year 10 bioligy Flashcards
how many chromosomes do we get from each parent?
26
where is dna found?
In the nucleas
What are the four nitrogenouse bases?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, guanine
What makes a Nucliotide?
Phosphate, pentose sugar and Nitrogenouse base
How are nitrogenouse base connected together?
They are joined together by complementary base pairing, where each base will bond with a specific base
What are the rules of nitrogenouse paired bases?
A-T
C-G
How is the imformation organised?
DNA to / to chromosome
Why are everybody different?
Becuase genetics are based of probabilitie of your parents
what is a genotype?
The alleles that people have
what is a phenotype?
The trait that is seen on a person
what is a autosome?
any chromosome not involved in sex determination
what is a allele?
two versions of a gene
what are the importance of protien?
It gives us our traits
what are dominant alleles?
They will always be expressed as a uppercase letter
what is a gene?
Segments of our DNA that code for a specific cell
what are gametes?
Reproduction or sex cells
what is a karyotype?
Visualisation of individual chromosomes
what is a karyotype used for?
to look at your abnormal structure
what does homologous mean?
chromosomes are the same size/shape and carry some genes
what is down syndrome?
having one extra chromosome
what is turnersyndrome?
Monospy X you only have one x
what are klinesselters?
XXY= extra X
