
Q

What is rust?

A

A compound called iron oxide formed when iron and oxygen react in the presence of moisture or organic water

Rusting is a common issue with ferrous metals.

24
Q

What is a key property of ferrous metals?

A

They are magnetic

This magnetic property is due to the presence of iron.

25
Q

What protects ferrous metals from rusting?

A

Zinc coating

Zinc acts as a sacrificial anode to prevent rust.

26
Q

What are non-ferrous metals?

A

Metals that do not contain iron

Non-ferrous metals are less prone to rust.

27
Q

How do non-ferrous metals compare in cost to ferrous metals?

A

More expensive

Non-ferrous metals typically have higher material costs.

28
Q

What are some properties of non-ferrous metals?

A
  • Lightweight
  • Conductive
  • Ductile
  • Malleable

These properties make non-ferrous metals suitable for various applications.

29
Q

What is the process of extracting iron from iron ore called?

A

Smelting

Smelting involves using a blast furnace to extract iron.

30
Q

What temperature can a blast furnace reach during the smelting process?

A

1,700°C

This high temperature is necessary for melting iron.

31
Q

At what temperature does iron melt?

A

1538°C

Iron liquefies and sinks to the bottom of the furnace when it reaches this temperature.

32
Q

What is the term used for molten iron that has been extracted from the blast furnace?

A

Pig iron

Pig iron is the initial product of smelting iron ore.

33
Q

What is a characteristic of pig iron?

A

Very high carbon content

This high carbon content makes pig iron brittle.

34
Q

What is done to pig iron to produce steel?

A

Some carbon and impurities are removed

This process is essential for producing steel from pig iron.

35
Q

What is the main source of aluminum?

A

Bauxite ore

Bauxite is the primary ore used for aluminum extraction.

36
Q

What is a ferrous metal?

A

A metal that contains iron and will rust

Ferrous metals are magnetic and include steel.

37
Q

Name a key characteristic of ferrous metals.

A

They will rust

Rusting occurs due to the oxidation of iron.

38
Q

What is the primary element in ferrous metals?

A

Iron

Iron is the main component of ferrous metals.

39
Q

What type of carbon content is associated with mild steel?

A

Low carbon content

Mild steel typically contains about 0.05% to 0.25% carbon.

40
Q

What are non-ferrous metals?

A

Metals that do not contain iron

Non-ferrous metals are resistant to rust.

41
Q

List three examples of non-ferrous metals.

A
  • Aluminium
  • Copper
  • Gold

Other examples include silver, platinum, palladium, and titanium.

42
Q

What is an alloy?

A

A mixture of two or more metals

Alloys have different properties than their component metals.

43
Q

Name two examples of alloys.

A
  • Brass
  • Stainless steel

Alloys are created to enhance properties such as strength and corrosion resistance.

44
Q

True or False: Non-ferrous metals will rust.

A

False

Non-ferrous metals do not contain iron, making them resistant to rust.

45
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is a common non-ferrous metal used in electrical wiring.

A

Copper

Copper is highly conductive and widely used in electrical applications.

46
Q

What is newly cut wood called?

A

Green timber

Green timber contains about 50% water.

47
Q

What percentage of water does green timber contain?

A

50%

This high moisture content makes it harder to work with.

48
Q

Is green timber harder or easier to work with compared to seasoned wood?

A

Harder to work with

The high moisture content contributes to this difficulty.

49
Q

What is the recommended moisture content for exterior use of green timber?

A

20%

This level of moisture is generally acceptable for outdoor applications.

50
Q

What is the recommended moisture content for interior use of green timber?

A

Under 10%

Lower moisture is preferred for indoor applications to prevent issues such as warping.

51
Q

What is newly cut wood called?

A

Green timber

Green timber contains about 50% water.

52
Q

What percentage of water does green timber contain?

A

50%

This high moisture content makes it harder to work with.

53
Q

Is green timber harder or easier to work with compared to seasoned wood?

A

Harder to work with

The high moisture content contributes to this difficulty.

54
Q

What is the recommended moisture content for exterior use of green timber?

A

20%

This level of moisture is generally acceptable for outdoor applications.

55
Q

What is the recommended moisture content for interior use of green timber?

A

Under 10%

Lower moisture is preferred for indoor applications to prevent issues such as warping.

DT GCSE (2 decks)

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