WW1 Flashcards
Nationalism
A patriotic feeling, efforts or principles
Triple Alliance
A secret agreement between Austria-Hungary, Germany and Italy
Triple Entente
the understanding linking the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente
Militarism
A desire/belief of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests
What is propaganda?
A way of getting people to do something they might not usually do such as join the war
What was Canada’s support for the war?
Canada raised money for the soldiers fighting
Why did volunteers join?
To fight/ support their country and pride
Were all Canadians welcomed to participate?
No, only white people were wanted, if you were not white then there was a long process
How many people initially volunteered for the CEF (Canadian Expeditionary Force)?
They asked for 25,000 and got 32,000
What did the War Measures Act enable the Canadian government to do?
- Drafted the War Measures Act
- Allows anything that’s needed for defence, warfare, peace and order
Describe trench warfare
A type of combat where opposing troops fight from trenches that face each other
Describe the conditions the soldiers endured living in the trenches
Loss, diseases, rats, rotting bodies
What new weapons were used in WW1?
Rifles, machine guns, barbed wire, tanks, airships, aircrafts, poison gas, artillery, U-boats and Q-ships
How many women served?
Hundreds of women served as nurses/ ambulance drivers
How did the Canadian government pay for the war effort?
Victory bonds, taxes and borrowing
What was the Halifax explosion?
- The largest man-made explosion, killed 20,000 civilians, 9000 wounded
- two ships carrying explosives exploded when they hit each other
What were enemy Aliens and how are they treated?
War broke out in Europe, Canada had German, Austrian, Hungarian people who were residents/citizens of Canada.
They were treated unfairly, locked up and fired from jobs
Conscription crisis and our country
Volunteers – not keeping up with the number of men killed or wounded so conscription was proposed
What is conscription?
Compulsory military service – forcing men to join the war even though Canada is a democracy
How did Prime Minister Borden introduce conscription?
Military service bill in 1917 - made conscription compulsory for males 20 to 35
Who was exempted from conscription?
Men in wartime production jobs, sick, pacifists – not forced to join
How did it divide country?
English Canadians thought quebec was not supporting the war but quebec did not have same ties as the English did towards Britain.
French culture broken from France and language was taken away from schools
Who opposed conscription?
Pacifists, French-Canadians, Liberal party, Laurier
What did Borden do to ensure his reelection?
Asked Laurier and liberal party to join conservatives, form a group/government to show Canada’s commitment to win war
What kind of jobs did women have during the first war?
Helped recruit men, making weapons, farm working, nursing, writing papers
What happened to working women after the war?
They were told to go home, and they were fired
Five points that showed that the first world war helped to liberate women
First time women got to work, treated with more respect/rights, earned money, had opportunities, got to work
Five points that show that the first world war did not help to liberate women
Some women hated their jobs, did not get married, worked in a pact smoky factory doing dangerous jobs, the men were off at war so the woman had to fill in their jobs, lost their jobs when men came back
Arms race
a competition between nations for superiority in the development and accumulation of weapons
Sam Hughes
Canadian Minister of Militia and Defence during World War I
Canadian Expeditionary Force
The designation of the field force created by Canada for service overseas in the war
Lt. General Arthur Currie
The first Canadian Commander
Stalemate
a position where no action can be taken
No Mans Land
The land in between to allies trenches that doesn’t belong to anyone
Total War
An unrestricted war
Billy Bishop
He was the top Canadian flying ace and Victoria Cross recipient of the First World War
Victoria Cross
a decoration that was awarded for conspicuous bravery in the British Commonwealth armed services that was instituted by Queen Victoria in 1856
The Hundred Days
a session of Congress from March 9, 1933 to June 16, 1933, called by President Franklin Roosevelt, in which important social legislation was started
Halifax Explosion
The biggest man made explosion in history - the collision of to ships carrying explosives
Enemy Aliens
A native person not from that country
War Measures Act
A federal statute adopted by Parliament in 1914
Censorship
the suppression or prohibition of any part of books, films, news, etc
Victory Bonds
a bond issued by the government during or after a major war
Income Tax
An annual tax given by the government
Military Service Act
An act of 1917 was a controversial law that allows the conscription of Canadian men for service in the final years of the First World War
Conscientious objectors
A person who objects to fighting in the war
Union government
an organization of workers formed to protect the rights and interests of its members
Suffragettes
Women fighting for the right to vote by protesting
Wartime Elections Act
A bill that Robert Borden passed at the time of the conscription crisis
The Armistice
An agreement made by both sides in a war to stop fighting
Treaty of Versailles
a document signed by Germany and the allied powers that ended the war
Paris Peace Conference
A meeting of the allied victors to set peace terms
Fourteen points
14 goals of the united states
Reparations
Making amends for people who have done wrong
War Guilt Clause
Another name for the Treaty of Versailles
Shell shock
A psychological disturbance from long exposure to the war
Robert Borden
a Canadian lawyer and politician
Main Cause of the War
MAIN
- militarism
- alliance
- imperialism
- nationalism
Main Cause of the War
MAIN
- militarism
- alliance
- imperialism
- nationalism
