WWH chap. 15 Terms

Question 1

Theory says that the sun is the center of the universe

Answer 1

Heliocentric

Question 2

Reasoning from specific cases to a general conclusion called

Answer 2

Inductive reasoning

Question 3

Philosophy says that everything is part of one great substance called “God”

Answer 3

Pantheism

Question 4

“All knowledge comes through experience” expresses which philosophy

Answer 4

Empiricism

Question 5

The eighteenth-century social critics know who disrespected church tradition

Answer 5

Philosophers

Question 6

The eighteenth-century American revival called

Answer 6

Great awakening

Question 7

Term is applied to music with several intertwined melody lines

Answer 7

Polyphony

Question 8

Wrote “ decline and fall of the Roman Empire” out spoken critic of Christianity

Answer 8

Gibbon

Question 9

French comedies

Answer 9

Moliere

Question 10

School of thought supported the existence of God as creator but denied his involvement in human affairs

Answer 10

Deism

Question 11

Art style that was dramatic, turbulent, and sensual

Answer 11

Baroque

Question 12

“To err is human, to forgive divine.”

Answer 12

Pope

Question 13

Wrote Gulliver’s travels

Answer 13

Swift

Question 14

Wrote “Robinson crusoe”

Answer 14

Defoe

Question 15

These are associated with the artist; musical, operas & symphonies, and instrumental & chamber music

Answer 15

Mozart

Question 16

Heliocentric theory

Answer 16

Copernicus

Question 17

Telescopes improvements

Answer 17

Galileo

Question 18

Chemicals used to treat disease

Answer 18

Paracelsus

Question 19

Circulation of blood

Answer 19

Harvey

Question 20

Vaccination

Answer 20

Jenner

Question 21

The framers of the U.S. Constitution borrowed his idea of separation of powers

Answer 21

Montesquieu

Question 22

Gathering observations, finding a pattern in the observations, choosing and appropriate conclusion to explain the observations

Answer 22

Scientific method

Question 23

Father of modern chemistry

Answer 23

Lavoisier

Question 24

Was a mapmaker

Answer 24

Mercator

Question 25

Microscope improvements

Answer 25

Leeuwenhoek

Question 26

Deductive reasoning

Answer 26

Descartes

Question 27

Inductive reasoning

Answer 27

Bacon

Question 28

Both men were Englishman hymn writers, and preachers

Answer 28

Isaac Watts & Charles Wesley

Question 29

The chief means for spreading the ideas of the philosophes

Answer 29

Encyclope'die

Question 30

He was credited for invention of the reflecting telescope, laws of gravitation, and principia

Answer 30

Sir Isaac Newton

Question 31

It says increasing pressure on a gas reduces its volume

Answer 31

Boyle's law

Question 32

Discovered the chemical substances of ammonia, oxygen, and carbon dioxide

Answer 32

Priestly

Question 33

Eighteenth-century intellectual movement

Answer 33

Enlightenment

Question 34

The belief that sees reason as the only sure source of knowledge and truth

Answer 34

Rationalism

Question 35

Known for figures that are elongated

Answer 35

El Greco

Question 36

A combination of vocal and instrumental music telling s sacred story

Answer 36

Oratorio

Question 37

Art style expressed the orderly, formal, and balanced approach of the enlightenment

Answer 37

Neoclassical

Question 38

Dutch painter was known for his effect of contrasting light with dark

Answer 38

Rembrandt

Question 39

Maintained that the "general will" meant majority rule

Answer 39

Social contract

Question 40

List & describe two pilosophes of the enlightenment

Answer 40

Diderot- he edited the encyclopedie, the chief instrument for spreading the ideas of the philosophies. He wrote several hundred articles for the multivolume work. Rousseau- although he was a friend to the other philosophes, he was out of step with most of them. He favored emotion and sentiment above reason. (Father of romanticism)

Question 41

Describe the results that John Wesley's work and the work of others like him had on Britain

Answer 41

Spiritual revival broke the apathetic attitude among professing Christians. More domestic reform and foreign missions. Helped improve moral condition of England and restrain social upheaval.