year 10 biology

Question 1

where is the DNA found in the cell?

Answer 1

The nucleus holds the genetic information (DNA)

Question 2

How is DNA organised in the nucleus?

Answer 2

its organised into units called genes

Question 3

what is a gene?

Answer 3

a segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein eg. eye colour

Question 4

how many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 4

two pairs of twenty-three

Question 5

what does diploid mean?

Answer 5

paired set of chromosomes in somatic cells

Question 6

what is a somatic cell?

Answer 6

cells of the body except sex cells

Question 7

what are gametes?

Answer 7

reproduction or sex cells

Question 8

what does haploid mean?

Answer 8

the possession of one copy of each chromosome in a cell

Question 9

what sex chromosomes do a female and male have?

Answer 9

xx- female
xy-male

Question 10

what is autosome?

Answer 10

any chromosome not involved in sex determination

Question 11

what is a sex chromosome??

Answer 11

the chromosomes that determine an individual’s sex

Question 12

what are the components of a nucleotide?

Question 13

what components form the dna backbone?

Question 14

what are the four types of nitrogenous bases?

Question 15

what is an allele?

Answer 15

a different version/form of a gene

Question 16

what is the difference between a gene and an allele?

Answer 16

gene specifies trait allele specifies form gene takes.

Question 17

what are dominant alleles?

Answer 17

will always be expressed when they’re present.

Question 18

what are recessive alleles?

Answer 18

expressed only when there are two

Question 19

what is a genotype?

Answer 19

the alleles that a person has - BB

Question 20

what does homozygous mean?

Answer 20

the same