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Double Chemistry > Y10 Chemistry revision > Flashcards

Y10 Chemistry revision Flashcards

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1
Q

What kind of bond is created between a group 1 metal and a halogen?

A

Ionic.

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2
Q

What kind of bonding would lead to the occurrence of hydrogen sulfide?

A

Ionic

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3
Q

Element, compound or mixture?

A substance only containing one type of atoms.

A

Element

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4
Q

What is matter?

A

matter is defined as anything that has mass, can be seen and touched. Normally separated in 3 major states: Solid, Liquid and Gas.

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5
Q

Element, compound or mixture?

A substance containing two or more types of atoms, that are not chemically bonded together.

A

Mixture

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6
Q

A mixture is two or more substances. It can / can’t be separated?

A

Can

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7
Q

What kind of bonding consists of two non-metals?

A

Covalent

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8
Q

What kind of bonding consists of a metal and a non-metal?

A

Ionic

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9
Q

What is the gas test for Carbon dioxide (CO2)?

A

Carbon dioxide turns limewater milky.

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10
Q

What happens to valence electrons, when the ionic bonding occurs?

A

They are being transferred between the atoms

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11
Q

What kind of bonding would lead to the occurrence of carbon dioxide?

A

Covalent

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12
Q

What kind of bond is created between a non-metal and a noble gas?

A

Covalent

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13
Q

What kind of ions does an ionic bond generate?

A

Oppositely charged ions

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14
Q

What kind of bonding occurs between two atoms of elements close to each other in the periodic table?

A

Covalent

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15
Q

A compound has different properties than the elements that react to form it. (True - False)

A

True

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16
Q

Element, compound or mixture?

2Cu

A

Element

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17
Q

Element, compound or mixture?

H20

A

Compound

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18
Q

Element, compound or mixture?

Salt water

A

Mixture

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19
Q

What is being shared between the atoms, when the covalent bonding occurs?

A

Electrons

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20
Q

True or false? Bases change litmus paper to blue.

A

True

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21
Q

What happens to valence electrons, when the ionic bonding occurs?

A

They are being transferred between the atoms

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22
Q

True or false? The chemical formula for sodium hydroxide is NaH.

A

False (NaOH)

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23
Q

What kind of bonding would lead to the occurrence of carbon dioxide?

A

Covalent

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24
Q

True or false? Sodium hydroxide is known as a weak base.

A

false

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25
Q

True or false? A cation is an ion with more protons than electrons, giving it a positive charge.

A

True

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26
Q

Which element is using in party balloons?

A

Helium

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27
Q

What is the structure of an atom?

A

the atom has a nucleus formed by protons and neutrons, being also surrounded by electrons in orbits.

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28
Q

What are atoms?

A

Atoms are smallest particles which can group together, forming molecules finally they form objects. They distinct as: protons, neutrons and electrons.

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29
Q

What are the charges of the different known atoms?

A

protons – positive;
neutrons – do not have;
electrons – negative.

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30
Q

o What is matter?

A

matter is defined as anything that has mass, can be seen and touched. Normally separated in 3 major states: Solid, Liquid and Gas.

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31
Q

What kind of alkali metal ion / cation is present when the flame colour turns crimson red?

A

Lithium, Li+

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32
Q

What kind of alkali metal ion / cation is present when the flame colour turns Lilac?

A

Potassium , K+

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33
Q

What kind of alkali metal ion / cation is present when the flame colour turns green / blue?

A

Copper , Cu²+

34
Q

What gas is present when: A lighted wooden splint makes a popping sound in a test tube of hydrogen?

A

Hydrogen , H2

35
Q

What gas is present when: A glowing wooden splint relights in a test tube?

A

Oxygen , O2

36
Q

What is the gas test for Ammonia (NH3)?

A

Makes damp red litmus paper turn blue… (Ammonia forms a white smoke of ammonium chloride when hydrogen chloride gas, from concentrated hydrochloric acid, is held near it.)

37
Q

What gas is present when: Damp blue litmus paper turns red, and then bleaches it white?

A

Chlorine , Cl2

38
Q

What is the most acidic number on the pH scale?

A

1

39
Q

What is the neutral number on the pH scale?

A

7

40
Q

What is the most basic number on the pH scale?

A

14

41
Q

What colour does an acid with the pH of 1 turn universal indicator to?

A

RED

42
Q

What colour does an alkali with the pH of 14 turn universal indicator to?

A

purple

43
Q

What does it mean if an acid is corrosive?

A

It will destroy any substance that it comes into contact with

44
Q

What kind of acid is produced in our muscles when we exercise?

A

Lactic acid

45
Q

How do acids taste?

A

They taste sour

46
Q

How do bases taste?

A

They taste bitter

47
Q

What happens in ALL chemical reactions?

A

A new substance is formed.

48
Q

In an exothermic reaction…

A

Released

49
Q

What is the range in the pH scale?

A

1-14

50
Q

All elements are solid at room temperature. (True - False)

A

False

51
Q

What kind of bond is created between a non-metal and a noble gas?

A

Covalent

52
Q

The table shows the melting points of different substances.

Substance Melting point (°C)
Sodium chloride 801
Water 100
Diamond 3730

Explain these results by referring to the structures of the substances.

A
  • sodium chloride contains ions in a regular lattice
  • there are electrostatic forces of attraction between - oppositely charged ions
  • the forces/ionic bonds are strong
  • a lot of energy is needed to overcome/break these
    forces/bonds
  • water exists as simple molecules
  • there are weak intermolecular forces between molecules
  • less energy needed to overcome these forces
  • diamond exists as a giant covalent structure
  • there are covalent bonds between atoms
  • many strong covalent bonds
  • a very large amount of energy is needed to break bonds
53
Q

what is the density formula?

A

p= m/V; density= mass/volume

54
Q

What kind of ions does an ionic bond generate?

A

Oppositely charged ions

55
Q

Food colourings contain a mixture of water soluble dyes. Devise a method to separate the dyes in a sample of food colouring. Explain how this method works.

A
  • draw a horizontal line in pencil near the bottom of a piece
    of chromatography paper
  • add a spot of food colouring on the line
  • place the paper in a container with some water/solvent
  • allow the water/solvent to travel through the paper
  • remove the paper before the water/solvent reaches the
    top of the paper, and allow it to dry
  • the spots on the paper will indicate the number and type
    of dyes present
  • paper chromatography uses a mobile phase (the
    solvent/water)
  • and a stationary phase (contained on the paper)
  • forces of attraction between the dyes and these phases
    cause the dyes to move at different rate over the paper
  • depends on solubility of the dyes in mobile and static
    phase
56
Q

A compound is a substance that …

A

is made up of two or more elements chemically joined together

57
Q

In an Endothermic reaction..

A

It takes in energy

58
Q

Is sharpening a pencil a physical or chemical change

A

physical.

59
Q

What kind of bonding occurs between two atoms of elements close to each other in the periodic table?

A

Covalent

60
Q

How many elements are in Periodic Table?

A

118

61
Q

During what kind of bonding can a sodium cation and a chlorine anion be created?

A

Ionic

62
Q

What is the formula for relative atomic mass?

A

Ar

63
Q

How many moles are in 25.0 grams of water?

A

1.39 mol H2O

64
Q

How many grams are in 4.500 moles of Li2O? (the 2 should be a small one after Li)

A

134.6 g Li2 (small two)

65
Q

What is the relative atomic mass of carbon? Use a periodic table if its help you!

A

12

66
Q

What is the relative formula mass of carbondioxide?

A

44

67
Q

What name is given to the number of atoms in a mole of an element?

A

Avogadro’s constant

68
Q

What volume does 1.5 moles of hydrogen gas occupy at room temperature and pressure?

A

36dm3

69
Q

How many moles are in 9 g of water

A

0.5 moles

70
Q

What is the relative formula mass of ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3? (small 4 and 3)

A

80

71
Q

What is element and example?

A

An element is a substance that is made entirely from one type of atom. Ex: Potassium .

72
Q

Give 3 examples of elements.

A

hydrogen, oxygen, carbon

73
Q

What is the periodic table symbol for the element sodium?

A

Na

74
Q

What is the symbol for Magnesium?

A

Mg

75
Q

Which of the following defines the identity of an element?

A

Number of protons

76
Q

Name this element? : Be

A

Beryllium

77
Q

You can separate all mixtures by filtration. (True - False)

A

False

78
Q

Would it be possible to have a mixture made of all carbon atoms and compounds with only carbon atoms?

A

Yes

79
Q

All mixtures are defined as “heterogeneous.” (True - False)

A

False

80
Q

Mixtures are generally separated by what methods?

(Physical - Chemical) ?

A

Physical

Double Chemistry (1 decks)

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