Year 10 JSS Exam Flashcards
How does a Cyclone Gabrielle form?
- Warm coral sea temperatures of 30C
- Abundant moisture
- Light winds higher up in the atmosphere
Process of cyclone formation
- Warm air from the ocean rises into the sky leaving a gap for strong winds to rush into.
- The rising air brings moisture with it; this cools and condenses to form towering storm clouds or the eye wall.
- When the cool air descends it forms an area of calm (the eye)
- Spin of the earth leads the storm to spin.
What is a disaster?
Disaster is a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage, loss, or destruction.
Vulnerability
How much people or places can get affected by an event.
Processes
A sequence of actions that shape/change environments, people, and societies.
When did Cyclone Gabrielle start?
11 February 2023
How many people injured in CG?
2000
How many displaced CG
10,000
How many killed? CG
11
How many houses red stickered?
469
When did T/S earthquake occur?
6th of Feb 2023
What was the magnitude of the EQ?
7.8 magnitude
How many died in TS?
Turkey - 48,448
Syria - 5,954
How many people injured in CG
2000
How many houses yellow stcikered?
2500
How much did Cyclone Gabrielle cost?
14.5 billion
NZDF Response:
Food -
Water-
Fuel -
Supplies in tonnes -
Km driven in response -
New Zealand Defense Force
66,000 meals provided
9500 L of water provided
100,000 L of fuel delivered
739 tonnes in supplies
350,000 km driven in response.
Earthquake
The sudden shaking of the earth caused by movement of molten rock.
Strike slip
When the tectonic plate slips
Maginitude
The intensity of an earthquake
Ritcher scale
The measure of the magnitude of an earthquake.
World Vision
In the first 100 days, they helped 603,300 people with fuel, cash assistance, health/hygiene kits, and food supplies.
12,753 ready to eat meals , 2004 houses had cash distributed, 2050 hygiene kits provided.
How many displaced in T/S
3.3 million displaced and 2.5 million homless
How many buildings destroyed? TS
270,000 buildings destroyed
How much did TS Earthquake cost?
$84 billion, 10% of Turkey’s GDP
How is an earthquake formed?`
- The rocks beneath the earths surface have a weak point in them called a fault line.
- Movements in the molten cause the rocks to deform
- When the strength exceeds, a strike slips occurs causing the rock to fracture along the fault line.
Environmental Impacts TS
Coastal cities such as Iskenderun experienced subsidence of 200m.
Asbestos, mercury and silica released into the air after buildings collapsed.
Between what plates did TS occur, how long was pressure accumulated for?
24 years of pressure on the Anatolian Plate from the African and Arabian Plate.
How shallow was the EQ?
11 m
Local Response TS
Mahmoud Othman, rescued family from rubble
How long was the Rapid response for TS
Till 25th of February.
Children effects in TS
2.5 million children exposed to child labour, marriage, and poverty.
Racism
The belief that another race is inferior to yours, leading to prejudice, discrimination, and ill-treatment of people of that race
Extremism
Activities far removed from the ordinary, usually linked with negative actions or violence.
Activism
Vigorous campaigning to bring about social and/or political change
Humanitarianism
The mindset of being concerned with the welfare of others and striving to improve the living conditions and lives of those less fortunate, like those living in poverty.
Social action
An action to try and effect change to adress a social issue.
Poverty
The state of lacking financial essentials and resources for certain standards of living.
Families provided with food in 2023
230,000
Rate of decline for poverty affected individuals
26 years old
Children living in households of material hardships
1 in 8
Poverty related health cases reported every year
40,000
ADHD, Depression, and Anxiety is
3x more likely in poverty households.,
Poverty Cycle
- Born into poverty households
- Limited food, resources, access to health care
- Child misses out on learning opportunities and more due to health or lack of resources.
- Long term implications from heath and
Poverty Social Action
Lisa King handed out lunches to 1.3 million children in need at low decile school over the past 4 years.
She has 18,000 volunteers partcipating
UDHR
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Duration of NZ Wars
1845-1872
The duration of Northern war
March 1845 to Jan 1846
The duration of Waikato Wars
1863- 1864
What happened during NZ wars
700 british troops killed, 500-2000 causualities on kinigtanga
80 - 40 %
Loss of Maori land between 1860-1890
Duration of WW1
1914-1918
Causes of NZ wars
Crown was exceeding its area in authority and there were errors on the treaty of waitangi
Treaty of waitangi
6th of Feb 1840
Introduction Essay
2 Social actions
Social action definition
Holocaust
Which is more effective
PEEL 2
P - Another social action that took place during the Holocaust was Nicholas Winton’s aim to rescue children from the Nazi threat.
E - In 1938, Nicholas Winton visited Prague and witnessed the dire situation of Jewish families. He quickly organised a rescue operation called the “Kindertransport” in order to save as many children as he could. Between March and September 1939, he arranged for 8 train transport, successfully saving 669 children from concentration camps and certain death. These children were relocated to homes in Britain where they were given a second chance at life. It was not until 1988 that his social action was discovered by his wife when she found his scrapbook. When asked about why his social action was a secret for so many years, Winton states the topic simply “never came up.” Statistics show that Winton’s rescue efforts are credited with saving nearly 10% of all Jewish children who escaped Czechoslovakia during this period.
L - Nicholas Winton’s social action was extremely effective as it saved children from the Nazi party and concentration camps.
PEEL 1
P - The Yolocaust was a social action that took place in order to raise awareness and address the disrespectful behaviour going on at Holocaust Memorial sites.
E - Shahak Shapira, an Israeli German artist noticed a disturbing trend where people took selfies and posed inappropriately at the Berlin Holocaust Memorial site, a place to honour the 6 million jews murdered during the Holocaust. To confront this issue Shapira launched his social action project, “Yolocaust” in 2017 which combined these insensitive selfies with graphic images of Holocaust victims. In the first week of its launch, the website reached 2.5 million visits. The 12 individuals who had posted the insensitive images saw Shapira’s project and most immediately understood the seriousness of their actions. Some removed their photos off the various social media apps such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter and provided a sincere apology to Shapria and any other people they had hurt. Surveys and discussions showed that 70% of people who saw the campaign felt it effectively highlighted the importance of respectful behaviour at historical sites.
L - Shahak Shapira’s social action The Yolocaust, effectively informed many on how to preserve the dignity of Holocaust victims and educated younger generations.
PEEL 3
Although both social actions were successful, Nicholas Winton’s social action was more effective. Shapira had an impactful change in the current modern world with his creative approach that reached millions of people within 10 days. He raised awareness as 12,000 people shared the project on social media platforms and even caught the attention of news stations like the BBC. However, Nicholas Winton’s social action directly saved the hundreds of children from genocide. His operation, Kidertransport, required substantial risk, meticulous planning, and quick action making a direct, life altering effect on the children he rescued. Today, the estimated number of descendants of children Winton saved is over 6,000 showcasing truly how effective Winton’s social action was. 95% of the children said it was certain they would not have survived if it was not for Nicholas Winton. While Shapira’s social action was impactful by raising awareness, Nicholas Winton’s social action was more effective as it directly saved the lives of hundreds.
Conclusion
Out of the two social actions surrounding the Holocaust, Nicholas Winton’s action was considerably more effective than Shahak Shapira’s Yolocaust project.
Shahak raised awareness through his creative digital website on how people must show respect at Holocaust Memorial sites.
Nicholas Winton rescued helpless children from the dire situation they were in by thinking selflessly and taking substantial risks.
While both social actions were considerable, impactful, and important, it is clear that Nicholas Winton’s social action was the most effective and will be remembered forever in history.
