Year 10 Exam: Area of Study 1 Flashcards
What is qualitative data?
collected data that is harder to measure because it is based on subjective data collection techniques such as interviews, video footage, observation
What is quantitative data?
data that is measurable and specific and therefore easier to chart or graph.
Quantitive data gathering is based on verifying theory through the use of statistics and largely numerical data
What are sources of primary data?
Primary data usually comes from stakeholders in a particular issue.
Questioning them or their survey opinions can provide more in depth data than info from secondary sources
How can you acquire primary data?
surveys and questionnaires, or interviews and observation.
electronic methods: using sensors, satellites and online resources.
What is a questionnaire?
a set of questions that ask for a response to be selected from a list of alternatives, such as A, B, C, D- or a range, either 1 - 5 or very low to very high.
What are focus groups?
the meeting of a small group of individuals who are guided through a discussion by a researcher.
What is the purpose of an interview.
To elicit the opinions and belief of people to gather data.
List and explain factors that can affect the quality of data?
Bias and reliability: Bias can creep into data, making it unreliable.
Accuracy: Data that is entered into a computer must be accurate to avoid transcription.
Relevance: To produce usable information data must be relevant and. It outdated.
What are the different types of bias.
namely
vested interest
timing
small sample size
bias through sorting
bias through graphic representations
What are techniques used for authorising the collection and use of data and information?
Use of consent forms. Informed and voluntary consent by all research participants is necessary.
Use of participation information statements. This provides participants with information about the research and also provides the scope to answer the questions participants may have, before giving them the option to sign the consent form.
What are techniques for protecting the privacy of the providers of data and information?
De-identify the data by removing personal identifiers such as names and birthdays
What are some physical and software controls used to protect the security of stored data?
You can: Encrypt the data
Make Backups
Make Usernames and passwords
Use Firewalls
Use Malware protection
How many APPs are there and what is their main goal
The APPs were devised to set out the standards and obligations for collecting, handling, holding, accessing, using, disclosing and correcting personal information. There are 13
What are ethics?
Ethics are the moral guidelines that govern the use of data. Ethics often provide us with a set of guidelines of appropriate behaviour.
List an ethical framework that will provide support and guidance in making a decision when presented with an ethical dilemma.
Identify the problem Identify the stakeholders Identify possible alternatives Identify ethical standards Evaluate options Make a decision
List some types of graphic solutions suitable for educating, persuading and informing audiences.
Charts, diagrams, images, hierarchies and infographics.
What are some design tools used for representing the functionality and appearance of graphic solutions?
Input-process-output charts (functionality)
Annotated diagrams/mock ups (appearance)
List formats and conventions suitable for graphic solutions.
Titles text styles shapes lines and arrows sources of data and legend colours contrasts
Explain some software functions and techniques for efficiently and effectively manipulating data to develop graphic solutions, and for validating data.
To transform the data into information you can use applications such as Microsoft Excell.
To make sense of this information you can use piktochart to create graphical representations and infographics.
List some techniques for testing graphic solutions.
Testing if the information matches between the data and graphical representation, and conveys what you want it to convey.
Distinguish between open ended and closed questions
Open ended questions do not limit the answers that can be given by the respondent
Closed questions are designed to elicit short, straightforward answers e.g. Yes or no
Q
Libraries
Bookshops
Organisations
What are some methods of acquiring secondary data?
Books, websites, television, radio, apps, newspapers and reports
What are some techniques used to acquire secondary sources?
Downloading, screen capturing, listening, podcasting, note-taking, photocopying or recording and making mental notes
What is one way you can reference secondary sources of data?
The Harvard referencing style
What are factors that can affect the integrity of data?
Correctness
Reliability
Accuracy
What is encryption?
the process of translating data into secret code.
What are backups?
copying files from an information system to a storage device to guard against possible data loss
What is a firewall?
a server and software combination that fi,gets the information come through an internet connection into an organisation’s internal network.
