Y9 topic 1 Flashcards
Atom
Atoms are the smallest particle of an element, which are far too small to see. Even the most powerful microscopes cannot visualise a single atom
Molecule
A molecule is a group of 2 or more atoms
Compound
A compound is a pure substance that is made from more than one element. In a compound, elements are chemically bonded together, which makes it very difficult to separate them.
Element I
An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances. An element is made from just one type of atom
Electron
It is a subatomic particle
Proton
‘a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron..
Neutrons
‘a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of ordinary hydrogen.
Solution
A solution is made when a substance dissolves into a liquid. The liquid is called the solvent. The substance that has been dissolved is called the solute.
A solution can also be called a mixture.
Solvent
When it’s mixed with a solute it becomes a mixture
Solute
When it’s mixed with a solvent it becomes a mixture
Miscible
Liquids that can mix together e.g alcohol + water
Imisable
Liquids that can’t mix together e.g oil. + water
Evaporation
When a liquid gains energy and becomes a gas ( can happen at any temperature
Condensation
When a gas looses energy (gets colder) and becomes a liquid
Distillation
A separation method that is the process of evaporation followed by condensation
Distillate
The pure liquid obtained after distillation
Boiling point
The temperature at which molecules are evaporating at the fastest rate liquid to gas
Fractional distillation
A separation method that is the process of evaporation followed by condensation. The fractioning column allows liquid of similar boiling points to be separated and collects in sections called fractiona
