WW 1: ATOM-CLASH OF TITANS Flashcards
What controversial idea did Ludwig Boltzmann believe in that contributed to his suicide in 1906?
That matter isnt infinitely divisible and that atoms existed.
Why was there such a demand to study the movement and behavior of water vapor during this time?
Due to people wanting to be more effective and efficient with steam.
What surprising observation did Robert Brown make when he examined pollen grains in water under a microscope?
Brownian motion- The excessive and rapid movement of particles
What did Albert Einstein believe was causing the movement of the pollen grains?
The existence of atoms because the pollen grains wouldnt move if the water isnt made of atoms moving rapidly.
A single human hair is ___
atoms wide.
1,000,000 (1 million)
What three important discoveries were made in the early 20th century that made it possible to unlock atoms?
1) X-Rays
2) Granium
3) ELECTRONS
Give one example of an unusual property held by radioactive materials.
- Gives out energy such as Alpha Particles, protons, and electrons.
What does radium emit?
Alpha Rails
What were the initial results of the gold foil experiment?
Nothing unusual occured.
Why did most of the alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil?
- Because they weren’t hitting the nucleus, therefore he concluded that atoms are mostly empty spaces and that the nucleus is positively charged.
How big would a person be if all the empty space within atoms were removed?
- smaller than a grain of rice/particle of a dust
According to Neils Bohr, the electrons in an atom are more analogous to a multistory building than a solar system. What part of the atom is at the ground floor? where are electrons located?
Nucleus - Ground floor
Electrons - Floors above
When an electron jumps from a higher to lower quantum, what happens?
Emits light (*different color depending on the size of the jump)
Summarize what Pauli’s exclusion principle states about electron shells.
Only a certain number of electrons can be in a certain shell at once. (*Each electron shell can hold a limited number of electrons. Explaining the diversity of elements and their properties)
A physicist named Erwin Schroedinger showed that electrons are really ___ of ___.
- waves; energy
