Y Lecture 6: Bacterial and Viral Vaccines

Question 1

What is the equation for herd immunity threshold?

Answer 1

1 - 1/R0

Question 2

Recall 3 vaccines that are made up of inactivated virus components

Answer 2

Mnemoninc: Inactivated Components of Pathogen
Influenza
Cholera
Polio

Question 3

Recall some pros and cons of inactivated vaccines

Answer 3

Pros: stable, can’t cause disease

Cons: need several doses, local reactions are common, short-lived immunity, an adjuvant is needed

Question 4

Recall 2 examples of live attenuated vaccines

Answer 4

MMR

Yellow fever

Question 5

Recall some pros and cons of attenuated vaccines

Answer 5

Pros: longer-lasting immunity - injection of whole pathogen means there can also be reaction to >1 antigen

Cons: Can revert to virulence

Question 6

Recall 2 examples of toxoid vaccines

Answer 6

Tetanus

Diptheria

Question 7

Recall 2 examples of subunit vaccines

Answer 7

Hep B

HPV

Question 8

What type of vaccine is the HiB vaccine?

Answer 8

Conjugate