YEAR 1 Flashcards
What did AT Still say about his mother?
“She oversaw the farm work just as well as father, or a little better and used pinishment homeopathically”
When AT Still returned from fighting in the Civil War what illness were his children afflicted with?
Spinal Meningitis
What was the name of the border war in the Nebraska Territory that AT Still served as a field medic in?
Wakarusa War or Bleeding Kansas (1856)
What compound made “cinnabar” out of AT Still’s jawbone?
Mercury Chloride (Calomel)
What was Abram Still’s (AT Still’s father) profession?
Methodist, Physician and a circuit rider preacher
Where was AT Still born?
Jonesville, Lee County, Virgina USA
Where did he relocate to apprentice with his father in 1853?
Kansas
What was the name of the friend who “put into my head the idea of Osteopathy”?
General James Abbot, Spiritualist
When was AT Still born?
August 6th 1828
What was AT Still’s first lesson in Osteopathy?
- When he was 10 years old he suffered a headache
- He used a rope like a swing for his neck
- “Wedge of reason” reached his brain 20 years later to realized he had suspended thr action of the great occipital nerves and given harmony to flow of the arterial blood to snf through the veins and ease was the effect. Still went back to this treatmnet anytime he had a headache!
- Rule of the Artery reigns supreme
According to his autobiography, which two words most accurately combine to define Osteopathy?
Osteon = Bone
Pathos = To suffer or to feel
this relates to the Osteopathic principle of Structure/Function
When did AT Still coin the term Osteopathy?
1889
When was the American School of Osteopathy first legally chartered?
May 10 1892
When did the American School of Osteopathy first class formally commence studies?
October 3rd 1892
When did AT Still remember having “flung to the breeze the banner of Osteopathy”?
June 22nd 1874
Who was the first anatomy professor ath the ASO?
William Smith
Who was the second anatomy professor at the ASO?
Jeanette “Nettie” Bowles
According to AT Still, in “The Philosophy of Osteopathy”, what principles mean to an Osteopath?
- “A perfect plan and specification to build in form a house, an engine, a man, a world, or anything for an object or purpose.”
- To constantly keep in mind the specifications and knowledge of all the bearing and parts to fully understand it.
- The law/mechanism which guides the form and function of a human being.
- In order to understand this mechanism, it is self sufficient
- We muxt have a 3D anatomical/physiological blueprint in our minds so that there is no lack of knowledge in all forms and parts
Who was AT Still arguing with before he “was shot in the dome of reason by an arrow charged with the principles of philosophy”, on June 22, 1874?
His older brother James Still
How did AT Still describe treating his first case of flux?
- Dr. Still noticed when carrying the lethargic, bleeding boy that the child had temperature differences across his body
- The child’s back was warm but his belly was cold and his lumbar spine was congested and had muscle tension
- “I began to reason, for I knew very little ablout flux…As I began at the bases of the brain, and thought by pressures abd rubbings I could push some if the hot to the cold places, and in doing I found rigid and loose places on the muscles and ligaments of the whole spine, while the lumbar was in a very congested condition. Early the next morning…her child was well.”
What was the case that led AT Still to stop prescribing drugs all together in 1885?
- The ex-civil war general who had a 3 inch bladder stone
- Still treated the lumbar spine (suspected pubis symphysis shear)
- Within a week the General had passed the stone as fine sand
Who, according to Arthur Hildreth, purportedly, brought a “heavy set man with a dark brown beard” named Palmer to receive treatment in Kirksvill during the fall of 1893?
Obie Strothers brought Daniel David Palmer or DD Palmer (founding father of chiropractic)
According to HH Gravett’s recollection of AT Still’s opening address, what is the first step in Osteopathy?
- The first step in Osteopathy is a belief in our own bodies
- The next step is to advance that belief to an intelligent understanding.
How does AT Still describe physiology in “Philosophy of Osteopathy”?
- He calls it a “branch of anatomy”
- “I want to insist and impress it upon your minds that it is as much a part of Anatomy as a wing is a part of a chicken.” AT Still on physiology
Who are these people?
- First class term 2 at ASO
Explain the story..
- Student comes to Still with a patient who has awful knees
- Dr. Still asks student how would he remove mud from a mud puddle …would you dig and make it worse? Syphon it?
- Student still flummoxed asks for the method of how to do it
- Still asks him how are you going to get the fluid out of the knee? He explains you have to turn on the arterial supply and flush out the old stagnant fluid
- Still tells him to go think for himself based on the structure in front of him or he will give the case to someone else more competent
- STRUCTURE/FUNCTION interrelationship
HIPPOCRATES
Philosophy that medicine does not cure but aids the healing power of nature to restore balance
Name this person and their contribution to science
- Rudolf Virchow (1855)
German physician and physiologist - Credited for many of the findings of cellular biology
- Virchow used the theory that all cells arise from preexisting cells to lay the groundwork for cellular pathology, or the study of diseases at the cellular level.
- Discoveries included finding cells in bone and connective tissues, describing substances such as myelin
GALEN
Philosophy was disease was an unnatural of the humours to be corrected by a “skillful” physician ie bloodletting!!!
Explain the story…
THE RULE OF THE ARTERY REIGNS SUPREME
- Still treated a soldier who was shot twice in the same leg
- He developed a device based on his knowledge of farming irrigation where he placed a box over the leg and set up a barrel with a spiget that created a waterfall to keep the wound clean and replaced the arterial force since the man could not get the blood flowing himself as he was immobile due to the injury.
- The soldier not only survived but his leg was saved
Explain…
- Pneumonia at the time was treated with opiates
- Opiates slowed the heart and furthered arterial blod flow stagnation and often resulted in death
- Using the principle of the artery reigns supreme Still reasoned that the blood flow to lungs was impeded by all the pleura, fascia and muscles needing to be drained/cleared to create space for optimal blood flow rather that treat with opiates which was harmful to the patients
A Sternum, a pommel, croquet and the swinging hog….explain
- Still fell landing on the pommel of his horses saddle, landing on his sternum and developed a debilitating heart conditon. Doctor’s told him to lead a passive life so as to not asorbate the symptoms
- Years later still having symptoms Still suspects he has an occlusion of blood supply to the autonomic nervous system
- One day he takes a cocquet ball and puts it against a tree and places his back up against it and applies pressure, he hears a loud crack however after this he is able to breath normally and no longer experiences palpations
- Fall on pommel therefore compressed the Sternum creating an irritating influence to the blood supply of the ANS as the Sternum goes form D1 to D7 which overlaps with the nerves of the ANS to the heart which control its beat or rate of strength. THe croquet ball relieves the influence on these blood vessels and neurology and this effect removed all symptoms
- Another situation was a woman was hanging a hog in a barn and the hog swung back hit her and knocked her down. The next day she developed pneumonia. Dr. Still examined the lady and noticed one of her ribs was out of alignemt so he did a correction. The woman coughed up some mucus and fluid but was fine the next day!
Explain the picture…
“MAN IS A MACHINE!”
- Each of these 6 simple machines have different principles or mechanisms for example but they are all trying to reduce the amount of effort required to deal with loads of force….we can view the body like this!
“I’m going to draw you a pig.” Explain the story behing this…
- Based on a story where he was trying to explain to his students that you cannot take anyone word for what they tell you and you need to think for yourself using Osteopathic Priciples
- You NEED to OBSERVE using your SENSES to study the STRUCTURE in front of you
- You examine th body as an engineer and the body will tell you what it needs to adjust
Explain the picture…
- Still invented a butter churn that turned buttermilk into butter in 10 minutes
- He did this using First Principles (he studied the structure and form of milk iteself at the molecular level) of this structure, then assessed how he could most efficiently get to solving the problem …which is what he does in Osteopathy.
BENJAMIN RUSH
- “Father of psychiatry” was the first to believe that mental illness is a disease of the mind and not a “possession of the demons”
- Believed strongly in bleeding and purging patients to cure diseases
Describe the picture…
- Students at the newly built ASO school
- All the white blouses represent women in the class pretty incredible for the times!
Explain this picture…
STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
- Still dissects a turkey vulture to study anatomy and was fascinated with the trachae, he correlates the trachae to the most beautiful sound the bird made while alive
- In his observation and truly appreciates the interrelationship of the structure/function aspect in relation to the bird making the amazing sound
Explain…
This is a picture of HEROIC MEDICINE of the time
- The patient was considered a “hero” if he survived the treatment which was basically poison at the time (mecury chloride, opium etc.)
- Still referred to his jaw as cinnarbar after being treated with mercury chloride (calomel)
What is the Law of 5’s?
Lungs have 5 lobes, 3 on the right lung, and 2 on the left. Liver has 5 lobes, 3 on right lobe, and 2 on left lobe. Nerves have 5 qualities, nutrition, sensation, motion, voluntary and involuntary. Since all principles differ in qualities or kinds of service, would it be amiss for us to inquire a little farther why the lungs and liver are provided with 5 divisions each, if not to do 5 kinds of work, and different from all other kinds in many ways?
What does this photo represent
The ASO chartered May 1892
