ww1 trench warfare year9

Question 1

how were the trenches designed

Answer 1

they used a zigzag formation so it would be harder to attack, run through and use ammunition against

Question 2

What were duck boards used for

Answer 2

Prevent slip hazards and used for stability

Question 3

What were sandbags used for

Answer 3

To support the trench and taking water

Question 4

What were the dugouts used for

Answer 4

Places to sleep for protection and also officer accommodation

Question 5

What were the fire steps used for

Answer 5

Rest, ledge to fire at enemy/ accessibility

Question 6

What were fortifications used for

Answer 6

To build upon the trench e.g. metal and wooden boards

Question 7

What’s was the parapet Used for

Answer 7

It was the top of the trench into the open

Question 8

When was the first battle of Ypres

Answer 8

October to November 1914

Question 9

When was the second battle of Ypres

Answer 9

April to May 1915

Question 10

When was the battle of the Somme

Answer 10

July to November 1916

Question 11

When was the battle of verdun

Answer 11

February to December 1916

Question 12

When was the battle of arras

Answer 12

April to May 1917

Question 13

What was the first stage of the evacuation route

Answer 13

Stretcher bearers: recover the dead and wounded often under fire had to Deal with mud shell craters uncrowded twisted trenches. They had carried a basic medical supplies (bandages and morphine for pain relief) only 16 bearers per battalion of up to 1000 soldiers( 4 men to carry a stretcher)

Question 14

What was the second stage of the evacuation routes

Answer 14

Regimental aid posts: very close to the front line sometimes in the firing trench they were moved forward when casualties are expected in an attack. Dugouts in trenches ruins buildings or behind a wall. They were to distinguish between the lightly wounded and those needing more medical attention. The lightly wounded will give him bandages I’ll give him pain relief and sent back into action the rest resent to the dressing stations

Question 15

What was the third stage of The evacuation route

Answer 15

Field ambulances and dressing stations: wasn’t a vehicle but a large mobile medical unit with medical offices. Set up dressing stations in tents or derelict buildings to receive the wounded sent from RAP. The triage contains of three categories couldn’t be treated left to die, needs medical attention, and going to survive

Question 16

What was the fourth stage of the evacuation route

Answer 16

Casualty clearing station:  x-rays are a new invention, large, well equipped medical facility the wounded would see series tents or huts. Performed more operations in the hospitals including many amputations, they contained operating theater’s mobile x-ray machines walls with beds

Question 17

What is the fifth stage of the evacuation routine

Answer 17

Base hospitals: they were buildings near railways so patients could be moved quickly they could take as many as 2500 patients - they contain operating theater‘s laboratory, for identify infections, X-ray departments and also had special centers for victims of gas poisoning. From here Patience was sent back to England and they were going to survive

Question 18

What were the terrain issues

Answer 18

Collecting in the wounded from Nomansland was dangerous and they were often under fire night. No man’s land and trenches could be deep in mud making movement difficult. Shell craters many meters across and filled with water may transporting hazardous. Trenches could be clogged with equipment and men moving in all directions carrying stretches which had to be maneuvered around corners was hard work. The number of wounded could be immense slowing everyone down

Question 19

What is trench fever or pyrexia

Answer 19

Symptoms: Eye pain headache rash joint pain shivering
Caused: Lie spouting you on spreading on the disease
Get read: disinfecting clothing to remove lice, Louse repellent and other chemicals from Bath housing

Question 20

What is trench foot

Answer 20

Soldiers feet being in Wausau the trenches wet conditions a prolonged periods of time. In tight boots numb swollen blistered and gangrene often setting. The restriction of blood flow cause that flesh and body tissue. It could be treated by amputation extra pair of socks high rubber waders mechanical pumps to reduce water Brazas for heating well oil and powder

Question 21

What does NYd.n mean

Answer 21

Not yet diagnosed nervous

Question 22

What does PTSD mean

Answer 22

Post traumatic stress disorder

Question 23

What did the army think of PTSD

Answer 23

They thought it was a sign of weakness coward Ness instead of a serious condition it was a psychological reaction to danger