WW1 Midterm Flashcards
What was the transcontinental railroad?
Railroad to connect east and west coasts.
Environmental changes of Transcontinental Railroad
affected the land (went through the whole country), many bison were killed, tunnel through mountains (long and expensive)
Social changes of TCR
People from east went to california, entered native lands making them raid railroads, lots of work, mostly on chinese immigrants
What was the Industrial revolution?
A period of lots of economic, industrial, and technological advancements between the civil war and WW1
How did new technology affect society?
It made life and buisness easier
What is a patent?
legal document that gives people the right to sell inventions
Robber baron
A downgrading term for wealthy industrialists from the US that monopolized major industries by using unfair business practice
Captain of industry
Wealthy business men that were compassionate and made positive influences
Practices of robber barons
lowered wages, unfair treatment, wanted to be the best
Practices of captain of industries
working hard, nice treatment of workers, donated lots
Push factors to immigrant to US
Economic, political, religious persecution, not unified
Pull factors to immigrant to US
religious freedom, land, job opportunities
How did immigrations affect US socially
It became part of American culture, large population, diversity, more small communities
How did immigrations affect US politics
More votes for political parties, persuaded elections
How did immigrations affect US economy
Took any jobs, took jobs from Americans, new inventions and businesses
What is the progressive era?
A period of widespread change in America
What was the goal of the Progressive Era
correct problems made by industrialization
What was a muckraker?
A reporter or writer who exposed corruption and other social problems with writings
What is a reform movement
Hoped to bring social, economical, and political change through government intervention
What were the causes of WW1
militarism, alliance, imperialism, nationalist
Militarism
many countries strengthening their armies with more men and weapons
Alliance
mutual defense agreements, but some went against their alliances
Imperialism
When countries gain more power/ wealth by natural resources or land
Nationalism
Pride in your own country, which was very high
What was the spark or power keg of WW1
Assination of Archduke, heir of Austria-hungary
main central powers
Germany, Austria-Hungry, Ottoman empire
main allied powers
Russia, Great Britain, France, Italy, Japan, US
Why was WW1 so devastating
New technologies and weapons with scientists and inventors constantly trying to improve current inventions
How did the weapons and technology impact the war and soldiers
they were all easier to use and highly deadly. Most deadly was gasses and guns.
Where was trench warfare fought
most battles fought on the western front of france, germany, and belguim.
Why was trench warfare used?
They could have protection from enemy fire
How destructive was trench warfare?
It was very destructive because of you tried to cross, you would have certain death
how did the US remain neutral?
They did this by selling products to both sides
What were the events that led the US to declare war
Sinking of the Lusitania and the Zimmerman telegraph
Sinking of the Lusitania
When a British ocean liner was sunk by Germans and killed over 1000 people, including 108 Americans, which made Americans unhappy
President Wilson’s reasons for joining the war
Germans sinking ships with no warning, destruction of innocent lives, they wanted to be the nation that brought peace and safety, wanted to become a world power
Priorities that US had to focus on during the war
Building the military, managing the war effort, shaping public opinion
Building the military
Not enough men to serve so they had to require men between 21-30 to register
Managing the war effort
had to save food and raise money to sell bonds
selective service act
men between 21-30 must serve
food administration
set up to make sure troops had enough food
Shaping public opinion
used propaganda to promote supporting the war.
Espionage act
kept americans from interfering with war efforts
Sedition act
Americans can’t say anything negative about the war effort
American expeditionary force
American troop that embraced the concept of open warfare and traveled overseas to the western front
Who commanded American expeditionary force
Gen. John (black jack) Pershing
Naval convoys
Helped british ships from german u boats
