Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

RT111 > X-RAY > Flashcards

X-RAY Flashcards

1
Q

makes the screen resistant to abrasion and damage caused by handling; helps eliminate build-up of static electricity

A

PROTECTIVE COATING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

heart of x-ray film which contains the gelatin and silver halide crystals; where x-rays and light photons from IS interacts

A

EMULSION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

this is where image is formed and stored which should not be exposed to any kind of light

A

SILVER HALIDE CRYSTAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

type of fog when exposed to chemicals

A

CHEMICAL FOG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

type of fog when exposed to white light

A

LIGHT FOG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

type of fog when the x-ray films expired

A

AGE FOG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

type of fog when exposed to white light

A

LIGHT FOG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

protective covering of gelatin enclosing the emulsion

A

ADHESIVE LAYER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

thickest part of x-ray film which serves as a support for the active phosphor layer

A

BASE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the unobservable image stored in the silver halide emulsion

A

LATENT/INVISIBLE IMAGE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

observable image formed when latent image undergoes proper chemical processing

A

MANIFEST IMAGE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

x-ray film sizes

A

8x10; 10x12; 11x14; 14x14; 14x17

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

first stage of processing; swells emulsion for subsequent chemical penetration

A

WETTING (MANUAL: 15s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

conversion of latent image to visible image

A

DEVELOPING (MANUAL: 5mins; AUTOMATIC: 22s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

removes excess chemical from the emulsion

A

RINSING (MANUAL: 30s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

removes remaining silver halide from emulsion and hardens gelatin which makes the image permanent

A

FIXING (MANUAL: 15mins; AUTOMATIC: 22s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

removes the fixer solution

A

WASHING (MANUAL: 20 mins; AUTOMATIC: 20s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

removes water and prepares radiograph for viewing

A

DRYING (MANUAL: 30mins; AUTOMATIC: 26s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

reducing agent which produces shades of gray rapidly

A

PHENIDONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

reducing agent which produces black tones slowly

A

HYDROQUINONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the chemical used in the activator under developer solution which swells the gelatin and produces alkalinity

A

SODIUM CARBONATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the chemical in the restrainer used as an anti-fog agent which protects unexposed crystals from chemical attack

A

POTASSIUM BROMIDE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

this component of developer solution which contains sodium sulfide that controls oxidation and maintains balance among developer components

A

PRESERVATIVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

this component of developer solution that uses glutaraldehyde controls emulsion swelling and enhances the archival quality

A

HARDENER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the chemical used on the developing solution’s sequestering agent which removes metallic impurities

A

CHELATES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

the universal solvent used to dissolve chemicals and other components of the solutions

A

WATER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

component under fixer solution that uses acetic acid which neutralizes stops the action of developer

A

ACTIVATOR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

the chemical used in the fixing agent of fixer solution that removes undeveloped silver bromide from emulsion

A

AMMONIUM THIOSULFATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

this chemical under fixer solution stiffens and shrinks the emulsion

A

POTASSIUM ALUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

this chemical in the preservative maintains the chemical balance in the fixer solution

A

SODIUM SULFITE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

this component uses acetate to maintain proper pH

A

BUFFER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

chemicals used in this sequestering agent removes the aluminum ions

A

BORIC ACID AND SALTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

this occurs when the action of 2 agents working together is greater than the sum of action of each agent working independently

A

SYNERGISM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

this refers to the permanence of the radiograph wherein the image does not deteriorate with age but remains in its original state

A

ARCHIVAL QUALITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

film development is governed by these three physical characteristics

A

TIME, TEMPERATURE, CONCENTRATION (OF THE DEVELOPER)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

phosphor have high atomic number = high x-ray absorption

A

DETECTIVE QUANTUM EFFICIENCY (DQE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

phosphor to emit large amount of light per x-ray absorption

A

CONVERSION EFICIENCY (CE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

light emitted must be of proper wavelength to match sensitivity of x-ray film

A

SPECTRAL MATCHING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

this is an atom which has too many or too few e- and has electron charge

A

ION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

atoms that are fixed in the crystal lattice

A

SILVER (Ag+), BROMINE (Br-), IODINE (I-)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

these are the impurities of the fixer solution

A

ALUMINUM IONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

the heart of the x-ray machine that is enclosed in a protective housing

A

X-RAY TUBE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

3 principal parts of every imaging system

A

X-RAY TUBE, OPERATING CONSOLE & HIGH-VOLTAGE GENERATOR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

the 2 main internal parts of x-ray tube

A

ANODE & CATHODE

45
Q

this process prolongs the life of x-ray tube

A

HEAT DISSIPATION

46
Q

a kind of anode that does not only produce x-ray but also produces thermal energy

A

ROTATING ANODE

47
Q

a kind of anode that is quick to tube failure

A

STATIONERY ANODE

48
Q

this undergoes the process of electromagnetic induction which allows the rotors to rotate

A

ROTOR ASSEMBLY

49
Q

the reduction of intensity of x-ray films because of the composition of the structure

A

ATTENUATION

50
Q

when x-ray beam interacts with the body, low energy x-rays will be absorbed

A

ABSORPTION

51
Q

characteristic of x-ray wherein high energy x-rays penetrate when x-ray beams interacts with the body

A

PENETRATION

52
Q

an external component of the the x-ray tube that reduces the intensity of leakage radiation

A

PROTECTIVE HOUSING

53
Q

this component maintains the vacuum inside the x-ray tube

A

GLASS OR METAL ENCLOSURE

54
Q

an area of the glass/metal enclosure where useful beam of x-rays are emitted

A

X-RAY TUBE WINDOW

55
Q

the glass enclosure is made from this type of material in order to withstand the tremendous heat generated by the x-ray tube

A

PYREX GLASS

56
Q

a type of radiation that escape through the protective housing

A

LEAKAGE RADIATION

57
Q

this is the negative side of the x-ray tube

58
Q

an internal component made of thoriated tungsten and emits e- when heated

59
Q

this is where filament is embedded and is negatively charged to confine the e- beam to a small area of anode

A

FOCUSING CUP

60
Q

this is a low current that passes through the filament to warm and prepare it for the thermal jolt necessary for x-ray production

A

FILAMENT CURRENT

61
Q

the positive side of the x-ray tube

62
Q

these are the cloud of e- around the filament

A

SPACE CHARGE

63
Q

phenomenon that makes it difficult for subsequent e- to be emitted by the filament because of electrostatic repulsion

A

SPACE CHARGE EFFECT

64
Q

three functions of the anode in an x-ray tube

A

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR, MECHANICAL SUPPORT, & THERMAL DISSIPATER

65
Q

this is the area of anode that is struck by the e- from the cathode

66
Q

consists of tungsten alloy embedded in the copper anode

A

STATIONARY ANODE TUBES

67
Q

a kind of anode wherein the entire rotating disk is the target

A

ROTATING ANODE TUBE

68
Q

this is the material of choice for the target

69
Q

three primary reasons why W is the material of choice for target

A

HIGH ATOMIC NUMBER, THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, & HIGH MELTING POINT

70
Q

this is used to rotate or turn the anode of the rotating anode tube

A

INDUCTION MOTOR

71
Q

this is a principal part of induction motor placed outside the glass or metal enclosure which consists of series of electromagnets equally spaced around the neck of the tube

72
Q

a shaft made of bars of copper and soft iron fabricated into one mass and is placed inside the glass/metal enclosure

73
Q

this is a design incorporated into x-ray tube targets to allow a large area for heating while a small focal spot is maintained

A

LINE-FOCUS PRINCIPLE

74
Q

this is the area of the target from which the x-rays are emitted

A

FOCAL SPOT

75
Q

a light proof container that contains the radiographic film and radiographic intensifying screens

76
Q

this serves as a mechanical support for the active phosphor layer

A

BASE OF CASSETTE

77
Q

made of shiny substance and intercepts light that is headed in other directions and redirects it back to the film

A

REFLECTIVE LAYER

78
Q

this is the energy emitted an transferred through matter

79
Q

this is present everywhere and exist over a wide energy range such as x-rays and light

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

80
Q

the smallest quantity of any type of EMR and have no mass and no charge

81
Q

this occupies the smallest segment of EMR

A

VISIBLE LIGHT

82
Q

this comprises considerable portion of the EMR which have low energies and very long wavelength

A

RADIOFREQUENCY

83
Q

this is characterized by the energy contained in the photon

A

IONIZING RADIATION

84
Q

the ability of radiographic equipment to collimate automatically the x-ray beam to the same size as the image receptor resting in the Bucky tray

A

AUTOMATIC COLLIMATION

85
Q

a box-like structure attached to the x-ray tube containing lead shutters that limit the x-ray beam to a specific area of the body

A

COLLIMATOR

86
Q

differences in densities on a processed image

87
Q

opaqueness or degree of blackening on an area of the processed image

88
Q

a standard protocol used for blending PACS and various imaging modalities

A

DIGITAL IMAGING AND COMMUNICATIONS IN MEDICINE (DICOM)

89
Q

misrepresentation of the size or shape of the object as recorded in the radiographic image

A

DISTORTION

90
Q

this is a device placed b/w the patient and IR that absorbs scatter radiation exiting the body

91
Q

digital image made up of rows and columns of data

92
Q

distance from the part being examined to the device that is detecting the radiations

A

OBJECT-TO-IMAGE RECEPTOR DISTANCE (OID)

93
Q

the smallest component of matrix

94
Q

this is the digital manipulation of radiographic images after its acquisition by the computer

A

POST-PROCESSING IMAGE ENHANCEMENT

95
Q

distance from the source of radiation to the device that is detecting the radiation

A

SOURCE-TO-IMAGE RECEPTOR DISTANCE (SID)

96
Q

distance from the source of radiation to the part being examined

A

SOURCE-TO-OBJECT DISTANCE (SOD)

97
Q

this is the volume element or the section of tissue represented by a pixel

98
Q

the midpoint of densities in a digital image and is used to adjust digital image brightness

A

WINDOW LEVEL

99
Q

this is used to adjust the contrast of the digital image

A

WINDOW WIDTH

100
Q

this utilizes a doughnut-shaped machine to diagnose any abnormalities in the human body and provides cross-sectional view of the part of interest

A

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCAN (CT SCAN)

101
Q

this field of specialization utilizes a very high magnetic power and radiofrequency to produce images of the body

A

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI)

102
Q

this involves special radiographic examination of the blood vessels using x-ray machines incorporated with computers to enable deleting of bony structures that superimpose with the blood vessel of interest

A

DIGITAL SUBTRACTION ANGIOGRAPHY (DSA)

103
Q

this specialization uses small amount of radiopharmaceuticals to trace bodily processes and measure cellular and tissue challenges

A

POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY SCAN (PET SCAN)

104
Q

x-rays are produced when these fast moving electrons collide with matter in any form

A

PROJECTILE ELECTRON

105
Q

this is the result when electrons have sudden deceleration

A

X-RAY/X-RAY ENERGY/X-RADIATION

106
Q

when projectile e- collides with nucleus and slows down resulting to a shift in its direction

A

BREMSSTRRAHLUNG RADIATION

107
Q

when projectile e- interacts with the inner shell making the e- in the k-orbit to be ionized resulting to unstable atom, then outer shell e- will fill the vacancy in order to make the atom stable

A

CHARACTERISTIC RADIATION

108
Q

when projectile e- interact with outer-shell e- of target atoms and does not transfer energy but rather raises outer shell e- to an excited or higher energy level

A

ANODE HEAT

109
Q

this is the addition or removal of an orbital electron from an atom

A

IONIZATION

RT111 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions