WWll & The Cold War

Question 1

Munich Conference (Compare the views that Hitler and Chamberlain had on the verdict)

Answer 1

Hitler demanded that Germany be given the Sudetanland (Area in Northwestern Czechoslovakia with a large number of Germans). The conference was arranged in Munich, and Britain, France, Italy, and Germany attended. As a result German troops were allowed to occupy the Sudetanland. After the conference Hitler thought that the Western Powers were weak and wouldn’t enforce anything on him while Chamberlain went back and told his people that it meant peace for they time because Hitler promised he wouldn’t ask for anything else.

Question 2

What did Hitler do to Britain when they refused to surrender?

Answer 2

The Battle of Britain was in August 1940. Germany launched an air invasion with their air force called Luftwaffe. They bombed aid and naval bases, harbors, communication centers, and war industries. Although, Britain’s radar system gave early warning. In September Hitler authorized attacks on British cities however Britain rebounded quickly. By the end of September, Hitler postponed the Britain invasion indefinitely.

Question 3

Attack on Poland (Why did it stun Europe)?

Answer 3

The attack on Poland is known as Blitzkrieg meaning Lightening War. Poland surrendered on September 28 1939. It only took four weeks for Germany to conquer Poland.

Question 4

How many Jews died in the Holocaust?

Answer 4

6 million Jews died in the Holocaust- nearly 2/3 of all European Jews.

Question 5

Potsdam Conference

Answer 5

One of the two things to reshape Europe after WWll. This was in Berlin of July 1945. Truman, Stalin, and Churchill attended, they finalized plans on Germany, Japan surrendered, and Stalin established his control over Eastern Europe.

Question 6

5- Year Plan

Answer 6

Stalin’s 5-Year Plan was to transform Russia from an agricultural industry into an industrial industry.

Question 7

Kristallnacht

Answer 7

Meaning “The Night of Shattered Glass”. On this night the Nazi’s burned Jewish synagogues and destroyed thousands of Jewish businesses. One hundred Jews were killed, and 30,000 Jewish males were sent to concentration camps.

Question 8

Dawes Plan

Answer 8

The Dawes Plan reduced Germany’s reparations. It coordinated their payments with it’s ability to pay and granted a $200 million dollar loan to aid in Germany’s recovery. This opened the door to American investment.

Question 9

The Depression

Answer 9

An economic collapse. This began in the late 1920’s. The depression had two factors: a series of downturns in economies, and The U.S. Stock Market crash. Responses to the Stock Market were increased government activity in the economy, renewed interest in Marxism, and the leading of people to follow dictators.

Question 10

Why did Germans accept Hitler and the Nazi’s?

Answer 10

Germans accepted Hitler and the Nazi’s because everybody took part in the depression, and many right-winged elites looked to Hitler for leadership.

Question 11

Nuremberg Laws

Answer 11

The Nuremberg laws excluded Jews from German citizenship, marriage between Jews and Germans was forbidden, Jews had to always wear a yellow star of David and carry an identification card saying that they are Jewish.

Question 12

Sudetanland

Answer 12

An area in North Western Czechoslovakia that was greatly occupied by Germans.

Question 13

Explain what happened after Hitler invaded Poland?

Answer 13

On September 28, 1939 Germany and the Soviet Union divided Poland, and France and Britain declared war on Germany which began World War II.

Question 14

Blitzkrieg

Answer 14

Lightening war in Poland. Poland surrendered in September 28, 1939.

Question 15

Pearl Harbor

Answer 15

On December 7, 1941 the Japanese attacked the US naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. They hoped to destroy the American naval fleet in the Pacific. The US declared war on Japan on December 8, 1941 and four days after Pearl Harbor, Germany declared war on the United States.

Question 16

Battle of Midway

Answer 16

This battle was in June of 1942, and it was the turning point of war in Asia. It was led by Admiral Chester Nimitz. The US established naval superiority in the Pacific.

Question 17

Adolf Hitler

Answer 17

Adolf Hitler was born in 1889 in Austria. He spent his early life as a failed art student in Vienna, was an avid reader, and he was strongly influenced by Social Darwinism. When World War I began Hitler was in Munich, and he volunteered for the German army. He received an Iron Cross twice for his bravery. The shock of Germany’s defeat intensified his commitment to racial Communism. He believed that Germany must acquire territory by expanding Eastward. After World War I Hitler remained in Germany and entered politics. In 1919 he joined an extreme Nationalist Party-by 1921 he was the leader of it which he then called the Nazi party. In 1923 he staged an uprising that sent him to jail where he wrote Mein Kampf. By 1929 people looked to him for leadership. In March of 1933 he had unlimited dictatorial authority, and no political parties but The Nazi’s were allowed.

Question 18

Anti-Semitism

Answer 18

The discrimination against Jews.

Question 19

The Holocaust

Answer 19

The killing of 6 million Jews. A war of extermination to wipe out an entire race. This was Hitler’s “Final Solution”. The concentration camps started in 1933.

Question 20

Yalta Conference

Answer 20

Another thing to help reshape Europe after World War II. The Yalta Agreement was signed in February of 1945 by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin. This created the United Nations and broke Germany into four.

Question 21

The Battle of Stalingrad

Answer 21

The battle between Germany and the Russians. It was one of the worst wars taking place from November 1942- February 1943. Germany’s 6th Army was to surrender.

Question 22

Appeasement

Answer 22

The belief that if European states satisfied that the reasonable demands of unsatisfied powers that the unsatisfied powers would be content.

Question 23

Facism

Answer 23

Glorifies the state above the individual. Their motto is Credere! (to believe) Obbedire! (To obey) and Combattere! (To fight). Fascism celebrated nationalism and emphasizes the need for a strong central government led by a dictator. This creates a Totalitarian State.

Question 24

Winston Churchill

Answer 24

The prime minister of Britain.

Question 25

Collectivization

Answer 25

A system in which private forums are eliminated and peasants worked for land owned by the government.

Question 26

Totalitarian

Answer 26

The party-state determines what people should believe.

i.e. Germany

Question 27

Einsatzgruppen

Answer 27

The SS that is responsible for Hitler’s “Final Solution”. The death of nearly 1 million Jews although considered “too slow” for Nazi standards. A special strike force that involved mobile killing units that helped with the extermination of Jews. This process was to round up Jews in villages, execute them, and bury them in mass graves.

Question 28

Treaty of Versailles (Did Hitler believe the Western Powers would enforce it)?

Answer 28

The Treaty of Versailles created new boundaries and left nations unhappy, especially Germany. This helped lead to economic problems in Europe. Hitler didn’t think the Western Powers would enforce it.