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Social 20 > WW1 Quiz > Flashcards

WW1 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

MAIN causes of WW1

M

A

Militarism
* Policy of building up strong military forces to prepare for war
* The glorification of the military

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2
Q

Arms Race

A

A competition in which two enemy nations try to outdo each other to produce the largest arsenal of weapons

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3
Q

MAIN causes of WW1

A

A

Alliances

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4
Q

Triple Entente

A

France, Russia, and Great Britain

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5
Q

Triple Alliance

A

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

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6
Q

MAIN causes of WW1

I

A

Imperialism:
* System where powerful nation controls and exploits a colony through use of force, most notably for economic gain

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7
Q

MAIN causes of WW1

N

A

Nationalism

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8
Q

“Submerged” Nations

A

Nations that were living within, and dominated by other nations

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9
Q

Balkans

A
  • Were home to many different ethnic groups that had long-standing conflicts
  • The Balkans were also the crossroads of Catholic, Muslim, and Christian religious influences
  • Nationialism was a powerful and dividing force in the region
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10
Q

Power Keg of Europe

Crisis in the Bulkans

A
  • Turkey ruled the Balkans in the early 1900’s
  • All major powers wanted to increase their influence in the area
  • 1908 –> Group called “young turks” caused chaos everywhere in Turkey
  • Austria Hungary takes advantage and seize provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Majority of the ppl living there were Serbs who didnt wanna be part of Austria - Hungary
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11
Q

Power Keg of Europe

First Balkan War

A
  • 1911 –> Italy attacks Turkey and wins
  • 1912 –> Balkan countries join together to form Balkan League
  • Balkan League attacks Turkey and wins
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12
Q

Power Keg of Europe

Second Bulkan War

A
  • Bulgaria wanted more land
  • 1913 –> Bulgaria attacks Serbia and Greece (they lost horribly)

Serbia came out of both wars strong – Growing Serbian nationalism

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13
Q

Power Keg of Europe

Assisination of Franz Ferdinand

A
  • Archduke of Austria-Hungary
  • 1914 –> He arrived in Sarajevo. He is assasinated by Serbian terrorists
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14
Q

Schlieffen Plan

A
  • Aug 3, 1914 –> Germany invaded Belgium following a stratergy known as the Schlieffen Plan.
  • This called for a quick strike through Belgium to Paris, France.
  • Next Germany would attack Russia
  • Plan was designed to prevent a two-front war for Germany
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15
Q

Stalemate at “No Man’s Land”

A
  • Unable to save Belgium, Allies retreat to the Marne River in France where they halted the German advance in Sep of 1914
  • Both sides dug in for a long siege. By spring 1915, two parallel systems of deep trenches crossed France from Belgium to Switzerland.
  • Inbetween the trenches was “no mans land”
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16
Q

Trench Warfare: Western Front

A
  • Over 4 years, trench line moved very little
  • Very little ground was captured
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17
Q

War of Attrition

A
  • A conflict in which each side tries to wear the other down by killing as many of its men as possible
  • Won by patience and skilfull resource management
18
Q

Stalemate/Deadlock

A
  • Western front remained static; each side killed many of the other’s men, but very little progress was made
19
Q

Shell Shock

A

Constant exposure to continuous danger, shelling, and death created condition called shell shock

20
Q

Wounded in Action

A

Over 90% of soliders who made it to the medical aid station survived their wounds

21
Q

American Neutrality/Isolation

A
  • 1914 –> Americans saw no reason to join a struggle 3000 miles away
22
Q

USA & The Lutistania Disaster

A
  • Lustistania was a British passenger liner that carried over 1000 people
  • German U-boat sank it killing everyone aboard, include 128 american tourists
  • Germans claimed the ship carried Allied ammunition
  • Americans were pissed and public opinion turned against Germany
23
Q

America Edges Closer to the War

A
  • Woodrow Wilson elected in 1916 with the slogan “he kept us out of war”
  • Germany ignores Wilson’s plea for peace
  • Zimmerman Note - Telegram from Germany to Mexico reveals a proposed alliance
  • Germany sinks 4 unarmed US Ships
  • April 2, 1917 –> Woodrow Wilson declares war
24
Q

Power Balance is Tipped

A
  • May 1917 –> Selective Service Act
    By the end of 1918, 24mil had signed up to fight in the war and 3 mil were called to duty
  • After 2 years of fighting, Allied troops were tired
  • US soldiers brought fresh energy and enthusiasism
25
Q

Bolt-Action Rifle

A
  • New weapon which made it possible for the solider to fire 15 rounds a min
  • So accurate it could kill a person almost 1400m away
26
Q

Machine Guns

A
  • Not a main weapon of British Soldiers
  • Needed 4-6 men to man them in 1914 + had to be positioned on a flat surface
  • New machine guns could fire 500 rounds per min
  • Had the fire power of almost 100 guns
27
Q

Chlorine & Mustard Gas

A

Chlorine:
* Caused chest pains and a painful deaeth by suffocation
Mustard:
* Most deadly weapon used in trenches
* Took 12 hrs to work; could take upto 5 weeks to die
* Odorless; only small amounts needed
* Caused skin blistering, vomiting, internal and external bleeding

  • WW1 was the first war to use gas attacks
  • Gas attacks were first used by Germans
28
Q

Zeppelins

A
  • Airships used during bombing raids by Germans
  • Could travel upto 140mph
  • Carried machine guns and 4500lbs of bombs
    Problem:
  • Filled with 40,000 cubic feet of Hydrogen, which could easily ignite and explode
29
Q

New Planes

A
  • WW1 was the first war to use planes to deliver bombs
30
Q

Tanks

A
  • Max Speed = 4 mph
  • Capacity = 10 men
  • Revolving turret
  • Battle of Somme –> difficult to maneuver in mud; not very effective
31
Q

Total war

A

All people & resources devoted to war

32
Q

Propaganda

A

Spreading ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing force

Used to control public opinion

33
Q

War Measures Act & Ukrainian Internment

A
  • Aug 22, 1914 –> Bill was passed into law (right before the outbreak of WW1)
  • Censorship of media
  • Arrest and deportaiton of “enemy aliens”
  • Taking property without permission
  • Control over transportation and trade
  • Used to justify internment of over 9000 Ukrainian-Canadian
  • Pre-war prejudices worsened by wartime xenophobia, causing hysteria
  • Internees were exploited for their labour
  • Living condiitons were poor and guards were often brutal and violent
  • 107 internees died in captivity
34
Q
A
35
Q

Ypres

A
  • Last Beglian area surrounded by German forces
  • First use of Chlorine gas
  • Canadians held their ground
36
Q

Passchendaele

A
  • Douglais Haig (British officer) was determined to take break through German front
  • 15000 Canadians died for an advance of only 6km
37
Q

Vimy Ridge

A
  • Heavily fortified by German forces
  • Both France and Britain tried and failed to capture this territory
  • Canadian forces were able to take the Ridge, costing 3500 lives
38
Q

Armistice

A

On Nov. 11 an armistice is signed

39
Q

Paris Peace Conference

A

Despite the fact that many countries were in attendance, only the Big Four make the decisions

40
Q

Wilson’s Fourteen Points

A
  • Woodrow Wilson writes a series of peace proposals
  • Included:
  • The limitation of arms
  • an end to secret alliances
  • self-determination: restored freedom to some lands and creation of independent lands
  • creation of the League of Nations
  • Treaty of Versailles
41
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

This treaty blamed and punished Germany for the war:
* Reduced size of German army
* Banned weapons-making in Germany
* Took away all of Germany’s colonies
* Made Germany pay reparations (payments for war damage)
* Demanded that Germany accept the blame for causing the war

Left Germany weak and laid the groundwork for the rise of Hitler

42
Q
A

Social 20 (2 decks)

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