Y12 Organic Reactions

Question 1

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alkane into carbon dioxide and water

Answer 1

Complete combustion
Excess oxygen (O2)
Heat and Spark

Question 2

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a haloalkane from an alkane

Answer 2

Reagent: Cl2, Br2
Condition: UV light

Question 3

State the mechanism needed to make a haloalkane from an alkane

Answer 3

Radical Substitution

Question 4

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a haloalkane from an alkene

Answer 4

Reagent: HCl, HBr
Condition: Room temperature and shake

Question 5

State the mechanism needed to make a haloalkane from an alkene

Answer 5

Electrophilic Addition

Question 6

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alkene from a haloalkane

Answer 6

Reagent: NaOH/KOH
Condition: Ethanolic (reflux)

Question 7

State the mechanism needed to make an alkene from a haloalkane

Answer 7

Elimination

Question 8

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alkene from an alcohol

Answer 8

Reagent: Sulfuric Acid
Condition: hot concentrated

Question 9

State the mechanism needed to make an alkene from an alcohol

Answer 9

Elimination

Question 10

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alcohol from a alkene in a single step

Answer 10

Reagent: Steam
Condition: Concentrated phosphoric acid

Question 11

State the mechanism needed to make an alcohol from a alkene in a single step

Answer 11

Electrophilic Addition

Question 12

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alcohol by fermentation

Answer 12

Reagent: Glucose
Condition: Yeast, Anaerobic (no oxygen)

Question 13

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alcohol from a alkene in two steps

Answer 13

Reagent 1: Sulfuric Acid
Reagent 2: Water

Question 14

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alkyl hydrogen sulfate from a alkene

Answer 14

Reagent: Sulfuric Acid
Condition: None

Question 15

State the mechanism needed to make an alkyl hydrogen sulfate from a alkene

Answer 15

Electrophilic Addition

Question 16

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alcohol from a alkyl hydrogen sulfate

Answer 16

Reagent: Water
Condition: None

Question 17

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a dihaloalkane from an alkene

Answer 17

Reagent: Cl2, Br2
Condition: Room temperature and shake

Question 18

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a nitrile from a haloalkane

Answer 18

Reagent: KCN
Condition: Aqueous and ethanolic

Question 19

State the mechanism needed to make a nitrile from a haloalkane

Answer 19

Nucleophilic Substitution

Question 20

What is observed when an alkene is added to bromine water

Answer 20

The solution turnes from orange to colourless

Question 21

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alcohol from a haloalkane

Answer 21

Reagent: NaOH/KOH
Condition: Aqueous (heat under reflux)

Question 22

State the mechanism needed to make an alcohol from a haloalkane

Answer 22

Nucleophilic Substitution

Question 23

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a primary amine from a haloalkane in one step

Answer 23

Reagent: NH3
Condition: Excess
(ethanol, heat and pressure)

Question 24

State the mechanism needed to make a primary amine from a haloalkane in one step

Answer 24

Nucleophilic Substitution

Question 25

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a **primary amine** from a **nitrile**

Answer 25

Reagent: Hydrogen Condition: Nickel catalyst

Question 26

State the type of reaction needed to make a **primary amine** from a **nitrile**

Answer 26

Reduction

Question 27

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a **primary amine** from a **haloalkane** in *two* steps

Answer 27

**First ** Reagent: KCN Condition: Aqueous and Ethanolic **Second** Reagent: Hydrogen Condition: Nickel Catalyst

Question 28

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an **aldehyde** from an **alcohol**

Answer 28

Reagent: Primary alcohol and Acidified Potassium Dichromate (H2SO4/K2Cr2O7) Condition: Distillation

Question 29

State the type of reaction needed to make an **alcohol** from an **aldehyde**

Answer 29

Reduction

Question 30

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a **ketone** from an **alcohol**

Answer 30

Reagent: Secondary alcohol and Acidified Potassium Dichromate (H2SO4/K2Cr2O7) Condition: Reflux

Question 31

State the type of reaction needed to make a **ketone** from an **alcohol**

Answer 31

Oxidation

Question 32

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a **carboxylic acid** from an **alcohol**

Answer 32

Reagent: Primary alcohol with excess Acidified Potassium Dichromate (H2SO4/K2Cr2O7) Condition: Reflux

Question 33

State the type of reaction needed to make a **carboxylic acid** from an **alcohol**

Answer 33

Oxidation

Question 34

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a **carboxylic acid** from an **aldehyde**

Answer 34

Reagent: Acidified Potassium Dichromate (H2SO4/K2Cr2O7) Condition: Reflux

Question 35

What is observed when an alcohol is oxidised using acidified potassium dichromate?

Answer 35

The solution will change from **orange** (K2Cr2O7) to **green** (Cr3+)

Question 36

Name the types of molecules that can in oxidised by acidified potassium dichromate.

Answer 36

Primary alcohol Secondary alcohol Aldehyde

Question 37

State how an aldehyde can be distguished from a ketone

Answer 37

Reagent: Tollen's reagent Observation: Aldehyde - Silver Mirror Ketone - NVC