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Geography Glaciers > Yamal Peninsual, Russia - Periglacial Landscape > Flashcards

Yamal Peninsual, Russia - Periglacial Landscape Flashcards

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1
Q

What temperature does it fall to in winter

A

-50C

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2
Q

How deep is the permafrost

A

300m

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3
Q

What is the name of the local reindeer herders

A

Nenets

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4
Q

What is a danger if the permafrost melts

A

Greenhouse gases will be released

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5
Q

How much carbon is stored in the permafrost

A

2x as much as in the atmosphere

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6
Q

How many people does the reindeer herding support

A

10,000

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7
Q

How many reindeers do the nenets herd

A

300,000

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8
Q

Name 5 things the reindeer are used for

A

Transport, clothing, tents, meat and income

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9
Q

How much of the Yamal Peninsula is privately owned

A

80%

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10
Q

What natural resource lies beneath the peninsula

A

Worlds largest natural gas reserve

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11
Q

What was discover on the peninsula in July 2014 and what caused them

A

Large sink holes caused by methane being released when the permafrost melted

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12
Q

What gas giant is planning development in the area

A

Gazprom

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13
Q

How long is the planned railway

A

572km

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14
Q

What are the planned projects in the area

A

Railway line, gas pipeline and bridges

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15
Q

How many herders have been evicted due to the development plans

A

160

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16
Q

What is the name of the local gas field

A

Bovanenkovo gas field

17
Q

What impact does development cause on the Nenets

A

Destruction of pastures, forcing overgrazing and disruption to migration routes.

18
Q

How does the change in climate impact the Nenets

A

Causes earlier springs and later autumn freeze making it harder to cross the tundra

19
Q

Why are the reindeer herders at risk

A

The economic value of the natural gases is greater than that of the reindeer

20
Q

Why was gas work suspended in 1980

A

It was very expensive

21
Q

What 5 things is Gasprom promising to do for the Nenets

A

Build houses, schools, hospitals, fish and venison processing factorise and financial support

22
Q

What impact does this have on the Nenets culture

A

It forces them away from there native life and towards modern culture

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