WWII

Question 1

Appeasement

Answer 1

giving in to the demands of an aggressor in order to keep the peace

Question 2

Blitzkrieg

Answer 2

”lighting war”

-used tank and air power technology to strike against the enemy

Question 3

Neutrality

Answer 3

a policy of supporting neither side in a war

- Neutrality Acts were passed by the U.S. to prevent them from being in WWII.

Question 4

Vichy France

Answer 4

Germans set up a “puppet state” in the capital, Vichy

Question 5

Island-hopping

Answer 5

goal: Allied strategy of recapturing some Japanese-held islands while bypassing others.

Question 6

Fascism

Answer 6

any authoritarian government that is not communist, glorifies the state over individuals and strips people of basic human rights
-Basically Hitler’s Germany

Question 7

D-Day (Date + What happened?)

Answer 7

Date : June 6, 1944
What Happened? Allied Forces invaded France
-Allied Forces had to fight their way to shore amid grenades, mines, and rapid gunfire

Question 8

Genocide

Answer 8

the deliberate and systematic killing of people who belong to particular minority groups (Holocaust)

Question 9

Holocaust

Answer 9

• “Final Solution to the Jewish Solution”

- the campaign of genocide against German Jews and other minorities in Europe

Question 10

Aggression

Answer 10

How Mussolini, Hitler, and Japanese militarists behaved when they saw the desire for peace as weakness

Question 11

Manhattan Project

Answer 11

code name for the project to build the first atomic bomb during WWII
-July 1945- first successful atomic bomb was tested in Alamogordo, New Mexico

Question 12

Big Three

Answer 12

Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin → agreed to focus on finishing the war in Europe

Question 13

Erwin Rommel

Answer 13

known as “The Desert Fox”
Hitler’s most brilliant commanders
Pushed Britain back across the desert
Brought successes in 1941 and 1942 in North Africa
Took his own life after a failed attempt to assassinate Hitler

Question 14

Harry Truman

Answer 14

33rd president after FDR

Made the decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan→ believed that it would bring the war to a quicker end

Question 15

Neville Chamberlain

Answer 15

Prime minister in England
Considered weak
Marches into Austria and takes over
Meets Hitler at Munich→ Munich Conference

Question 16

Charles de Gualle

Answer 16

French army officer → carried on resistance for the French during the war
Led French officers

Question 17

Franklin Roosevelt

Answer 17

32 President of the U.S.
President during WWII
-present at the Atlantic Charter in 1941

Question 18

Winston Churchill

Answer 18

New Prime minister in England
Was the Prime minister during the War → After, England gets rid of him
Warned of Nazi threat →predicted war in Europe
-Also present at the Atlantic Charter

Question 19

Dwight Eisenhower

Answer 19

took control over a joint Britain and American force in Morocco and Algeria
Commanded Allied Forces in Western Europe

Question 20

Dunkirk

Answer 20

port in France where 300,000 Allied troops were evacuated

- their retreat was cut off by German soldiers in 1940

Question 21

Guernica

Answer 21

a small Spanish market town

April 1937 → German planes dropped bombs on the city and soldiers killed anyone who survived.

Question 22

Nuremberg

Answer 22

Nuremberg Trials- series of war crime trials held in Germany –> 200 Germans and Austrians were tried.

Question 23

Hiroshima

Answer 23

On August 6, 1945, →The U.S. dropped the first atomic bomb on the Japanese city, Hiroshima. → killed ≈ 70,000 people

Question 24

Nagasaki

Answer 24

On August 9, 1945, →The U.S. dropped the second atomic bomb on the Japanese city, Nagasaki. → killed ≈ 40,000 people

Question 25

Midway

Answer 25

Aircraft War between Japan and the Allied powers → Americans won in June 1942

Question 26

Phillipine Islands

Answer 26

Japan bombed the islands after the Pearl Harbor attack
Bataan Death March took place . → the forced march of Filipinos and American soldiers who surrendered to the Japanese military

Question 27

Sudetenland

Answer 27

The old Czech Republic
annexed to Germany
Hitler persuaded the Czechs to surrender Sudetenland → Hitler promised Britain and France that he would not expand his territory
Munich Conference

Question 28

Where was the ‘dress rehearsal’ for WWII?

Answer 28

In Guernica (The Spanish Civil War)

Question 29

Which nation suffered the highest number of casualties in WWII?

Answer 29

The Soviet Union with 20 million dead

Question 30

Where and when (mo/da/yr) did WWII officially begin in Europe?

Answer 30

WWII began in Poland when Germany invaded it on September 1, 1939.

Question 31

Where and when (mo/da/yr) did the War in the Pacific officially begin?

Answer 31

December 7 or 8, 1941 in the Pacific

Question 32

Where and when (mo/da/yr) did the invasion of France begin by the Allies?

Answer 32

June 6, 1944 in Normandy, France

Question 33

Which major nations were Axis and which were Allied?

Answer 33

Axis: Germany, Italy, and Japan
Allied: Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union

Question 34

What were the purpose and outcomes of the Atlantic Charter? Who signed it and where did they meet?

Answer 34

Purpose: set goals for the defeat of Nazi Germany and the postwar world
Outcomes:
-nation’s right to choose their own government, and general security
Who signed it? FDR and Churchill
Where did they meet? On a warship in the Atlantic

Question 35

Who are the 5 permanent members of the Security Council and what power do each of these have over decisions?

Answer 35

5 permanent members of the Security Council: United States, Soviet Union (Russia),Britain, France, and China
Power: they could veto council decisions

Question 36

Describe 5 outcomes of WWII.

Answer 36

Soviet Union, Japan, China, and Poland are in ruins.
Killed numerous amounts of people (≈ 50 million people around the world)
Clarity on the conditions of Auschwitz and the concentration/death camps (full understanding of how Jews were treated)
Nuremberg Trials- 200 Germans and Austrians were tried for war crimes
Nazis received death sentences or were imprisoned
United Nations

Question 37

Cold War

Answer 37

From 1945-1991
- a struggle over political differences carried on by means short of military action or war
how to fight: foreign aid, espionage (spying), alliance, and propaganda