Y9 physics Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 8 energy stores

A

chemical, kinetic, magnetic, electrostatic, elastic, gravitational, thermal, nuclear

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2
Q

What are the 4 energy transfers

A

mechanically, electrically, heating, radiation

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3
Q

Principle of conservation of energy

A

Energy cannot be destroyed or created, only transferred

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4
Q

Efficiency equation

A

Efficiency = useful energy output/ total energy output x 100

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5
Q

3 thermal energy transfers

A

Conduction
Convention
Radiation

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6
Q

What is conduction

A

Main energy transfer in solids
- Transfer of thermal energy through a substance by the vibration of the atoms within the substance

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7
Q

What is convention

A

Main energy transfer in gases and liquids
- expand when heated because the particles move faster and take up more volume, particles remain the same size but become further apart

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8
Q

What is radiation

A

Transfer of energy by infrared waves
- hotter the object, more infrared radiation can be radiated in a given time
- travel very quickly in straight lines.

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9
Q

Why are metals good conducters

A

have free electrons that can move easily through the metal, making the transfer of energy happen faster.

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10
Q

Light shiny surfaces relation to emission absorption and temp

A

Good reflectors of radiation and poor at absorbing

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11
Q

Dark surfaces relation to emission, absorption and temp

A

Poor reflectors good at absorbing
good at emitting

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12
Q

Ways of reducing unwanted energy transfer, such as insulation

A

good insulating material = poor conductor that contains trapped air
Poor conductor (non-metal) prevents heat transfer

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13
Q

Work done equation

A

work done (J) = Force (N) x distance moved (m)

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14
Q

Gravitational potential energy equation

A

Gravitational potential energy (J) = Mass (kg) x gravitational field strength (N/kg) x height (m)

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15
Q

Kinetic energy equation

A

Kinetic energy (J) = 0.5 x mass (kg) x velocity (m/s) 2

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16
Q

Describe power

A

the rate of transfer of energy
or
the rate of work done

17
Q

How to calculate power

A

Work done / time taken

18
Q

difference between Work done and energy transferred

A

work done = energy transferred