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HUMANATIES > WW1 > Flashcards

WW1 Flashcards

1
Q

4 causes of war

A

Nationalism
imperialism
militarism
alliances

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2
Q

Nationalism

A

loyalty and devotion to a nation especially as expressed in a glorifying of one nation above all others and a stressing of the promotion of its culture and interests.

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3
Q

imperialism

A

a policy of extending a country’s power and influence through colonization

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4
Q

militarism

A

the opinions or actions of people who believe that a country should use military methods, forces, etc., to gain power and to achieve its goals.

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5
Q

Alliances

A

a union between people, groups or countries for war and trade

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6
Q

Triple alliance

A

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

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7
Q

Triple entente

A

Great Britain, France, and Russia

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8
Q

when did Archduke Franz Ferdinand die

A

28th of june, 1914

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9
Q

why did archduke franz ferdinand die

A

he was assassinated by a group of Serbians due to rising tentions between Austria-Hungary and Bosnia.

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10
Q

What day did great britian declare war

A

4th of August, 1914

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11
Q

How did australia react to the war

A

Australian citizens were originally very enthusiastic

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12
Q

How many Australians were promised for the british army?

A

20,000

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13
Q

How many australians originally enlisted

A

50,000

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14
Q

8 Reasons to go to war

A
  1. Australia wanted to prove themselves
  2. Loyalty to the mother country
  3. Australia was concerned for future and wanted a strong alliance with britian because of this
  4. adventure!
  5. women encouragement
  6. chance to earn a good wage
  7. Hatred of the enemy
  8. to get away from commitment and family
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15
Q

what are enlistment posters called?

A

Propaganda

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16
Q

why were enlistment posters designed?

A

To convince men to go to war

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17
Q

Why did we need to go to gallipoli?

A

the triple entente needed to transport materials to russia. However in order to reach russia they had to travel through turkey.

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18
Q

Where did Anzacs train before gallipoli? - how long did they train

A

Egypt - they trained for nearly a year

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19
Q

when did we arrive to gallipoli?

A

April 25th, 1916

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20
Q

what was different in Gallipoli to what we originally planned?

A

cliffs were 100m higher
Turks were ready and had the high ground

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21
Q

How many Australians were killed on Gallipoli day 1?

A

600

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22
Q

what were Anzac’s and Turkish soldiers’ thoughts about each other?

A

they had mutual respect, and were both fighting for there own safety and country

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23
Q

when did Anzacs leave gallipoli>

A

20th of Dec, 1915

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24
Q

The Anzac Legend:
11 qualities

A
  • independance
  • determination
  • loyalty
  • mateship
  • selflessness
  • willingness to take risks
  • initiative
  • bravery
  • good humour
  • desire for a fair go
25
Q

When and where did the western front start?

A

In august 1914, Germany invaded France. All the way through Belgium to France.

26
Q

was the Western Front successful?

A

German forces, were not able to move further up France, however this stalemate lasted the entirety of the way, with little to no changes.

27
Q

Machine guns?

A

despite being heavy and difficult to move they could fire 600 rounds per minute, which was extremely lethal.

28
Q

poisonous gas?

A

Chlorine gases were blown over trenches and burned the airways of any not wearing a mask.

29
Q

Tanks?

A

They were created in 1916. While being unreliable, they changed battlefield tactics forever.

30
Q

warfare planes?

A

fitted with machine guns, and were deadly from a distance

31
Q

what did the War Precautions Act do?

A

It gave the government the legal right to regulate and control all war-related acts and items.

32
Q

What were people with the opposing sides’ heritage called?

A

Enemy Aliens

33
Q

what did Germans in Australia have to do?

A

register in police stations, submit to random searches and arrests, and be put into preservation camps. Germans lost their jobs, property, and right to vote.

34
Q

why did censorship occur?

A

to stop the enemy from hearing information it could use against allies. Aswell as “protecting” the homefront from the realities.

35
Q

was censorship effective?

A

Yes!

36
Q

why after 1916 did enlistments drop?

A

News of death and injury were slowly being filtered home.

37
Q

why was the homefront getting tired of war?

A

all industries, resources, and citizens made sacrifices. Shortages of food and everyday necessities were becoming more and more common.

38
Q

conscription

A

compulsory enlistment

39
Q

who is billy hughes?
was he for or against conscription?

A

Billy Hughes was Australia’s prime minister at the time ( apart of the labour party) . After a trip to Great Britain, he was strongly for conscription.

40
Q

1916: 1st plebiscite result:

A

NO!

41
Q

1917: 2nd plebiscite result:

A

NO!

42
Q

Plebiscite

A

A vote citizens take. Similar to a referendum but doesn’t make a change in the constitution.

43
Q

Reasons for yes to the plebiscite

A

equality to sacrifice
Australias reputation
Britain need support
ends war quicker

44
Q

reasons for no to the plebiscite:

A
  • no one should have the right to send another to be killed
  • to many already dead
  • working-class burden
45
Q

How could women enlist?

A

to be a nurse

46
Q

how many nurses enlisted?

A

around 2500

47
Q

were women placed in the workforce?

A

Yes, in roles like teachers and factory workers. But as soon as men returned they were fired.

48
Q

What was 1 factor in the end of the war?

A

Germany had attacked several US ships, which eventually made the US join the war. Which introduced many more soldiers aswell as an increased level of power.

49
Q

what year was Russia out of the triple entente?

A

1917

50
Q

Spring offensive

A

march 21st 1918 Germany fired a million artillery shells

51
Q

Hundred day Offensive

A

in retaliation for the spring offensive, Britain attacked Germany for 100 days straight setting back Germany.

52
Q

when did the war end

A

11th of Nov 1918

53
Q

Who won!

A

Britian (colonies), US, russia

54
Q

what did Germany have to do once they lost?

A

Reduce its boundaries
be stripped of all colonies
reduce their army and weaponry
- agree to pay aligned nations for damage
- accept responsibility

55
Q

How many Australians didnt come home

A

60,000

56
Q

How many were killed, injured or missing

A

9 mil killed
22 mil wounded
5 mil missing

57
Q

Was Australia more divided or unified after 1918?

A

divided

58
Q

What did the Anzacs bring back with them after the war?

A

Spanish flu

HUMANATIES (2 decks)

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