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Gr 10 History > WWI Terms > Flashcards

WWI Terms Flashcards

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0
Q

France

A

Country to the southwest of Germany, who entered ww1 when Germany declared war on them. They fought with Germany the most, which made them have very ill feelings towards, and bring about the Treaty of Versailles. Part of the Triple Entente

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1
Q

Mont Blanc

A

Ship carrying explosives which collided with the Imo on December 6, 1917, at 9:05am.

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2
Q

Austria-Hungary

A

Country to the southeast of Germany, who divided and lost the most land, as well as ceased to exist to due economic and political collapse. The fought with the triple alliance. When their archduke franz Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by Gavrillo principe, they declared war on Serbia.

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3
Q

Neutrality

A

Not partaking in any conflicts or alliances with other countries.

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4
Q

Armistice

A

L’armistice was a cease fire that ended the fighting, signed on November 11, 1918, at 11:00, on a train car at compeigne France.

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5
Q

Mobilize

A

Call troops to action and organize for war

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6
Q

Zimmerman note

A

A German telegram intercepted by British intelligence that stated that Germany would ally with Mexico to prevent the U.S. From entering the war and in return would give back the states the U.S. Stole-new Mexico, Arizona and Texas. Also said Germany would pursue naval war with US, and it angered the U.S. Who was already upset about Lusitania. Apr 6, 1917, the U.S. Entered the war.

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7
Q

Manfred Von Richthofen

A

The Red Baron. German fighter pilot, considered the top ace of the war.

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8
Q

Front line

A

The closest positions of an armed forces personnel and equipment.

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9
Q

Suffrage

A

The right to vote and hold elected office

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10
Q

Russia

A

Large country to the east of Germany and Austria Hungary, left the war when tsar Nicholas II abdicated from the throne. They were in the middle of a revolution for the remainder of the war. Fought with the triple entente.

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11
Q

Nationalism

A

Being a strong supporter of the rights and interests of ones country.

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12
Q

Trench foot

A

When the feet swell and go completely dead. Intolerable agony begins if swelling starts going down. Many men had legs and feet amputated. It was caused by standing for hours in a waterlogged trench, and could be prevented by frequently changing socks and wearing waterproof footwear

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13
Q

Halifax explosion

A

December 6, 1917, the Imo and Mont Blanc collided in the Halifax harbour at 9:05am. The Mont Blanc was carrying explosives, and the resulting explosion was the largest until the dropping of the atomic bomb. 2000 killed, 9000 injured.

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14
Q

Billy bishop

A

Canada’s top wartime ace, he shot down 72 enemy planes and was awarded the Victoria Cross

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15
Q

Imo

A

Ship that collided with the Mont Blanc in the Halifax Harbour on December 6, 1917, at 9:05am

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16
Q

Sam Hughes

A

Canada’s Minister of Militia, kept the army together, was known for the Ross Rifle scandal.

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17
Q

Vimy ridge

A

April 1917, Canadian Corps were given the job to seize the ridge, which Germany had a strong hold of. Britain and France had already failed. The strategy was preparatory bombardment for two weeks, and then a creeping barrage. 3598 Canadians killed. The Canadians used their own strategy and it was the first time they had fought together as a single unit. Symbol of the birth of Canadian pride and awareness.

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18
Q

Flying coffin

A

An airplane. Many died in them.

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19
Q

Britain

A

Country north of France. Part of the triple entente. Had a poor economy when the war ended.

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20
Q

Short term causes

A

Events that happened quickly, sparks that lit the fire.
Archduke franz Ferdinand, heir to Austria Hungary throne, and wife were assassinated June 28, 1914 by Gavrillo principe (black hand) Austria wants right to punish Serbs
Empires franz Joseph of AU declares war on Serbia. July 28
Russia announced mobilization of forces as an ally of Serbia on July 31 and Germany wants peace from them and France
Aug 1 Germany declares war on Russia
Aug 3 Germany declares war on France
Aug 4 Germany declares war on neutral Belgium, so Britain declares war on Germany
Aug 6 AU declares war on Russia

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21
Q

Italy

A

Country below Switzerland, between France and AU. Originally with triple alliance, but switched sides in 1915. Collapsed economy at the end of the war.

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22
Q

Military Service Act

A

Forced conscription of men aged 18-45. Exemptions were made for people who were working in jobs helping the war, conscientious objectors, and working jobs that requires special qualifications. French Canadians did not like this because it was an”English war” and they hated the British even more than they already did.

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23
Q

Ross rifle

A

Wasn’t very useful, it was long and heavy. Sam Hughes made profit and was fired.

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24
Q

Germany

A

Surrounded by AU, Russia, Belgium, France, Switzerland. Was part of triple alliance. Blamed for the start of the war, lost land at end and had poor economy.

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25
Q

Attrition

A

Wearing down the enemy slowly

26
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

June 1919
4 main points - war guilt clause so Germany had to take full responsibility for war. Reparations so Germany had to pay for all damages ($33 billion). Military restrictions so Germany could only have 100000men army and no air/navy. Territory restrictions so Europe was redrawn and Germany lost all territories and colonies gained, split into two by Polish corridor, Poland, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia, and Czechloslovakia were created. New countries recognized included the above, plus Yugoslavia and Finland.

27
Q

IODE

A

Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire

An organization dedicated to supporting the British empire and Canada during the world war

28
Q

League of Nations

A

Part of Woodrow Wilsons fourteen points, similar to the United Nations.

29
Q

Reparations

A

Money given to countries to repay for damages and losses caused. Germany paid all war reparations, totalling $33billion.

30
Q

Black Hand

A

Serbian organization, Gavrillo Principe, responsible for assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

31
Q

Imperialism

A

When a country takes over new lands or countries and makes them subject to their rule.

32
Q

Robert Borden

A

Canadian Prime minister in WWII (1916). He convinced Canada to join the war, he wanted a voice in the war.

33
Q

Arthur currie

A

(CEF) commanded the First Canadian Division. Commanded at Vimy Ridge. A General.
CEF is Canadian Expiditionary Forces.

34
Q

Triple Alliance

A

War alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and The Ottoman Empire (Turkey).

35
Q

Propaganda

A

Efforts made to support a cause or view, usually by distorting or exaggerating facts.

36
Q

Conscription

A

Canada relied on voluntary enlistment. Enlistments went from 9000 to 4000 in one year. The number of enlistments went down and the number of casualties went up.

37
Q

Gavrillo Principe

A

The Black Hand. He assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinanand and his wife, the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary.

38
Q

Soldiers Settlement Act

A

Soldiers received land and money from the government for their war efforts. Disabled soldiers recieved pensions and many men were left unemployed.

39
Q

Machine gun

A

Guns were the main weapon in the war, and machine guns had rapid fire. They were the most effective weapon because they killed at a higher rate. They needed 4-6 men to work them and had to be on a flat surface. They had the fire-power of 100 guns.

40
Q

No mans land

A

The area between the opposing arms front line trenches that was filled with mud. It was a deadly area

41
Q

Triple entente

A

Alliance between Britain, France, and Russia, in the world war.

42
Q

Censorship

A

It was censoring certain facts or ideas from propaganda posters. It was always considered when making these posters.

43
Q

Fourteen points

A

Made by Woodrow Wilson as potential ideas for peace after the war. Only two were accepted. Germany thought them to be fair, and historians believe that if these were accepted the world would be more peaceful today. Some points were freedom of the seas, fewer weapons in the world, all countries rule themselves, a “league of nations”, and an independent polish state

44
Q

Franz Ferdinand

A

Archduke of Austria-Hungary and heir to the throne. Murdered along with his wife by Gavrillo principe on june28, 1914

45
Q

Communications trench

A

Trenches between the front line trenches and the support trenches, used by messengers to relay messages to the front line and back.

46
Q

Sandbag

A

A bag filled with sand to protect the trench from flooding and the men from bullets

47
Q

Sump

A

A channel at the bottom of the trench to allow water to drain away.

48
Q

Trench block

A

A block of barbed wire and wooden obstacles to stop any enemy soldier from advancing through the trench system.

49
Q

Wire break

A

A break in the barbed wire to allow soldiers out into no mans land

50
Q

Bunker

A

An underground shelter. Often used for storage

51
Q

Annex

A

To take over another country

52
Q

Blockade

A

Blocking supplies or closing access

53
Q

Conscription

A

Compulsory enlistment - draft

54
Q

Enfranchisement

A

Gaining the right to vote

55
Q

Shell shock

A

Psychological disturbances caused by long exposure.

56
Q

Valcartier

A

Canadian military training camp

57
Q

Newfoundland regiment

A

Primary reserve infantry of Canadian army. Suffered great losses at the battle of the Somme, lost 700 men in 30 mins at Beaumont hamel

58
Q

John mccrae

A

Leiutenant colonel, wrote the poem in Flanders fields

59
Q

Roy brown

A

Canadian pilot who shot down manfred Von Richthofen, the Red Baron

60
Q

Unterseeboten

A

Under-sea boat

61
Q

Union (coalition government)

A

The unionist party who supported the union government formed by sir Robert Borden

62
Q

Creeping barrage

A

Artillery tactic that effectively broke the stalemate

Large bombs fired and troops would advance while the enemy’s eyesight was obscured, repeat until victory

Gr 10 History (3 decks)

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