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111 > Xray Tube > Flashcards

Xray Tube Flashcards

1
Q
  • main components of xray machines
A
  1. control console
  2. high-voltage section
  3. xray tube
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2
Q
  • produces xray
  • 2 electrodes : anode, cathod
  • evacuated glass bulb with positive and negative electrodes
A

Xray Tube

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3
Q

External Components

A
  1. protective housing
  2. glass / metal enclosure
  3. support system
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4
Q
  • guards against excessive radiation exposure
  • protect against accidental electric shock
  • provides mechanical support
A

Protective Housing

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5
Q
  • spreads everywhere, equal in all directions
A

Isotopic

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6
Q
  • reduces the identity of leakage of radiation
A

1 milligrate at a distance of 1 meter from the surface

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7
Q
  • maintains vacuum inside the tube
  • early xray - crookes - not vacuum
  • modern xray - coolidge - vacuum
A

Metal / Glass Enclosure

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8
Q
  • glass enclosure is relatively large ___
A

30-50 cm long, 20cm in diameter

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9
Q
  • it can withstand heat
  • “boro silicate”
A

Pyrex

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10
Q
  • tube failure
A

Tube Arcing

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11
Q

Internal Components

A
  1. Cathode
  2. Anode
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12
Q
  • negative side of the tube
  • filament and focusing cup
A

Cathode

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13
Q
  • produces a thermionic cloud (electrons)
  • accelerates the e- towards the anode
  • focuses the electron stream
A

Focusing Cup

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14
Q
  • small coilf of thin thoriated tungsten wire
  • 0.1-.02mm thick ; 1-2cm long ; 2mm diameter
  • when heated, emits electron
A

Filament

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15
Q
  • outer shell electrons of the filament atoms are “boiled off” and ejected from the filament
A

Thermionic Emission

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16
Q
  • enhance thermionic emission___
A

add 1-2% thorium

17
Q
  • shallow depression in the cathode assembly designed to house the filament
  • made of nickel purpose to narrow down the thermionic cloud
  • negatively charged so it electrostatically confines the electron beam
A

Focusing Cup

18
Q
  • positive side of the xray tube
    1. target surface for the high-voltage electrons from filament
    2. conducts high voltage from the cathode back to xray generator
    3. primary thermal conductor
A

Anode

19
Q
  • high capacity xray tubes have___
A

molybdenum or graphite layers under tungsten target

20
Q

Tungsten 74

A
  1. high atomic number
  2. thermal conductivity
  3. high melting point (3410°C)
21
Q
  • stationary
  • made up of copper
  • mechanically supports tubgsten target
  • removes het efficiently from the tungsten heart
A

Copper Block

22
Q
  • rotational
  • made of molybdenum
  • reduce thermal conductivity
A

Anode Stem

23
Q
  • rotating
  • electromagnetic induction motor is used to turn the anode
  • stator - part outside
  • rotor - part inside
A

Induction Motor

111 (9 decks)

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