Y12 Test Tube Tests Flashcards
How do you test for an alkene?
Bromine water
What is observed when an alkene is added to bromine water?
The Bromine water changes from orange to colourless.
Why does an alkene decolourise bromine water?
It reacts by electrophilic addition
What does sodium carbonate test for?
Acids
What is observed when sodium carbonate is added to an acid?
Effervescence (CO2 gas is released)
What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to a primary alcohol?
The dichromate is reduced changing from orange to green
What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to a secondary alcohol?
The dichromate is reduced changing from orange to green
What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to an aldehyde?
The dichromate is reduced changing from orange to green
What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to a tertiary alcohol?
No change (tertiary alcohols can not be oxidised)
What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to a ketone?
No change (ketones can not be oxidised by potassium dichromate)
What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to a carboxylic acid?
No change (carboxylic acids can not be oxidised by potassium dichromate)
Tollen’s reagent is a test for which functional group?
Aldehyde
What is observed when Tollen’s reagent is added to an aldehyde?
A silver mirror forms
What happens to an aldehyde when it is tested using Tollen’s reagent?
the aldehyde is oxidised to a carboxylic acid
What is observed when Tollen’s reagent is added to a ketone?
No visible change
What reagent is used to test for ammounium ions?
Heat with NaOH
What is observed when ammounium (NH4+) ions are heated with NaOH
Gas released turns damp red litmus paper blue
What gas is released when ammonium ions are warmed with NaOH
ammonia gas (NH3)
What is Fehlings solution a test for?
Aldehydes
What is observed when an aldehyde reacts with Fehling’s solution?
Brick red precipitate
What is the test for sulfate ions (SO4 2-)
Acidified Barium Chloride
What is observed when sulfuric acid is added to BaCl2?
White precipitate (BaSO4)
What is the ionic equation for the reaction of Na2SO4 with BaCl2
Ba2+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) –> BaSO4 (s)
How do you test for magnesium ions?
Add NaOH. This forms Mg(OH)2 which is a white precipitate
How do you test for hydroxide ions?
Add NaOH. This forms Mg(OH)2 which is a white precipitate
What would you expect to see when sodium carbonate is added to HCl?
Effervescence
What would you expect to see when barium carbonate (BaCO3) is added to sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
Effervescence and a white precipitate
