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Music Revision > Y8 End of Year Revision > Flashcards

Y8 End of Year Revision Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

Where does Salsa music come from?

A

Cuba

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2
Q

What is the clave rhythm?

A

A 2:3/3:2 rhythm. It is used in Salsa music.

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3
Q

What is syncopation? (and how much of it does Salsa have?)

A

Notes that are off the beat. “accenting notes that would not normally be accented”. It puts accents/stresses on weak beats.
Salsa has a lot of syncopation. The clave rhythm is syncopation.

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4
Q

What instruments can be found in salsa? (List 9)

A

Congas, bongos, pianos, guiros, claves, double basses, trumpets, trombones, maracas.

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5
Q

What is the difference between congas and bongos?

A

Bongos are much shorter than congos, and played with fingers. They are higher-pitched than congos.
Congos are taller and played with the entire hand. They are lower-pitched.
Bongos are two drums connected to each other, but congas can be just two drums placed next to each other. Bongos have been around for much longer

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6
Q

Where does Gamelan originate from?

A

Indonesia, specifically Java and Bali

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7
Q

What does the word Gamelan refer to?

A

The style, but also the set of instruments

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8
Q

What does Gamelan accompany? (list 7)

A

Puppet theatre, theatre, worship, religious rituals,dance, singing, concerts,

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9
Q

What rules are there in relation to playing gamelan?

A

You must take off your shoes and not step over the instruments (this breaks the instrument’s connection to god)

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10
Q

What instruments are in gamelan? (List 10)

A

metallophones, gongs,kendang, gong-chimes, bamboo flutes, drums, cymbals, bowed strings, vocalists, siter

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11
Q

What are the bamboo flutes found in gamelan called?

A

Suling

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12
Q

What are the bowed strings in gamelan called?

A

Rebab

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13
Q

What genre is kendang from?

A

Gamelan

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14
Q

What are the two-octave mellophones in gamelan called?

A

Ugal

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15
Q

What are the names for male and female vocalists in gamelan called?

A

Gerong and Sindhen respectively

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16
Q

What are the three melodies in gamelan called? (list 3)

A

core, kenong, peking

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17
Q

What is gamelan music built on?

A

Ostinato

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18
Q

What is the plural of ostinato?

A

Ostinati

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19
Q

What instruments feature in african drumming?

A

Talking drum, djembe, dundun,

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20
Q

Which gamelan instrument is out of tune?

A

gongs

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21
Q

What scale is used in African drumming?

A

Pentatonic

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22
Q

What scale is used in gamelan?

A

Pentatonic

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23
Q

What does african drumming accompany? (List 5)

A

Births, weddings, funerals, communication between villages. In cities, cultural groups arrange performances for tourists.

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24
Q

What is the pentatonic scale, and what notes does it consist of?

A 
Five notes (penta-) 
the first, second, third, fifth and sixth notes of a major scale
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25
What is heterophony, and which genre/s have it?
the simultaneous playing or singing of two of more versions of the same melody. it features in gamelan and african drumming
26
Who is the master drummer, and which genre/s have them?
The master drummer is the person in charge of the structure of the music. They are in african drumming and gamelan.
27
What is the talking drum, and why is it called that?
The talking drum can make a wide variety of sounds, which sounds like human speech. it is found in african drumming
28
How are gamelan and african drumming usually passed on?
By oral tradition- the music is not written down, but it is passed down by verbal teaching
29
What is call and response, and what genre/s have it?
Call and response is where a lead player plays/sings a phrase and a group of singers/players "respond" to it with the same phrase or a different answering phrase. it features in african drumming and gamelan.
30
Where did minimalism originate, and when?
In the USA in the 1960s.
31
How is minimalism generated?
From a couple of simple ideas repeated many times.
32
Key composers of minimalism: (List 3)
Steve Reich, Philip Glass, John Adams
33
What is minimalism based off?
Ostinati, repeating patterns of notes and rhythms.
34
What is another name for ostinati in minimalism?
Loops (when technology is used to make the phrases repeat)
35
What is polyphonic texture and which genres can it be found in?
Polyphonic texture is two or more simlutaneous lines of independant melody. It is used in minimalism
36
What texture is found in minimalism?
polyphonic texture
37
What is phase shifting?
Phase shifting is where two players play the same melody, but every time it loops one player plays a rest, making them more out of time.
38
What is metamorphosis?
Repeating a phrase and changing one note at a time until is it a completely different phrase.
39
What is rhythic augmentation?
Lengthening all the notes in a phrase by an equal amount
40
What is rhythic diminution?
Shortening all the notes in a phrase by an equal amount
41
What is note addition?
When a note is added to an ostinato every time it repeats
42
What is fusion music?
Where two musical styles of genres are merged, creating a new genre
43
What is the chaal rhythm?
A rhythm used in indian music
44
What structure does Bhangra use?
Verse-chorus
45
What is sampling?
Reusing sections of music in another piece.
46
What is bhangra?
A fusion of hindi film music and punjab folk music
47
What is folk rock?
A fusion of rock music and
48
What instruments are used in folk rock? (List 8)
Mandolin, piano, banjo, fiddle, electric guitar, bass guitar, acoustic guitar, drums
49
What is musical theatre?
It combines, music, theatre, songs and dance
50
What are some famous musical composers?
Steven Sondheim, Andrew Lloyd Webber, Frank Loesser, Tim Minchim, Lin-Manuel Miranda,
51
How is a musical different from a play with music?
the songs are just as important as the other elements of the production
52
What are the three types of musical?
Book musical, juekbox musical, concept musical
53
What is a book musical?
A musical with a strong story driven by the songs
54
What is a jukebox musical?
A story constructed around the songs of a band or artist
55
What is a concept musical?
A musical where the overall message is more important than the story
56
What types of songs are found in musicals? (List 10)
overture, recitative, aria, reprise, duet, ensemble, company, dance, finale,solo
57
What is an overture?
A song that opens the production
58
What is a recitative?
A song that moves the plot along, often with spoken dialogue
59
What is an aria?
An aria is a song where a character expresses their feelings
60
What is a finale?
A finale is the last song in a musica
61
What is a company?
A company features the whole cast
62
What is a reprise?
A sample of a previous song sung earlier in the show
63
What is an ensemble?
An ensemble features only characters with sung solo lines
64
What are the key roles involved in making a musical? (List 12)
composer, librettist,choreographer, director, musical director, producer, actors, singers,dancers, costume team, make-up team, tech crew, stage manager, front of house, publicity team
65
What is a librettist?
Someone who composes the lyrics for a musical or opera, including the songs
66
What are the types of singer? (list 4)
Soprano, alto, tenor, bass
67
How do you work out a major chord?
Count 4 steps up, then 3
68
How do you work out a minor chord?
Count 3 steps up, then 4
69
what is an sforzando?
a sudden accent (sfz)
70
What is the order of tempo words? (fasted to slowest, list 7)
Presto, vivace, allegro, moderato, andante, adagio,largo
71
What does presto mean?
Very fast. The fastest tempo word.
72
What does allegro mean?
Fast. Second-fasted tempo word
73
What does moderato mean?
Moderate speed. Third-fasted tempo word
74
What does andante mean?
Moderate walking speed. The fourth-fasted tempo word.
75
What does adagio mean?
Slow (literally "at ease"). The second slowest tempo word
76
What does largo mean?
Slow and solemn. The slowest tempo word
77
What is harmony?
How pitches work together when two or more are played at the same time
78
What does consonant mean?
in agreement or harmony with.
79
What does dissonant mean?
lacking harmony/ unsuitable or unusual in combination; clashing.

Music Revision (3 decks)

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