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iGCSE History > WW1 Depth Study > Flashcards

WW1 Depth Study Flashcards

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1
Q

Long term cause

A

An indirectly linkable reason for another event to happen.

eg. Nationalism

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2
Q

Stab-in-the-back-myth

A

Conspiracy theory that the German Army didn’t lose WW1 on the battle fronts but was the civilians fault.

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3
Q

Conscientious objector

A

A person who for religious / didn’t want to kill / didn’t want to hold a gun reasons would not join the army. Most were imprisoned, forced to join or worked as medics.

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4
Q

February revolution

A

Revolution in Russia 1917 where Tsar Nicholas II was overthrown and assassinated along with his entire family.

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5
Q

Lenin’s April Statements

A
  • All power to the Soviets
  • Peace with Central Powers and end of the war for Russia
  • Bread (no more food and money problems)
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6
Q

Treaty of Brest Litovsk

A
  • Russia lost large stretch of land
  • 90% of coal in Central Power control or had to be delivered to the Central Powers
  • had to give back Turkish land
  • some German troops occupied the area
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7
Q

Provisional government

A

Government that is set up when in an emergency to manage political transition.
eg. collapse of previous government

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8
Q

Isolationism

A

not getting involved in other countries business even when they ask that country for help (usually).

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9
Q

Woodrow Wilson

A

US President 1913-1921

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10
Q

Hindenburg Line

A

Heavily fortified line of trenches held during the war

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11
Q

Armistice

A

Cease fire

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12
Q

Silent dictators (German)

A

Hindenburg and Ludendorff ruled Germany but used the Kaiser as a public figure who to the public seemed to run the country.

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13
Q

Ludendorff Offensive (Spring Offensive)

A

German plan to push Allied forces to the sea and kick troops from Flanders west before too many American troops landed.

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14
Q

Petrograd Soviet

A

Council of workers and soldiers created during February revolution.

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15
Q

Von Schlieffen plan

A

Created in 1905 to avoid 2-front war, knock out France quickly, win the war fast. Assumed: Belgium is too week to resist, England will stay neutral, Russia will mobilize slowly.

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16
Q

Duma

A

Russian parliament

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17
Q

Instigation

A

The final straw before an event happens.

18
Q

Nationalism

A

The invisible force and feeling of belonging together of to a group on the basis of shared history

19
Q

Central Powers

A

Germany (and empire), Austria-Hungary, Italy, Bulgaria and Ottoman Empire

20
Q

Allied Powers

A

England (and empire), France (and empire), Russia (and empire) and Serbia

21
Q

Militarism

A

The build up or expansion of the ability of a countries military to wage war.

22
Q

Ultimatum

A

A final demand of statement of terms, the rejection of which will result in the retaliation or breakdown of relations

23
Q

Blank cheque

A

Germany gave to Austria-Hungary: we will give you anything you ask for
eg. money, weapons, soldiers

24
Q

Mobilization

A

The preparation for war by gathering soldiers, weapons and other resources and then moving them to where they will be needed.

25
Q

Two-front war

A

Fighting on two sides of your country

eg. Germany

26
Q

Subjective

A

Based on / influenced by personal feelings, tastes or opinions

27
Q

Objective

A

Facts with no opinions attached

28
Q

Primary source

A

Immediate, first hand account of an event / topic from someone who ha a direct link to it.

29
Q

Secondary source

A

Information created later by someone who did not experience / participate first-hand in the events.

30
Q

Reliable

A

Consistently good in quality or performance so is able to be trusted.

31
Q

Biased

A

Unfairly prejudiced for or against someone or something.

32
Q

Unreliable

A

Not able to be relied upon

33
Q

Unrestricted submarine warfare

A

All ships in war-zone are now targets.

34
Q

Decolonisation

A

End of colonial times: gaining of independence of countries that were formerly part of colonies.

35
Q

Naval blockade

A

Conducted by the Allies to block supplies to the Central Powers.

36
Q

U-boat

A

Unterwasser boat: early German submarine effective in destroying ships

37
Q

War of rapid movement

A

classic war to gain land quickly

38
Q

War of attrition

A

Gradually wear down the enemy with small actions over a long period of time

39
Q

Entrenchment

A

Creating trenches

40
Q

Race to the sea

A

Germany needed and wanted another coast to cut off UK supplies

41
Q

Short term cause

A

A direct linkable reason for another event to happen

eg. militarism

iGCSE History (3 decks)

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