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CHEK ACADEMY > Year 1 + Mod-1 = Anatomy & Physiology > Flashcards

Year 1 + Mod-1 = Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

The Frontal Lobe of the brain controls…

A
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2
Q

The Parietal Lobe of the brain controls…

A
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3
Q

The Occipital Lobe of the brain controls…

A
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4
Q

The Cerebellum of the brain controls…

A
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5
Q

The Four key componenets of a nerve cell are?

A
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6
Q

Three main peices of the Neuron are?

A
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7
Q

Four Types of Glial Cells

A

Astrocytes

Oligodendrocytes

Mircoglia

Ependymal Cells

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8
Q

Astrocytes Repsond too…

A

injury

and nourish the nueron

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9
Q

Oligodendrocytes create the ____ on a nueron?

A

Myelin Sheath

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10
Q

Microglia monitor for _____ and ______

and is implicated in _____ and _____

A

Microglia monitor for DYSFUNCTION and INFECTION

and is implicated in CHRONIC PAIN and OCD

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11
Q

Glial cells cause persistant pain through ______

induced by ____ or _____

A

Glial cells cause persistant pain through OVER SENSITIZATION

induced by FOOD INTOLERANCE or TOXINS

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12
Q

How many Cranial Nerves are there?

A

12

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13
Q

A Motor Unit consists of?

A

Motor Neuron

+

All the muscle cells it stimulates

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14
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31

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15
Q

Most “trapped” nerves occur in what three areas areas of the spine?

A

Cervical

Lumbar L4-L5

Lumbar L5-S1

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16
Q

Four Examples of the Sympathetic Nervous System

A

Fight-or-Flight

Inhibits Sexual Function​

Inhibits Immune System

Poor Sleep

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17
Q

Sympathetic Nerves Intervate at what two part of the spine?

A

Thoracic & Lumbar

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18
Q

Three Examples of the Parasympathetic Nervous system are?

A

“Rest and Digest”

Increased Blood flow to GI

Supports Sexual Function

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19
Q

Parasympathetic Nerves intervate at what two parts of the spine?

A

Cervical & Sacral

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20
Q

The Pineal Gland modulates ______ and produces ______

A

Sleep/Wake Cycles + Melatonin

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21
Q

Which gland is the “Master Glan”?

A

Pituitary

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22
Q

The Thyroid regulates

1 -

2 -

3 -

4 -

A

1 - Metabolism

2 - Growth

3 - Body Temp.

4 - Heart Rate

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23
Q

The thyroid secretes what hormone?

A

T3 & T4

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24
Q

The Thymus specializes in ______ system

and educates T-Cells

A

Immune system

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25
Q

The Adrenals sit on top of the kidneys and release hormones

Including… (three)

A

Hormones

- Cortisol

- Adrendaline

- Adrogen’s

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26
Q

Steroid Hormone Pathway

Acetyl Co-A = ______ = _____ +_____

A

Steroid Hormone Pathway

Acetyl co-A = Pregnenolone = Progesterone + DHEA

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27
Q

Steroid Hormone Pathway

DHEA becomes

_______ + ______

A

Steroid Hormone Pathway

DHEA becomes

Testeosterone + Estrone

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28
Q

Steroid Hormone Pathway

Pogesterone becomes

_______ + ______

A

Steroid Hormone Pathway

Pogesterone becomes

Cortisol + Aldosterone

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29
Q

Steroid Hormone Pathway

Pathway Under Stress

A

Pregnenalone

- to -

Prpogesterone

- to -

Cortisol

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30
Q

Hormone Circadian Cycles

A
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31
Q

Digestive System Six Components

A

Mouth

Esophogus

Stomach

Pancreas

Small Intestine

Large Intestine

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32
Q

What are Refelx Pathways between Muscles & Organs?

A

Pain signals sent from your muscles may also be sent to the corresponding organs that intervate at that section of the spine, causing them to behave as if they are in pain

= not functioning normally

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33
Q

Heart & Lung Reflex Pathway intervates at ______

34
Q

Stomach+ Small Intestine + Pancreas + Liver Reflex Pathway intervates at ______

35
Q

Colon Reflex Pathway intervates at ______

36
Q

Kidney Reflex Pathway intervates at ______

37
Q

Prostate Reflex Pathway intervates at ______

38
Q

Testes + Ovary Reflex Pathway intervates at ______

39
Q

Heart Blood Pathway

A

Venacava - Right Atrium - Right Ventricle

Pulmonary Artery to Lungs

Left Atrium - Left Ventricle - Aorta

40
Q

Three Energy Systems + Utilization Times + Ana/Aerobic

A

Creatine + 2-7 sec + Anaerobic

Glycolysis + 20-60 sec + Anerobic

Glucose/Faty Acid + 60s + Aerobic

41
Q

Energy Metabolism Sources

2-7 s

7-60s

60s+

A

Creatine

Glycolysis

Aurobic Lactic Acid

42
Q

Muscle Fiber Loading Timing

Tonic Strength =

Strength Endurance =

Strength =

Max Strength Mass =

Power =

A

Tonic Strength = 3-5 min

Strength endurance = 100 - 180 sec

Strength = 40 - 70 sec

Max Strength Mass = 20 sec @ 85% 1 RM

Power = <20 sec

43
Q

Three Muscle Fiber Types + Action

A

Type - 1 = Endurance

Type - 2A = Strength

Type - 2B = Power

44
Q

Type - 1 Muscle Energy Source = ____

A

Glucose + Faty Acids

45
Q

Type - 2A Muscle Energy Source = ____

A

Oxidative Glycolytic

46
Q

Type - 2B Muscle Energy Source = ____

A

Creatine + Glycolysis

47
Q

Muscle Type Fatigue + Recovery Time

Type - 1

Type - 2A

Type - 2B

A

Type - 1

F = 3-5 min - R = 60 sec

Type - 2A

F = 90-120 sec - R = 1-2 min

Type - 2B

F = 0-20 se - R = 3-5 min

48
Q

Cervical Spine

How Many vertebrae in the Cervical spine?

49
Q

Spinal Anatmoy

What is the function of the dens on C2?

A

Atals rotates around C2 Dens

50
Q

How many vertebrae in the Thoracic Spine?

51
Q

How many vertebrae in the Lumbar Spine?

52
Q

How many fused peices are ther in the Sacrum?

53
Q

Joint Anatomy

What are the three types of joints?

A

Synovial

Cartilaginous

Fiburous

54
Q

Joint Anatomy

The most common and movable joint type is?

55
Q

Panjabi’s Model of Joint Stability

______ + ______ + ______

A

Neural = nerve sends signal

Active = muscle stimulates

Passive = joint sends signal to brain

56
Q

Ligaments are dense connective tissue that connect ____ to ___ to form a joint

A

Bone to Bone

57
Q

Planes of Movement

Saggital

Frontal

Transvers

A

Saggital = Flexion / Extension

Frontal = Ab/Aduction

Transvers = Rotation

58
Q

Transverse Abdominus = TVA

- Origin -

- -

- Insertion -

A

Inner Surface of Lower 6 Ribs

Thoracic Lumbar Fascia

Illiac Crest

- - -

Linear Alba​

59
Q

Transverse Abdominus = TVA

- Action -

A

Compress Abdominal Contents

60
Q

Diaphram

- Origin -

- - -

- Insertion -

A

Inner Surface of Lowe 6 Ribs

Xiphoid Process

Anterior L-2 + L3

- - -

Common Tendon of Diaphram

61
Q

Diaphram

- Action x 2 -

A

Compress Abodminal Cavity

+

Expand Thoracic Cavity

62
Q

Interspinal Muscles

Origin + Insertion

A

Spinous Process

Above & Below

63
Q

Interspinal Muscles

- Action -

A

Spinal Extension

64
Q

Intertransversary Muscles

Origin + Insertion

A

Transverse Process

Above & Below

65
Q

Intertransversary Muscles

- Action -

A

Side Flexion

66
Q

Multifidus

- Origin -

- - -

- Insertion -

A

Sacrum

illiac Spine

Lumbar & Thoracic Articular Processes

Inserts 2-4 Vertebrae above

67
Q

Multifidus

- Action x 3 -

A

Spine Extension

Contralateral Rotation

Stabalization

68
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

- Orgiin -

- - -

- Insertion -

A

Spinous Process T7 - L5

Sacrum

- - -

Humerus

69
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

- Action x 3 -

A

Shoulder Extension

Internal Rotation

Anterior Rotation of Pelvis

70
Q

Levator Scapula

- Origin -

- - -

- Insertion -

A

Transverse C1 - C4

- - -

Medial Border of Scapula

71
Q

Levator Scapula

- Action x 4 -

A

Cervical Extension

Rotation

Side Flexion

Scapular elevation

72
Q

Infraspinatous

- Origin -

- - -

- Insertion -

A

Infraspinous Fossa

- - -

Humerous

73
Q

Infraspinatous

- Action x 3 -

A

Shoulder External rotation

Shoulder Extension

Shoulder Abduction

74
Q

Teres Minor

- Origin -

- - -

- Insertion -

A

Lower Scapula

- - -

Humerus

75
Q

Teres Minor

- Action x 3 -

A

Shoulder External rotation

Shoulder Extension

Shoulder Abduction

76
Q

Rhomboid

- Origin -

- - -

- Insertion -

A

C7 + T1-3​

- - -

Medial Scapula Border

77
Q

Rhomboid

- Action x 3 -

A

Scapular Adduction

Scapular Elevation

Scapular Downward rotation

78
Q

Trapezius

- Origin -

- - -

- Insertion -

A

Occiput of Skull

- - -

Lateral Clavicle

Scapular Spine

Achromium Process

C7 - T12

79
Q

Trapezius

- Action x 4 -

A

Upper = Cervical Rotation + Extention

Mid = Scapular Retraction

Lower = Scapular Depression +

Downward Rotation

CHEK ACADEMY (3 decks)

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