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Chemistry 🧪 > Year 10 Chemistry - 2024 > Flashcards

Year 10 Chemistry - 2024 Flashcards

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1
Q

Difference between element and compound

A

Element consists of one type of atom
Compound consists of two

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2
Q

Word equation for burning elements in air

A

Element + oxygen ➡️ element oxide

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3
Q

Magnesium burning in air observation

A

Grey solid, bright white light, forms white ash

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4
Q

Iron burning in air observation

Air your

A

Grey solid, orange sparks, forms black solid

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5
Q

Sulfur burning in air observation

Smelly sulphur
(YBP)

A

Yellow solid, blue flame, pungent colourless gas forms

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6
Q

What’s an aLLoy

A

A mixture of two elements

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7
Q

Sulfur burning in air equation

A

Sulfur + oxygen ➡️ Sulfur oxide

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8
Q

Reacting metals with steam equation

A

Metal + steam ➡️ metal oxide + hydrogen

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9
Q

Reacting metals in acid equation

A

Metal + acid ➡️ salt + hydrogen

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10
Q

Magnesium in acid observation
(5)

A

Bubbles of gas
Grey solid disappeared
Fast
Forms colourless solution
Warm test tube

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11
Q

Zinc in acid observation

BTS
(Bubbles of ..)

A

Bubbles of gas, slow, warm test tube

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12
Q

Copper/aluminium in acid observation

A

Nothing

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13
Q

Iron in acid observation

In acid Ironman is BS

A

Bubbles of gas, slow

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14
Q

What are the 3 sub-atomic particles that makeup an atom

A

Proton, neutron, electron

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15
Q

Mass/ maths of each sub atomic particle

A

Proton - 1
Neutron - 1
Electron - 1/1840

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16
Q

Charge of each sub atomic particle

A

Proton = 1
Neutron = 0
Electron = -1

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17
Q

Why does an atom not have any electric charge?

A

Because there’s always the same number of electrons as protons

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18
Q

Word equation for metals in cold water

(+)

A

Metal + cold water ➡️ metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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19
Q

Observation for sodium in cold water

F M MOS RG D

A

Floats,
melts,
moves on surface,
releases gas,
disappears

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20
Q

Potassium in cold water observation

Lick Freya’s balls

A

Lilac flame, floats on surface, forms silver ball

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21
Q

Calcium in cold water observation

(solpadine - daddy’s headache tablets)

A

Sinks then rises,
Fizzes,
Burns with a pop,
Forms milky solution

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22
Q

Define atoms

A

Smallest part of element which can exist

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23
Q

Define eLements

A

Substance that consists of one type of atom - can’t be broken down

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24
Q

Define molecules
(2+)

A

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together

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25
Q

Define cOmpOund
(SubstancE)

A

Substance that consists of two or more different elements

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26
Q

5 properties of metals

A

Shiny
Good conductor of heat
Good conductor of electricity
Ductile
Malleable

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27
Q

5 properties of non-metals

A

Dull
Poor conductor of heat
Poor conductor of electricity
Brittle
Low melting point

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28
Q

Definition of ductile

A

Can be drawn into wires

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29
Q

Definition of malleable

A

Can be hammered into shape

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30
Q

Definition of sonorous

A

Rings when struck

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31
Q

Difference between an element and compound

A

Elements consist of one type of atoms
Compounds consist of two+ elements

32
Q

Burning sulfur in air word equation
(Die)

A

Sulfur + oxygen —> sulfur dioxide

33
Q

Sulfur burning in air observation

A

Yellow solid
Blue flame
Colourless pungent has forms

34
Q

Burning magnesium in air equation

A

Magnesium + oxygen –> magnesium oxide

35
Q

Burning magnesium in air observation

A

Grey solid
Bright white light
White ash

36
Q

Burning iron wool in air equation

A

Iron + oxygen –> iron oxide

37
Q

Burning iron in air observation

A

Grey solid
Orange sparks
Forms black solid

38
Q

dEfinition of an aLLoy
(Mix)

A

Mixture of two or more elements

39
Q

Two examples of an alloy

A

Brass
Stainless steel

40
Q

What is the composition of air (what gases make up the air)

(No One Can Nail Water)

A

Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Noble gases
Water vapour

41
Q

What is the % of each gas is in the air

A

Nitrogen - 78%
Oxygen - 21%
Carbon dioxide - 0.03%
Noble gases - less than 1%
Water vapour - varies

42
Q

Physical properties of nitrogen

(Caroline Always Ignores Combustion)
(water)

A

Colourless, odourless, tasteless gas
Same density as air
Insoluble in water
Doesn’t burn or support combustion

43
Q

meaning of group and period

A

group - vertical column on periodic table
period - horizontal row on periodic table

44
Q

atomic size
(across periods the atomic size increases or decreases)

A

across periods atomic size decreases
down groups atoms increases

45
Q

what is group I metals called
(group 1)

A

alkali metals

46
Q

what are group VII metals called
(7)

A

the halogens

47
Q

what is group 0 called

A

noble gases

48
Q

what is the trend in group I
(1)

A

they all have 1 electron in their outer shell

49
Q

what’s the trend in group VII (7)

A

they all have seven electrons in their outer shell

50
Q

what’s the trend in group 0

A

they don’t react because they have a full outer shell

51
Q

the name of the block of metals between group 2-3

A

transition metals block

52
Q

two properties of transition metals

A

malleable
good conductors if heat/electricity

53
Q

endothermic meaning

A

a reaction which takes IN heat from ur surroundings - the temp DECREASES

54
Q

endothermic example

A

melting ice

55
Q

exothermic meaning

A

reaction which gives OUT heat to its surroundings - temp increases

56
Q

example of exothermic

A

burning candle

57
Q

what is the composition of air and their percentages
(no one can nail water)

A

nitrogen - 78%
oxygen - 21%
carbon dioxide - 0.03%
noble gases - less than 1%
water vapour - varies

58
Q

physical properties of oxygen
(colourless…)

A

slightly soluble in water
supports combustion
colourless, odourless and tasteless
same density as air

59
Q

word equation for hydrogen peroxide decomposing

A

hydrogen peroxide –> water + oxygen

60
Q

what’s a catalyst

A

used in preparation of oxygen as it speeds up decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

61
Q

what is the test for oxygen

A

relighting a glowing splint

62
Q

physical properties of nitrogen

Come Over Taylor
Dip
Ian’s water
Cucumber

A

colourless, odourless, tasteless gas
same density as air
insoluble in water
doesn’t burn or support combustion

63
Q

uses of nitrogen

A

food packaging
coolant

64
Q

uses of oxygen

A

medicine - respiratory illness
welding - gives high temps
rocket engines

65
Q

properties of noble gases

A

colourless, odourless, tasteless
all very unreactive
can’t be made in laboratory

66
Q

uses of noble gases
He Never Argues

A

helium
-low density
-used in balloons to make float

argon
-used in lightbulbs
-won’t react with metal filament

neon
-lights neon lights for advertising

67
Q

physical properties of carbon dioxide
(colourless
Density
solubility in water
support or doesn’t support combustion)

A

colourless, odourless
more dense than air
slightly soluble in water
doesn’t support combustion

68
Q

laboratory preparation of carbon dioxide word equation

(cc + ha –> cc + h2o +cd)

A

calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid –> calcium chloride + h20 + carbon dioxide

cc + ha –> cc + h2o + cd

69
Q

test for carbon dioxide

A

limewater turns milky

70
Q

uses of carbon dioxide

A

fire extinguisher- doesn’t support combustion
carbonated drinks - produces the fizz
dry ice

71
Q

(long question)
What is the laboratory preparation of oxygen method
(5)

A
  • pour hydrogen peroxide into conical flask
  • add potassium iodine
  • trap gas with your thumb
  • light and blow out splint
  • place splint into conical flask
72
Q

method for creating/preparing carbon dioxide

A
  • add acid to test tube
  • add calcium carbonate and immediately place bung in test tube
  • note observation
73
Q

word equation for preparation of hydrogen

A

hydrochloric acid + magnesium –> magnesium chloride + hydrogen

74
Q

test for hydrogen

A

lit splint burns with a pop

75
Q

what happens in a more reactive metal meets a less reactive metal in a compound

A

the more reactive metal will displace the less reactive metal from its compound

76
Q

define lustrous

A

shiny

Chemistry 🧪 (4 decks)

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