WW1 Flashcards
Emperor
- Doesn’t or isn’t obligated to listen to his populations wants/need
- Greatest purpose to build and grow their empire
- beleive they are god gift
- a spoiled brat
Archduke
heir to the throne of the A-H
Chancellor
appointed by the emperor (mostly in charge of negotiation) to run the country but really the emperor had the final say
Prime Minister/Presidents
Had a goal, had to prove themselves, then stand for election (takes more courage and character then emperors)
- elected by pop.
- must listen to the ideas that will encourage pop to vote for THEM
Chancellor of Germany WW1
Bismarck
Kaiser (Emperor) of Germany WW1
Wilhelm II
Emperor of A-H
Franz Joseph
Tsar (emperor) of Russia
Nicholas II
Countries with prime ministers/presidents
UK
USA
Italy
France
State
deffinition + example
boarded territories with inc. 1 nation of ppl living in it
* france
* serbia
* belgium
* italy
Empire
deffinition + example
boarded territories but multiple nations of ppl many languages, cultures (to collect and own more)
* A-H
* Ottoman
* British
* German
Nation
deffinition + example
defined as nation if share a national identity (language, culture, ethnicity etc)
CAN be a group of ppl don’t have a country of their own live inside of these states/empires (angry ab it ,want to retaliate, ex: quebecois)
* serbs
* croatians
* poles
Nationalism
- being proud of your own nations devotion and intrests.
- many nationalists beleive that nations of people should havbe the right to govern themselves (self dtermination)
Creation of Germany
and how
german nationalism example
1871
* Bismarck manages to convince a buch of little kingdoms to regroup into germany to compete with brit. emp
Military Men vs Civilians/Presidents in charge
- Military men= simple solution BOMB it, destruction
- Vs civilian in charge= approach the situation with different solution instead of straight to war
Arms race
The competition between states to build up the greatest arsenal
Naval Arms Race
- Britain has BIGGEST navy in world and germany tries to compete by building boats too
- but Wilhelm II has no where to put them, just wants to look cool, really dumb idea
- britian retaliates and creates more ships … cycle repeats LEADS TO ARM RACE IN EU
Coloonialism
the practice of occupying other contries and keeping them dependent on the ruling country
Imperialism
policy in which an empire or state dominates other contries politically and economically, either as colonies or by indirect means
German colonialism
- Germany was trying to grow, older empires not like and restricted
- bc Wilhelm II was cry baby and so annoying people just gave him territories so he would shut up
- BALANCE OF POWER IS STRAINED
- ex: the race for africa
france was not keen to share with germany this led too…
tensions between the two empires
Secret Alliances before and after war
- Before: expected everyone was lying no one could be trusted
- After: made illegal
Alliance
Open or secret agreement between states/empires to support and protect each other from enemies
How did germany’s alliances fall apat
- Bismarck created all the alliances was trusted man
- Bismarck “retires”/fired (1890)
- alliances started to fall apart bc WII didnt follow up and no bismarck to clean up his mess
Triple Entente
- France
- Russia
- Britain
Triple Alliance
- Germany
- A-H
- Italy
The Balkans
- Bulgaria
- Serbia
Franz Ferdinand Life story
- born to privlige but still chose to be an intelectual and read/learn (unstereotypical)
- Morganatic mariage to Sofia with kids
Assasination that triggered the War 1914
- FF in Bosnia
- In the open doing a speech or walking somthing
- Blackhand extremists scatter amungst crowd with bombs + guns
- MISSES kills other ppl
- Arch leaves but takes diff path
- BY COINCIDENCE Gavrilo(terrorist) = hungry goes to cafe, SEES ARCH and gets up to car shoots both Franz and Sofia
Blackhand
Terrorist/revolutionist/ extremerist/radiacl nationlists: Serbians that wanted independance from bosnia (ALL under A-H empire)
all they want is freedom
Why does austria declare war on serbia
- They assasinated their leader
- must have big consequences for for outrages act
- FJ overreacts on purpose, needs to show his wrath and power
- to show to not screw with A-H
Consequences of austria declaration of war
- germany supports A-H
- A-H war with serbia
- russia supports serbia
- germany war with france just cause they allies with russia
- germany war on belgium cause doesnt ally with them to let them pass
- england supports belgium so war on germany
- Seals the deal: UK + France declare war on A-H
How it turns into a WW
reginal war –> european war –> World war
- countries bring colonies troups in to battle
- All these countries blindly accepted the system of alliances and the system of the balance of power without any regard for the consequences.
