Y11 Content Flashcards
What group did Ho Chi Minh form to fight the Japanese and then the French?
Viet Minh
How much money did the US provide to France to fight against the communists?
$500 million per year
What was the name of the battle lost by the French in 1954?
Dien Bien Phu
What agreement was signed in 1954 which split Vietnam in half along the 17th parallel?
The Geneva Agreement
Who was put in place to rule the Republic of South Vietnam?
Ngo Dinh Diem
What three reasons were there for why Ngo Dinh Diem was disliked?
Harsh to peasants, treated Buddhists badly and corrupt.
Which 66 year old monk burnt himself to death in protest?
Thich Quang Duc
How much money did the USA give the corrupt Republic of South Vietnam in the 1950s?
$1.6 billion
What organisation was set up in 1960 to fight against the corrupt government of the south?
The National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (Viet Cong)
What did JFK introduce in 1962 aiming at keeping the peasants away from Communism?
The Strategic Hamlet Relocation Programme
How many non-military advisors were there in Vietnam by 1962 and 1964?
11,500 and 23,000
Where were US boats attacked by the Viet Cong in August 1964?
The Gulf of Tonkin
How many US marines arrived at Da Nang in March 1965?
3500
What was the name of the theory which taught that Vietnam becoming Communist might lead to other countries also falling to Communism?
Domino Theory
How many soldiers did the VC and NVA have by 1965?
170,000
What was the tactics called where the VC stayed close to US troops to reduce the impact of bombing?
Hanging on to American belts
What percentage of US casualties were caused by VC booby traps?
11%
How long were the tunnel complexes used by the VC?
240km
How many Vietnamese civilians provided supplies for the VC by using the Ho Chi Minh Trail?
40,000
What was the total amount of aid provided to the North Vietnamese by China and the USSR?
$2 billion
What was the name of the bombing campaign that started in February 1965?
Operation Rolling Thunder
How many US helicopters were destroyed during Operation Rolling Thunder?
5000
How much did it cost, according to Life Magazine, to kill one Viet Cong soldier?
$400,000
How many tonnes of Napalm were dropped between 1965-73?
20,000
How many litres of Agent Orange were used during the war?
82 million litres
What were search and destroy missions informally known as?
Zippo raids
What was the name of the village which saw the massacre of 400 people in March 1968?
My Lai
Who was put in prison as a result of the My Lai Massacre?
Lt Calley
How many people protested against the My Lai Massacre, in Washington, in November 1969?
700,000
What was the name of the Viet Cong attack on 100 targets in January 1968?
Tet Offensive
How many Viet Cong died in the Tet Offensive?
10,000
Following the Tet Offensive, which CBS journalist reported that “Vietnam is an unwinnable war”?
Walter Cronkite
How many Vietnamese civilians died in 1968 mainly as a result of bombing raids?
300,000
Which president replaced LBJ in January, 1969?
Richard Nixon
What was Nixon’s policy of removing US troops and replacing them with South Vietnamese troops called?
Vietnamisation
The South Vietnamese army had 82,000 soldiers in 1968. How big was it by 1970?
1 million
What was the 1972 Viet Cong attack on the South called?
The Spring Offensive
During Operation Linebacker 1 between May and October 1972, how many tonnes of bombs were dropped on North Vietnam?
150,000 tons
In 1970 Nixon started SALT talks with the USSR to limit nuclear weapons. What does SALT stand for?
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Which two countries did Nixon visit in 1972 in a bid to put pressure of North Vietnam to end the war?
USSR and China
Which country did the USA invade in March 1969, in Operation Menu, in an attempt to destroy Communist help for the VC?
Cambodia
What was the name of the Communist group in Cambodia, under the leadership of Pol Pot?
Khmer Rouge
What was the name given to the operation to invade Laos in February 1971 which ended in disaster and defeat for the South Vietnamese army?
Operation Lam Son 719
What John Lennon song was adopted by the peace movement in 1969?
Give peace a chance
What percentage of TV reports showed dead or wounded people?
25%
How many people watched the shocking images of the execution of a VC soldier live on US TV?
20 million
What was Ronald Haeberle famous for?
Photgraphing the dead at My Lai
Which famous boxer burnt his draft card?
Muhammad Ali
In the first 6 months of what you was there 100 demonstrations and how many students at Berkeley, Yale and Stanford Universities protested against the Vietnam war
1968
40,000
Who photgraphed the dead at My Lai
Ronald Haeberle
When was Operation Lam Son 719
February 1971
When was the My Lai massacre
March 1968
When was the Spring Offensive
1972
When was the Golf of Tonkin incident
August 1964
When were 4 students killed at Kent State and what did it cause?
4 people killed, 16 wounded on 4 May 1970 resulting in 4 million students going on strike
Finish this chant.. Hey, Hey LBJ…….
How many kids did you kill today?
What was the name of shops opened for anti-war, ex-servicemen to get coffee and doughnuts?
GI coffeehouses
How many Gi’s had received less then honorable discharges of soldiers
563,000
What date was there 209 fraggings
1970
What is fragging?
Killing your own officer
Jane Fonda, Donald Sutherland and Fred Gardner were famous actors. What did they set up to protest against the war?
The FTA tour (Free the Army roadshow)
What did the VVAW stand for?
Vietnam Veterans Against the War
What percent of casualties in the Vietnam war were black even though they only made up what percentage of the army
22% of black people
made up 11%
What was the name given to the investigations held in Detroit in December 1970 about US atrocities in Vietnam?
Winter Soldier Investigations
What was the name of the hearings set up in 1971 to try and find a way out of Vietnam?
Fulbright Hearings
How many members did the VVAW have by April of 1971
30,000
What was the name of the VVAW ex-soldier who gave the most famous evidence at these hearings?
John Kerry
When did John Kerry give evidence for the Fulbright hearings
22 April 1971
What was the name of the disabled ex-soldier who became a campaigner against war?
Ron Kovic
What was the name of the scandal which ended in Nixon’s resignation?
Watergate
Where did peace talks start in May 1968 and lasted until January 1973?
Paris
Which two men had secret meetings for three years between 1969 and 1972?
Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho
Who was leader of South Vietnam, who was appalled by the Paris Peace Accords in 1973?
Thieu
Why couldn’t the USA keep up the promises made to protect South Vietnam at the Paris Peace Accords?
Stock market crash and world oil crisis meant less money for war.
Why did the North feel confident enough to break the Paris Accords and attack the South in 1975?
US Congress wouldn’t allow Ford to commit any more money to Vietnam.
What was the codename of the US evacuation of South Vietnam?
Operation Frequent Wind
On what date did the North defeat the South and reunite Vietnam?
April 30th 1975
When did Korea become a protectorate of Japan?
1905
Who did the Koreans fight on the same side as in WW2?
Japan
What Declaration made Korea independent in 1945?
The Potsdam Declaration
Who took over Japan after WWII?
The USA
Which superpower had its army in Machuria after WW2?
The USSR
Which European country had control in Indo-China: Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam?
France
At the Potsdam Conference of 1945 Korea was taken from Japan and divided into two. What was the dividing line?
The 38th Parallel
How much of the world’s gold reserve did the USA have in 1945?
Two-thirds
How many warships did the USA have in 1945?
1200
How many Long range B-29 bombers did the USA have in 1945?
1000
The RoK was formed in South Korea in 1948. What does RoK stand for?
Republic of Korea
The DPRK was formed in North Korea in 1948. What does DPRK stand for?
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Why did the USA distrust the USSR by the 1949?
USSR had taken over many Eastern European countries
How much had the US given Chiang Kai-Shek to stop the Communists in China?
$2 billion
Once Kai-Shek had lost to the Communists in 1949 where did he have to flee to?
Formosa/Taiwan
What was the Truman Doctrine?
The US policy to contain (stop the spread) of communism - containment.
Who was the communist leader of China from 1949?
Mao Zedong
Who was the leader of DPRK after it was set up in 1949?
Kim II Sung
How many communist sympathisers lived in the south?
A
200,000
Who was the leader of the RoK after it was set up in August 1948?
Syngman Rhee
Why did Stalin agree to help the DPRK after 1949?
China had become communist and he wanted to show Mao who was in charge or he wanted to get his own back for the failed Berlin Blockade
How many pieces of artillery did Stalin give the DPRK in 1950?
1600
How many T-34 tanks did Stalin give the DPRK in 1950?
258
How many military aircraft did Stalin give the DPRK in 1950?
178
Why did China get involved with Korea in November 1950?
Pressure from Stalin
What did Truman send to Korean waters following the North’s invasion of the South?
Warships and advisors
Why was the USSR boycotting the Security Council of the UN in 1950?
UN had failed to recognise Communist takeover of China
How did the absence of the USSR allow the USA to persuade the UN to get involved in Korea?
The USSR couldn’t veto UN involvement
What city did the DPRK capture on June 28th 1950?
South’s capital city, Seoul
Which south-eastern region had the forces of the RoK retreated to by August 1950?
Pusan
Where had Chinese troops assembled ready for an invasion by August 1950?
Manchuria
How many states had agreed to help the UN provide military, economic and medical aid to South Korea?
29
Who was put in charge of the UN troops?
General MacArthur
Where did the UN troops first attack the forces of the DPRK?
Inchon
By September 1950 the UN forces had pushed the DPRK troops back to the Chinese border. What river marks that border?
Yalu River
In late October 1950, how many Chinese troops launched an attack against the UN?
200,000
When did the UN troops lose control of Seoul?
January, 1951
When did General MacArthur openly threaten China with an atom bomb without President Truman’s permission?
March, 1951
What happened to General MacArthur in April 1951?
Truman sacked him
What started in June 1951?
Peace talks between North and South Korea
What was the main reason for the failure of early peace talks for Korea?
The exchange of prisoners
Who died in March 1953 which helped peace talks for Korea?
Stalin
Who became the new leader of the USSR in March 1953?
Malenkov
Who became the new president of the USA in January 1953?
Eisenhower
Where was the armistice signed in July 1953?
Panmunjom
What three terms did the armistice confirm for Korea?
2 mile demilitarised zone either side of 38th Parallel, all forces withdraw to own territory, prisoner exchange would begin
How many casualties did the USA have?
30,000 died and 100,000 wounded
How much did US defence spending increase during the Korean War?
$48 billion from $12-$60 billion
What % of GDP did the US spend on the Korean War?
14%
What did the USA set up in 1954 to stop the spread of Communism in south-east Asia?
SEATO (South East Asia treaty Organisation)
How big was the buffer zone on its own borders gained by China?
300km
How many deaths did the Chinese suffer in the Korean War?
900,000
What did the RoK sign with the USA in 1953?
The Mutual Defence Treaty
How many Koreans were casualties of the War?
2.5 million
What percentage of Korean civilians died in the war?
10%
How many homes were destroyed in the Korean war?
600,000
How many South Koreans were captured by the North?
80,000
What did the USSR have to increase spending on as a result of events in Korea?
Arms production
When was the strategic hamlet relocation act
March 1962
When was operation rolling thunder
February 1965
When was the Watergate scandal
June 1972
