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History > WWI > Flashcards

WWI Flashcards

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1
Q

Colony

A

A territory that is under the political control of another country and state

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2
Q

Nationalism

A

A set of beliefs that promote the interests and cultural identity of a nation

WWI: the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz by Gavrillo Princip a member of the black hand (a Serbian nationalist group)

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3
Q

Imperialism

A

The policy of one country extending it’s power and control over other countries by taking territory and seizing economic and political control

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4
Q

Militarism

A

Building and maintaing a strong military force for protection in case of conflict

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5
Q

Alliances

A

Countries who help each other out when in need

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6
Q

What two fronts were the war fought on?

A

Western and eastern

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7
Q

Arms race

A

The race that European countries began competing to create the largest and most powerful military forces

Britain: largest navy Russia: largest army Germany: trying to catch up to both

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8
Q

Dreadnought

A

Part of the navel race, created by the British

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9
Q

U-Boat

A

Part of the navel race, created by the Germans

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10
Q

The triple entente

A

Britain, France, Russia

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11
Q

The triple alliance

A

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

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12
Q

Franz Ferdinand

A

The Austrian Archduke

Killed on June 28th 1914 while visiting Sarajevo

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13
Q

Gavrillo Princip

A

Killed franz Ferdinand

Member of the nationalist/terrorist called “The Black Hand”

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14
Q

The blank cheque

A

A German promise: if Russia attacked Austria-Hungary, Germany would come to their defence. Austria-Hungary wanted to invade Serbia, however feared a Russian retaliation

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15
Q

Ultimatum

A

Sent from Austria-Hungary to Serbians to agree to:

1) allow AH to send an official to Serbia to investigate the murder
2) ban anti Austrian protests
3) allow AH soldiers to enter Serbia to prevent extremist from arousing public sentiment

All terms were agreed to except #3

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16
Q

Schlieffen Plan

A

A military strategy created in 1905 by field Marshal Alfred Von Schlieffen

Designed to avoid a “war on two fronts”

German plan: SPEED+LARGE ARMY+ELEMENT OF SURPRISE=VICTORY!

Attacking through neutral Belgium instead of border

Ratio- 7:1 for every French solider there would be 7 German soldiers

Schlieffen was replaced by general Moltke who changed the ratio from 7:1 to 4:3

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17
Q

What went wrong with the Schlieffen plan?

A

Germans failed to retreat, pushed the French back further in the France, defeated the purpose

When attacking the Germans slowed down:
Met a mons by the British army
Turned too south missing Paris

RESULTED IN:
TRENCH WARFARE
BRITAIN AND ITS EMPIRE ENTER THE WAR

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18
Q

Sam Hughes

A

Approved the Canadian Ross rifle

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19
Q

Ross Rifle vs. the Lee-Enfields

A

Lee-enfields replaced Ross rifle because Ross rifle opwould yet jammed and were too heavy, hard to assemble, and the long barrel made it hard to use in combat

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20
Q

Sir John A. MacDonald

A

The prime minister of the federal dominion of Canada

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21
Q

“Dog-Fight”

A

Combat mission ps in the sky

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22
Q

“Flying-Coffin”

A

Nickname for fighter planes
Veteran had an average life span of three weeks
Rookie pilot would have an average life span of 11 days

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23
Q

Billy Bishop

A

A canadian fighter pilot who proved to be the best in the entire British Empire

Recorded 72 kills and received the victory cross-highest award for bravery

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24
Q

Red Baron

A

Nickname of the German flying ace manfred Von Richthofen
German national hero and the best fighter pilot of WWI
Recorded over 80 combat victories

25
Q

Roy brown

A

Shot down the “Red baron” in 1918

26
Q

She’ll shock

A

Known as PTSD today
Resulted from being in a battle near bombs artillery and guns and death

Methods of treatment:
Electric shock
Silence
Talking

27
Q

Trench foot/mouth

A

Foot: resulted from wet feet because of rainfall, cause soggy foot ( feet would fall off or turn blue or black)

Mouth: caused by the build up of bacteria, soldiers would not brush teeth very often, lead to loss of teeth, pain to bleeding

28
Q

Chlorine/Mustard gas

A

First used in the 2nd battle of ypres

29
Q

Creeping barrage

A

A strategic plan to surprise attack the Germans by following a bombardment of artillery was very risky but brought them to victory

30
Q

Arthur currie

A

Canadian General
Who led the Canadian troops to victory in battle of vinyl ridge

CREATED THE CREEPING BARRAGE

31
Q

John A. MacDonald

A

Prime minster of the federal dominion of Canada

32
Q

“Shock troops”

A

The name Canadians were given after the battle of vimy ridge
Meant that they were strong

33
Q

No-mans land

A

Land inbetween the two trenches where no one would fight, artillery would be fired and sometimes created craters

34
Q

Lord Julian Byng

A

British lieutenant-general
Curries superior
Let him lead

35
Q

the Lusitania

A

American boat that was sunk by a German u-boat

Killed 128 Americans

Brought Americans into the war

36
Q

Total war

A

All resources of a country are focused on the war

Ex. Factories

37
Q

Victory Bonds

A

Lending money to the government to help support the war

Would get money back with interest if they won

38
Q

Income tax

A

Paying the government a percentage of your pay

39
Q

Conscription

A

The war measures act
Forcing people to go to war

French hated it
English speaking Canadians supported it

40
Q

Robert Borden

A

Passed the military voters act, and the wartime election act

41
Q

Wilfred Laureir

A

Against conscription

42
Q

Military service act

A

Conscription

43
Q

Military voters act

A

Male and female members of the armed services have the right to vote.

First time in history, women could vote in federal elections

44
Q

War time elections act

A

Mothers, daughters, eves and sisters of men fighting over seas given the right to vote

45
Q

War measures act

A

Government had the power to take away the freedoms of citizens and force them into internment camps

46
Q

Propaganda

A

The systematic effort to shape people’s beliefs to achieve specific goal

47
Q

Enemy Aliens

A

People who had come from “enemy country” that Canada was fighting

48
Q

Tsar Nicholas II (Romanovs)

A

Ruled Russia for almost 300 years

Thought everyone liked him

Relationship between people and him got worse

People rioted against him

49
Q

Bloody Sunday

A

Tsar ordered his guards to fire at those protesting peacefully

50
Q

Peasants

A

Lower class

51
Q

February Revolution

A

Mass demonstrations and violent clashes between protestors and the imperial guard

52
Q

The Bolsheviks

A

Communist party in Russia to took control of Russia after the fall of the Romanov dynasty

53
Q

Soviet Union

A

From 1917a1991 Russia is called the Soviet Union

54
Q

Treaty of Brest-Livstock

A

Officially ends the war between Germany and Russia

55
Q

Armistice

A

officially marked the end of actual fighting but NOT the war

truce is reached between Germany and the allied powers

(11th hour, 11th day, 11th month)

56
Q

Paris Peace Conference

A

Meeting in Paris in 1919 to negotiate terms and conditions that would be imposed on Germany/Austria-Hungary and officially ends the war

CANADA WAS GIVEN THEIR OWN INDEPENDENT SEAR AT THE PARIS PEACE TALKS

57
Q

“Big Four”

A

Britain, France, U.S., Italy (NO RUSSIA, THEY WERE SALTY AF)

Britain: wanted to look out for the British

USA: wanted to be fair and moderate to the Germans

France: wanted to impose harsh conditions

58
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A 
OFFICIALLY ENDS WWI
Terms: 
Loss of territory 
Loss of military 
War reparations 
War guilt cause

CANADA SIGNS THE TREATY INDEPENDENTLY THEY DO NOT SIGN AS A PART OF BRITAIN

These terms were used against them in WWII

History (1 decks)

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