X-ray Production

Question 1

The quantity of x-ray photons is known as

Answer 1

Number or amount

Question 2

The penetrating characteristic of the x-ray beam is known as

Answer 2

Quality

Question 3

What is the prime controller of quantity?

Answer 3

mAs

Question 4

What is the prime controller of quality?

Answer 4

kVp

Question 5

How many protons are needed for AP lumbar?

Answer 5

Generally used between 80 to 85 sometimes 90 depending on the equipment

Question 6

How much more protons does lateral lumbar spine need?

Answer 6

10 to 15 more KV because of more tissue

Question 7

Increasing the MAS will cause a ___ in the number of electrons?

Answer 7

Increase

Question 8

Decreasing the MAS will cause a _____ the number of electrons?

Answer 8

Decrease

Question 9

Increasing the KV will ____ the penetrating ability of the x-ray beam.

Answer 9

Increase

Question 10

Increasing the KV will _____ the quantity of the x-ray beam

Answer 10

Increase

Question 11

Increasing the KV will ___ the quality of the x-ray beam

Answer 11

Increase

Question 12

Doubling mAs =

Answer 12

Doubling electrons

Question 13

Halfing mAs =

Answer 13

Halfing electrons

Question 14

Increasing KVP…

Answer 14

Increases potential difference between anode and cathode, which increases
1) kinetic energy and speed of electrons
2) number of interactions that occur in the anode
3) the number and energy (quality) photons produced

Question 15

Increase 15% KVP =

Answer 15

Double photons

Question 16

Decrease 15% KVP =

Answer 16

Halfing photons

Question 17

Time, mAs & mA control the ____ of the x-ray beam

Answer 17

Quantity

Question 18

KV controls the ___ of the x-ray beam

Answer 18

Quantity and quality

Question 19

The kilovoltage peak (kVp) of the exposure is the ____ possible energy for any photon that exits the x-ray tube

Answer 19

Maximum

Question 20

The average energy of the x-ray beam is about ___ to ___% of the kVp

Answer 20

30-40

Question 21

What does emission spectrum demonstrate?

Answer 21

Number of x-ray photons, and their energies

Question 22

What does the Y axis indicate on emission spectrum chart?

Answer 22

Number or quantity of x-ray photons

Question 23

What does the X axis demonstrate on the emission spectrum chart?

Answer 23

Energy or quality of x-ray photons

Question 24

The target interaction that produced the x-ray photons consist of less than ____% of the total kinetic energy of the incident electrons

Answer 24

1%

Question 25

Over ___% of the kinetic energy of incident electrons is converted to heat

Answer 25

99%

Question 26

The energy required to move an electron from its orbit is called

Answer 26

Binding energy

Question 27

What are the two types of target interactions with electrons that can produce diagnostic range x-ray photons?

Answer 27

Bremsstrahlung Interactions
Characteristic Interactions

Question 28

In the x-ray tube, most x-rays are produced by

Answer 28

Bremsstrahlung (Brem’s)

Question 29

Which of the interactions involves an interaction with the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 29

Bremsstrahlung

Question 30

Which of the interactions has photons emitted that have an energy that is the difference between the entering and exiting kinetic energy of the electron?

Answer 30

Bremsstrahlung

Question 31

True or false? A single incident electron can cause numerous interactions in many different atoms before losing enough energy to become included in the current flow?

Answer 31

True

Question 32

True or False? A single incident electron can cause a variety of interactions in many different atoms before losing enough energy energy to become included in the current flow?

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Which of the interactions involves ionization?

Answer 33

Characteristic

Question 34

The energy of characteristic x-ray photons admitted from the x-ray tube is equal to the

Answer 34

Difference between the binding energies of the outer and inner shells between which the electron dropped

Question 35

What is the process called in characteristic interactions when an outer shell electron has dropped to fill the “hole” and so on until only the admiral shell is missing an electron

Answer 35

Characteristic cascade

Question 36

In characteristic interactions only electron drops into the ___ she will produce photons within the diagnostic x-ray range

Answer 36

K

Question 37

True or False? Characteristic interactions can occur when electrons interact outer shell electrons.

Answer 37

False (inner shell)

Question 38

Unlike bremsstrahlung photons characteristic photons are

Answer 38

Predictable and measurable independent the type of target material

Question 39

In order to produce x-rays, the electrons inside the x-ray tube must travel about ____ miles per second

Answer 39

93,000

Question 40

When electrons accelerate across the x-ray tube, they interact within ___ to ___ mm of the surface of the target

Answer 40

0.25 - 0.50

Question 41

What is the atomic number for tungsten?

Answer 41

74

Question 42

In the x-ray tube characteristic photons will not compromise any of the useful beam until the KVP is above ____ because removal of the case electron from tungsten requires ___ keV

Answer 42

70
69.5

Question 43

Inside the x-ray tube incident electrons often experience ___ or more interactions because they are conducted through the anode

Answer 43

1,000