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US History (2022-2023) > WWI Review > Flashcards

WWI Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Payments that get made as punishments for bad behavior, like destroying countries and killing people

A

Reparations

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2
Q

Any kind of information that is designed to influence opinions or beliefs

A

Propaganda

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3
Q

Name of Wilson’s proposed peacekeeping organization, and precursor to the United Nations

A

League of Nations

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4
Q

Another word for spying, this act meant the government could throw you in person if you did suspicious things during the war

A

Espionage Act

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5
Q

General of the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe

A

John Pershing

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6
Q

Oversaw the propaganda branch of our government (CPI) when the war began

A

George Creel

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7
Q

Method used by US Navy to protect our ships traveling to Europe during WWI

A

Convoy system

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8
Q

Segment of our economy that Baruch’s WIB was designed to control by setting prices and quotas for production

A

Industry

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9
Q

Numbers of soldiers killed, wounded, or missing that skyrocketed during WWI because of deadly trench warfare

A

Casualties

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10
Q

Turkey, Bulgaria, Austria-Hungary, and Germany

A

Central Powers

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11
Q

Name of the organization that regulated agriculture during the war, headed by a future President

A

Food Administration

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12
Q

Teams of nations in Europe who promised to support and protect each other, it created a domino effect which brought the world into war

A

Alliance System

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13
Q

Name of the palace where the treaty ending WWI was signed, now the name of the treaty itself

A

Versailles

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14
Q

Deadly new weapon of WWI, meant individual soldiers could shoot and kill multiple enemies at one time, in rapid succession

A

Machine Gun

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15
Q

Idea that in order for a nation to have power it must have a strong, battle-ready military

A

Militarism

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16
Q

The countries who formed a team to oppose the Triple Alliance

A

Triple Entente

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17
Q

Hyper-patriotism, believing your nation is so great that no other nation matters or should have power

A

Nationalism

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18
Q

Big strong countries taking over smaller weaker countries

A

Imperialism

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19
Q

Assassin of Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie - without this guy, there might not have been WWI

A

Gavrilo Princip

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20
Q

Legislation that limited America’s freedom of speech during WWI

A

Sedition Act

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21
Q

The act that began our draft for soldiers in WWI

A

Selective Service Act

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22
Q

Nickname for the U.S. soldiers who fought in the trenches and won the war

A

Doughboys

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23
Q

President of the U.S. during WWI, who fought with Congress and nearly died from the struggle to bring peace to the world

A

Woodrow Wilson

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24
Q

Shift of much of African-American population from the rural south to the northern industrial urban areas

A

Great Migration

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25
Q

Germany’s scheming Foreign Minister whose telegram helped bring the U.S. into war

A

Zimmerman Note

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26
Q

Where most of the war was fought, even though no one could gain an advantage

A

Trenches

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27
Q

What was Woodrow Wilson’s peace proposal called

A

Fourteen Points

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28
Q

Another name for U-boat, the stealthy sea weapon that the Germans were known for

A

Submarines

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29
Q

This was signed on 11/11/1918, at 11:00 am, and caused the soldiers to put down their weapons and go home

A

Armistice

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30
Q

France, Russia, and England

A

Triple Entente

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31
Q

Germany, Italy, and Austria Hungary

A

Triple Alliance

32
Q

-Germany (1871) began to industrialize, especially their military and weapons
-Germany used this readiness to take over part of France (Alsace-Lorraine)

A

Militarism

33
Q
  1. Germany-strong nationalism
  2. Austria-Hungary wants to expand by taking Serbia, but they resist
  3. Archduke Franz Ferdinand go to negotiate but get assassinated
  4. Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
  5. Serbia alliance with Russia
    (Domino Effect)
A

Nationalism

34
Q

Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Serbia, Romania, Albania, Montenegro, Greece, and Portugal

A

Allied Powers

35
Q

What was the U.S. doing for 3 years while the rest of the world was at war?

A

The U.S remained neutral during the first years of the war

36
Q

Where was the majority of the war fought?

A

The Western Front in trenches

37
Q

Why was the majority of the war fought on the Western Front?

A

A stalemate had developed because defensive weapons were proven to be more deadly than offensive ones. As a result, they fought in trenches

38
Q

What were some of the new weapons and technologies invented during WWI?

A

*Machine guns
*Chlorine gas
*Airplanes
*Submarines
*Tanks and armed cars

39
Q

How did the U.S. get dragged into the war?
(4 things in progression)

A
  1. Germany’s invasion of neutral Belgium
  2. German submarines violate Neutral RIghts by sinking the Lusitania (British) and the Sussex (French)
  3. British blockade of Germany
  4. Zimmermann note
40
Q

How did the U.S. get ready to fight in WWI?

A

*passing of the National Defense Act
*passing of the Naval Construction Act
*passing of the Selective Service Act
*constructing a war economy
*propaganda (CPI)

41
Q

This act expanded the size of the army

A

National Defense Act

42
Q

This act ordered the building of more warships

A

Naval Construction Act

43
Q

The agency, headed by Bernard Baruch, determined what products industries would make, where those products went, and how much they would cost

A

War Industries Board

44
Q

Headed by George Creel, this agency wanted to convince Americans that the war effort was a just cause. They designed, printed, and distributed millions of posters that dramatized the needs of America and its allies

A

Committee on Public Information

45
Q

Headed by Herbert Hoover, this agency was responsible for setting prices high for wheat and other foodstuffs to encourage farmers to increase production. They also asked the people to conserve food as a patriotic gesture

A

Food Administration

46
Q

This agency sold war bonds, raise taxes, and set prices and quotas to high prices, to support the war effort

A

The U.S. government

47
Q

How did propaganda help our time in the war?

A

Propaganda helped earned widespread support for the Americana war effort

48
Q

How did propaganda hurt our time in the war?

A

Propaganda portrayed Germans as “ruthless conquerors,” which resulted in German Americans being discriminated

49
Q

How did the U.S. government change?

A

*Congress making way for the Sedition Act
*Congress passing the Espionage Act
*The Court said that First Amendment protections of speech do not apply during war

50
Q

The court case that ruled that there are times when the need for public order is so pressing that First Amendment protections of speech do not apply

A

Schenck v. US

51
Q

Which people were singled out for harassment and hostility?

A

German Americans

52
Q

What caused German Americans to be singled out?

A

Propaganda portrayed them as ruthless conquerors trying to take over the world
Nativism

53
Q

*Americans stopped teaching German in school
*Pressured to prove their loyalty to America by condemning the German government
*Giving up speaking German and reading German-language newspapers
*Harrassed, beaten, or even killed

A

Examples of German Americas singled out for harassment and hostility

54
Q

*Lost of workers in jobs that the soldiers once had
*The government encouraged the people to go to work in war industries, conserve food and other goods, and buy liberty bonds
*Women and African Americans joined the workforce

A

Effects when the U.S join the fighting in Europe

55
Q

The two long-lasting results of the social changes at home

A

*With the women proving that they could succeed in any type of job, regardless of difficulty or risk, they gained the right to vote
*Great Migration: With African Americans migrating to the North, they helped the country to make economic advancements, and helped grow small industrial towns

56
Q

When did U.S. soldiers begin helping the Allied Powers?

A

When John Pershing, commander of American forces in Europe, arrived in France in June 1917, with a small American force.
It was not until early 1918 that American troops began arriving in larger numbers

57
Q

How did the arrival of “doughboys” affect the ending of the war?

A

Helped the tired Allied troops to gain a military advantage (fresh troops) over the Germans, who were also tired. Also helped the Allies to win the war quicker

58
Q

What finally caused the Germans to give up the fight?

A

Armistice

59
Q

When was the Armistice signed

A

November 11, 1918, at 11:00 am, in a railway car in Compiegne France

60
Q

When did the U.S. finally sign the Versailles Treaty?

A

Since America disliked most of the ideas the Versailles Treaty proposed, they decided to not sign it

61
Q

*De-militarize
*Give up territory
*Pay reparations - $33 billion
*Accept the blame for WWI

A

The 4 things that Germany were required to do when the war ended

62
Q

List of terms for resolving World War I and future wars outlined by President Woodrow Wilson

A

Fourteen Points

63
Q

*Peace without victory
*Open diplomacy
*Freedom of seas and free trade
*Move toward ending colonialism
*Self-determination
*Creation of the League of Nations
(Ending Militarism, Alliance systems, Imperialism, and Nationalism)

A

Wilson’s Ideas for Peace

64
Q

What happened to the League of Nations?

A

With the United States (Senate) rejecting to join the League Nations, the League of Nations proved unable to maintain peace among nations

65
Q

What nearly killed President Wilson after the war?

A

(Joining the League of Nations)
When Wilson was weak and ill during the 32 addresses–about joining the League of Nations–in 33 days, he suffered a stroke a few days later.

66
Q

Which country had the highest casualties in the war?

A

Russia

67
Q

Which country lost the most territory after the war?

A

Germany

68
Q

Which country suffered the most damage in the war?

A

France

69
Q

What happened to US soldiers after the war?

A

*They would’ve seen African Americans and women working at their job, which created some conflict
*Some soldiers were unappreciated for their war efforts

70
Q

What happened to women after the war?

A

*The end of the war spelled the end of wartime economic opportunities for women. By 1920, there were fewer women in the workforce than there had been in 1910
*Allowed to vote

71
Q

What happened to African Americans after the war?

A

*They were discriminated against by whites, which resulted in a lot of violence, or lynching
*African American soldiers were unappreciated for their war efforts

72
Q

What happened to immigrants after the war?

A

Some were arrested but never charged or tried for a crime. The government then deported hundreds of radical immigrants.
It was because of the Red Scare that was happening in America

73
Q

What happened to young, healthy Americans (aged 20-30) after the war?

A

*The influenza pandemic of 1918 hit men and women in their twenties and thirties the hardest, rather than children and the elderly.
*The flu pandemic killed 550,000 Americans, including 50,000 soldiers

74
Q

A wave of widespread fear of suspected communists and radicals thought to be plotting revolution within the United States

A

Red Scare

75
Q

A series of raids that police arrested thousands of people, some who were radicals and some who were simply immigrants from southern or Eastern Europe

A

Palmer Raids

76
Q

A group of isolationist senators opposed any treaty that had a League of Nations folded into it

A

Irreconcilables

77
Q

A group of Senators who opposed the treaty because of how it was written

A

Reservationists

US History (2022-2023) (3 decks)

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