WW1 / IMPERIALISM Flashcards
Main causes of WW1
- Militarism
- Alliance System
- Imperialism
- Nationalism
Triple Alliance
alliance between Austria, Germany, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria and Italy
Triple Entente
alliance between Russia, France, England, Serbia and the US (later)
Assassination of archduke Ferdinand
Death of the heir to the Austrian Empire. Sparked WW1
Trench Warfare
type of combat which opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other
stalemate
situation in which further action or progress by opposing or competing parties seems impossible
unrestricted submarine warfare
German use submarines to sink anything off the coast of England
Zimmerman Telegram
sent from Germany to Mexico promising to give back land lost to US if mexico entered war on German side
New Weapons
tanks, airplanes, machine guns, submarines increased casualties and led to stalemate
Lusitania
ship that was sunk by Germans. One reason US entered war
U- Boat
German submarine
Isolationism
US policy of not taking sides in the fighting in Europe
American Expeditionary Forces
US fighting force led by John J. Pershing
western front
fight on the German/French boundary
Espionage and Sedition Act
made it a crime to criticize US involvement in European conflict
selective service act
allowed US government to draft men to serve in the war
war bonds
citizen land money for the government to pay for the war
Woodrow Wilson
president who tried to remain neutral but eventually joined WW1
14 points
Wilson’s fair ideas for the peace treaty to end WW1
treaty of Versailles
ended the war. Very harsh penalties on the Germans
league of nations
international peacekeeping organization. Wilson’s idea but US did not join
Henry Cabot Lodge
leading opponent of the United States becoming involved in the League of Nations
reparations
part of the treaty of Versailles that made Germany pay for all the damages caused during the war
War Guilt Clause
part of treaty of Versailles. Germany has to say the entire war was their fault
imperialism
when a stronger nation controls a weaker one
Spanish-America war
US war in which we supported Cuba in their fight for independence. The US won and took Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines from Spain
Yellow Journalism
journalism that exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers (cause of the Spanish America war)
de lome letter
Publication of the letter helped generate public support for a war with Spain over the issue of independence for the Spanish colony of Cuba.
USS Maine
American ship that exploded and caused the Spanish America war
The Rough Riders
was a nickname given to the 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry - Theodore Roosevelt
Treaty of Paris
ended the spanish america war
open door policy
The government wanted free trade in China instead of colonies there
boxer rebellion
was an anti-imperialist uprising of peasants in northern China
Platt amendment
It said that all treaties with Cuba had to be approved by the U.S. Senate and the U.S. had the right to interfere in Cuba’s affairs if order broke down within Cuba
panama canal
decreased shipping and travel times
big stick policy
US has right to use military to protect its interests in Western hemisfere
taft “dollar diplomacy”
policy of imperialism by expanding us investments in other countries
wilson “moral diplomacy”
the us would not use force to influence the world but would work to improve humans rights
What were the factors that fueled U.S imperialism?
Economic competition among industrial nations.
Political and military competition
A belief in the racial and cultural superiority of people of Anglo-Saxon descent.
When was the Spanish-American War?
April 21, 1898
What three things led to the Spanish-American War?
yellow journalism
uss maine
american business interests in cuba
How did the Spanish-American War mark a “turning point” in American history?
because the United States of America became an imperial world power
Why did the United States get involved in the affairs of Latin America?
The United States viewed Latin America as a savage place that needed saving. Americans believed that they were helping people.
Why would some people in the U.S be against imperialism?
they believed imperialism violated the credo of republicanism, especially the need for “consent of the governed”
British blokcade
Britain’s blockade of Germany cut Germany off from vital trade and supplies.
war industries board
It was intended to help the U.S. prepare for World War I by increasing industrial production and coordinating the purchase of war materials by the Army and the Navy
food administration
assist in feeding the Allied forces
victory gardens
were vegetable, fruit, and herb gardens planted at private residences and public parks in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and Germany during World War I and World War II
comittee on public information
created to influence public opinion to support the US in World War I
What events led the United States to enter WWI? (3 events)
The Lusitania Sinks.
Germany’s U-Boat Submarine Warfare Resumes.
The Zimmerman Telegram.
Why did African Americans move to northern cities (Great Migration) during and following WWI?
Driven from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationist laws
How did the status of women change during WWI?
the number of women in the workforce increased.
How did people express their anti-immigrant/anti-German feelings during WWI?
Some Germans and German-Americans were attacked during World War I
Why didn’t the United States sign the Treaty of Versailles?
Many Americans felt that the Treaty was unfair on Germany.
