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WSET Level 3 > WSET Level 3 Ch 18-31 > Flashcards

WSET Level 3 Ch 18-31 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the IGP for the Loire Valley?

A

Val de Loire

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2
Q

What are the white wine varieties of the Loire Valley?

A

Sauvignon Blanc, Chenin Blanc and Melon Blanc/Muscadet/Melon de Bourgogne

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3
Q

Where is Sancerre and Pouilly-Fume from and what grape is it?

A

Loire Valley, Sauvignon Blanc

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4
Q

Where is Vouvray and Saumur (sparkling) from and what is the grape?

A

Loire Valley, Chenin Blanc

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5
Q

Where is Muscadet Sevre et Maine from?

A

Loire Valley

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6
Q

What is the most planted black grape in the Loire Valley and what is the famous region?

A

Cabernet Franc, Chinon

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7
Q

What is the second most grown black grape in the Loire valley?

A

Gamay

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8
Q

Where is rose mainly produced in the Loire Valley?

A

Anjou-Saumur

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9
Q

What are the climate differences of northern and southern Rhone

A

Northern Rhone is moderate continental and southern Rhone is Mediterranean

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10
Q

What is the Misrtal in France

A

Cold north winds

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11
Q

What is the only black grape permitted in the Northern Rhone?

A

Syrah

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12
Q

What white grape can be added to Syrah in Northern Rhone to stabilize?

A

Viognier

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13
Q

What is the main white grape in Northern Rhone?

A

Viognier

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14
Q

What white grapes other than Viognier are grown in Northern Rhone?

A

Marsanne and Roussanne

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15
Q

Where is the Cru appellation Cote Rotie and what grape is it?

A

Northern Rhone, Syrah, can have up to 20% Viognier

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16
Q

Where is the Cru appellation Hermitage and why is it famous?

A

Northern Rhone, sleep slopes, fullest body Syrahs

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17
Q

What are 3 key Cru appellations in Northern Rhone?

A

Condrieu, Saint-Joseph and Cornas

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18
Q

What is special about the soil in the Southern Rhone?

A

The stoney soil with large galets

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19
Q

Why are the vines trained low in Southern Rhone

A

The mistral is more powerful here because it’s flat

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20
Q

What are the main black varieties in Southern Rhone?

A

Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre and Cinsault

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21
Q

What grape adds the gamey/meaty quality to Chateauneuf-du-Pape?

A

Mourvedre

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22
Q

What white varieties are grown in southern Rhone?

A

Clairette, Grenache Blanc and Bourboulenc

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23
Q

What is the generic appellation in Southern Rhone?

A

Cotes du Rhone

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24
Q

What is the largest Cru in Southern Rhone? Grenache dominates here

A

Châteauneuf-du-pape

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25
Q

Where are the crus Gigondas and Vacqueyras located?

A

Southern Rhone

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26
Q

Where are Tavel and Lirac located? They are famous for rose

A

Southern Rhone

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27
Q

What are the three regions that make up Southern France in wine?

A

Languedoc, Roussillon and Provence

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28
Q

What is the climate in Languedoc, Roussillon and Provence?

A

Warm mediterranean

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29
Q

What are the major grapes in Languedoc and Roussillon?

A

Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre and Carignan

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30
Q

Where is Pocpoul de Pinet?

A

Languedoc

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31
Q

What are the IGP wines made in Languedoc-Roussillon called?

A

Pays d’Oc, easy drinking, fruity wines

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32
Q

Where are the most IGP wines in France made?

A

Languedoc-Roussillon

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33
Q

Where is the appellation Bandol?

A

Provence, premium rose

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34
Q

What country classifies wine by must weight?

A

Germany

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35
Q

What are the PDO categories for Riesling in Germany in order from dry to sweet?

A

Kabinett, Spatlese, Aulese, Eiswein, Beerenauslese (BA) and Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA)

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36
Q

What are dry style Rieslings generally labeled in Germany? The remaining levels are generally referred to in the Prädikatswein levels.

A

Qualitatswein

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37
Q

What is a label used to designate some of the best Rieslings in Germany?

A

Grosses Gewachs (GG)

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38
Q

What is the label for all wines that will have some residual sugar in Germany?

A

Pradikatswein

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39
Q

What is the term for dry wine in Germany?

A

Troken

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40
Q

What label is shown for a group that classifies the vineyards in Germany?

A

VDP

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41
Q

What other white grapes are grown in Germany?

A

Muller-Thurgau (Rivaner), Silvaner, Pinot Gris and Pinot Blanc

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42
Q

What is Spatburgunder?

A

Pinot Noir in Germany

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43
Q

What black grapes are grown in Germany?

A

Spatburgunder (Pinot Noir) and Dornfelder

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44
Q

Where are the well known villages Piesport, Bernkastel and Wehlen located?

A

Mosel

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45
Q

What region is located where the river mosel joins the river rhein?

A

Mosel

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46
Q

What is Germany’s largest region and which area has the greatest rep?

A

Rheinhessen, Nierstein

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47
Q

Where is Schloßböckelheim located? It’s known for ripe Riesling

A

Nahe in Germany

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48
Q

What area of Germany is seen as a continuation of Alsace?

A

Pfalz (Forst, Deidesheim)

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49
Q

What is the climate of Austria?

A

Cool continental

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50
Q

What are the main white grapes grown in Austria?

A

Gruner Veltliner, Welschriesling and Reisling

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51
Q

What grape is a crossing of Blaufränkisch and St Laurent?

A

Zweigelt - the most widely planted black grape in Austria

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52
Q

What are the top black grape varieties grown in Austria?

A

Zweigelt, Blaufränkisch and St Laurent

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53
Q

What are the PDO designations in Austria?

A

Qualitatswein or DAC

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54
Q

What does Strohwein mean?

A

To designate that the grapes were dried on straw

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55
Q

What is the DAC (Districtus Austriae Controllatus) in Austria?

A

Nine small areas that have a designated style

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56
Q

In what country are the regions Niederösterreich, Burgenland, Steiermark and Wien located?

A

Austria

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57
Q

What is the most important subregion in Niederösterreich in Austria?

A

Wachau - for Gruner and Reisling

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58
Q

What are the two levels o the Weinviertel DAC in Austria?

A

Klassik - light and fresh
Reserve - higher abv, oak

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59
Q

What are the three grape varieties in Tokaj?

A

Furmint, Harslevelu, Sarga Muskotaly (Muscat)

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60
Q

What Tokaj grape is mostly used in sweet Aszu wines?

A

Furmint

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61
Q

Why is Tokaji Szamorodni different?

A

It is harvested “as it comes” with grapes that are dried and with varying levels of noble rot

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62
Q

What are Aszu berries?

A

Grapes affected by botrytis normally added in a paste during Tokaji production

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63
Q

What is the Tokaji called that uses the free run juice from aszu berries?

A

Tokaji Eszencia - very rare

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64
Q

What is the climate in Greece?

A

Hot Mediterranean

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65
Q

What are the two red grapes relevant in Greece for PDO wines?

A

Xinomavro (Naossa) and Agirgitiko (Nemea)

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66
Q

What is done in Santorini to protect the vines from the strong winds?

A

Permanent wood is trained into a basket shape and grapes grow n the inside

67
Q

What is the relevant white grape most well known in Greece?

A

Assyrtiko

68
Q

What is the sweet wine from Greece made from sun dried grapes called?

A

Vinsanto

69
Q

Where are Naoussa and Nemeo PDOs located?

A

Greece

70
Q

What grape is Xinomavro often compared to?

A

Nebbiolo

71
Q

What is the PDO equivalent in Italy?

A

DOP

72
Q

What does Riserva mean in Italian wine?

A

Higher abv and longer aging

73
Q

What is the difference between DOC and DOCG

A

DOC designates geographical boundaries and methods - the added G must be bottled where produced and are subject to tastings by the ministry of Agriculture

74
Q

What trellising system was used in Northern Italy to protect grapes from sun burn?

A

Pergola trellising system

75
Q

Where are Alto Adige and Trentino located?

A

Northern Italy

76
Q

Where is Friuli-Venezia Giulia located? Known for ripe Pinot Grigio and Merlot

A

Northern Italy

77
Q

What is one of Italy’s largest wine producing regions that is in Northern Italy?

A

Veneto

78
Q

Where are Soave and Valpolicella made in Northern Italy?

A

Veneto

79
Q

What is the main grape in Soave?

A

Garganega

80
Q

What is the main grape in valpolicella?

A

Corvina

81
Q

What is the method where grapes are picked early and dried indoors?

A

The Passito method

82
Q

What are two wines made using the passito method?

A

Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG (dry) and Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG (sweet)

83
Q

What method “re-passes” the Valpolicella wine onto the dried grape skins of Amarone

A

The ripasso method

84
Q

What wine uses the ripasso method?

A

Valpolicella Ripasso DOC

85
Q

What are the main black grapes in Piemonte?

A

Nebbiolo, Barbera and Dolcetto

86
Q

What are the main white grapes in Piemonte

A

Cortese and Moscato

87
Q

What grape makes Barolo DOCG?

A

Nebbiolo

88
Q

What differentiates Barolo DOCG aging requirements?

A

It must be aged for 3 years

89
Q

What grape is used in Barbaresco?

A

Nebbiolo - Must be aged 24 months

90
Q

What grapes are grown in Asti and Alba?

A

Barbera and Dolcetto

91
Q

Where are Gavi, Asti and Alba located?

A

Piemonte

92
Q

What is main grape in Gavi?

A

Cortese

93
Q

What are the three areas of Tuscany?

A

Chianti in the North, The hills and valleys to the south and the flat coastal plain

94
Q

What grape dominates in Tuscany?

A

Sangiovese

95
Q

What is does Gran Selezione mean for Chianti Classico?

A

Highest quality level - single estate, aged 30 months

96
Q

What are Chianti Rufina DOCG and Chianti Colli Senesi DOCG known for?

A

Quality

97
Q

What is the difference between Chianti Classico DOCG and Chianti Classico Riserva DOCG?

A

Aged 12 months vs. Aged 24 months with at least 3 in the bottle

98
Q

What geographically makes Chianti Classico better?

A

Higher altitude

99
Q

What are the best known appellations in Southern Tuscany?

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

100
Q

What are the requirements for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

100% Sangiovese and age for 5 years before they are sold - 2 of them in oak

101
Q

What is the premium wine from the coast in Tuscany?

A

Super Tuscans

102
Q

What are Super Tuscans made of?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

103
Q

What high quality wines come from the Tuscan coast other than Super Tuscans?

A

Toscana IGT and Bolgheri DOC

104
Q

What area is similar to Tuscany but more continental?

A

Umbria

105
Q

What is Umbria known for?

A

Orvieto DOC - Grechetto

106
Q

What is Lazio known for?

A

Frascati DOC

107
Q

Where are Umbria, Lazio, Marche and Abruzzo located?

A

Central Italy

108
Q

What is Marche known for?

A

Verdicchio

109
Q

Where are Campania, Basilicata and Puglia located?

A

Southern Italy

110
Q

What is Campania known for?

A

Fiano di Avellino DOCG and Greco di Tufo DOCG

111
Q

What are the main white grapes in campania?

A

Fiano and Greco

112
Q

What is the main black grape in Campania and Basilicata?

A

Aglianico

113
Q

What area of southern Italy is known for large volumes and a hot climate?

A

Puglia

114
Q

What are the main grapes grown in Puglia?

A

Primitivo and Negroamaro

115
Q

What is the dominant black grape in Sicily?

A

Nero d’Avola

116
Q

Where are some of the best old vine wines on Sicily from?

A

Etna DOC

117
Q

What is the climate zone in the center of Spain called? What is the climate?

A

Meseta Central - hot continental

118
Q

What is the climate on the east coast of Spain?

A

Warm Mediterranean

119
Q

What is the climate in the N/NE of Spain?

A

Moderate maritime

120
Q

What key grape in Spain in is thick skinned with medium acidity?

A

Tempranillo

121
Q

What are the three main black grape varieties in Spain?

A

Tempranillo, Garnacha and Monastrell

122
Q

What are the key white grapes in Spain?

A

Verdejo, Albarino and Airen

123
Q

What grape is used in white Rioja?

A

Macabeo/Viura

124
Q

What key wine style uses Parellada, Xarel-lo and Macabeo?

A

Cava

125
Q

What is PDO in Spain?

A

DOP or DO

126
Q

What is PGI in Spain?

A

VdlT = Vino de la Tierra

127
Q

What are the small numbers of estates that use their own grapes designated as in Spain? (VP)

A

Vinos de Pagos

128
Q

What are the Spanish aging levels in order?

A

Joven, Crianza, Reserva, Gran Reserva

129
Q

What are the aging levels for reds in Spain?

A

Joven - No Min aging requirements
Crianza - at least 24 months aged with at least 6 in barrel
Reserva - at least 36 months aged with at least 12 in barrel
Gran Reserva - at least 60 months aged with at least 18 in barrel

130
Q

Where are Rioja, Navarra and Carinena and Catalyud in Spain?

A

The upper Erbo

Erbo is a river

131
Q

What are the 3 sections of Rioja?

A

Rioja Alavesa, Rioja Alta, Rioja Baja

132
Q

What do early drinking Riojas typically undergo?

A

semi-carbonic maceration

133
Q

Navarra typically uses Tempranillo but increasingly blends with what grape?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

134
Q

Where is nearly all cava made?

A

Catalunya, Penedes

135
Q

Where are Penedes and Priorat located in Spain?

A

Catalunya

136
Q

What are the main grapes grown in Priorat?

A

Garnacha and carinena

137
Q

Why is the llicorella soil in Priorat special?

A

It’s red slate that retains water and reflects heat from the sparkling mica particles

138
Q

Why is mechanism impossible in Priorat?

A

Bush vines and steep slopes

139
Q

Where are Ribiera del Duero, Rueda and Toro located in Spain?

A

The Duero Valley

140
Q

Where are Rias Baixas and Bierzo located in Spain?

A

the North West

141
Q

Why are pergolas used in Rias Baixas?

A

Damp climate can cause mildew - it helps with air circulation

142
Q

Where are Valencia and Jumilla and Yecla located?

A

The Levante (med coast south of Catalunya)

143
Q

What large area of Spain is known for value for money wines and growing Monastrell?

A

Valencia

144
Q

Why are Jumilla and Yecla perfect for Monastrell?

A

Hot and arid climate

145
Q

Where are La Mancha and Valdepenas located?

A

Castilla-La Mancha, central area of Meseta central, south of Madrid

146
Q

What is the largest DO in Spain where the majority of Vinos de Pago come from?

A

La Mancha

147
Q

What white grape is grown throughout Castilla-La Mancha?

A

Airen

148
Q

What is PDO in Portugal?

A

DOP or DOC

149
Q

What is PGI in Portugal?

A

IGP or Vinho Regional

150
Q

Where in Portugal is canopy management (VSP) important due to the maritime climate?

A

Vinho Verde

151
Q

What local varieties is Vinho Verde made from?

A

Loureiro and Arinto

152
Q

What are these varieties used for? Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franca, Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo), Tinta Barroca and Tinta Cao

A

Port

153
Q

What is the mountainous region in Portugal known for Touriga Nacional, Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo)?

A

Dao

154
Q

Where is Baga the dominant black grape in Portugal?

A

Barriada

155
Q

What are the larger areas with less stringent rules in Portugal called?

A

Vinho Regional

156
Q

What grape is the region of Nantais in the Loire Valley known for?

A

Melon Blanc, Muscadet

157
Q

In what region in France is Sancerre?

A

Loire Valley

158
Q

What is Pessac-Leognan in Graves in Bordeaux known for?

A

Premium oaked style of Sauvignon Blanc

159
Q

Of these three regions in Loire, which is made exclusively in a dry style? Rose de Loire, Rose d’Anjou, Cabernet d’Anjou

A

Rose de Loire

160
Q

Why is Albarino a good grape for Rias Baixas?

A

It’s thick skinned and is fungus resistant in the wet climate

161
Q

What are three reasons winemakers blend?

A

Complexity, insurance, balance

162
Q

What region in Northern Rhone is known for Syrah and name means “roasted slope”?

A

Cote Rotie

163
Q

What is the most important area in Northern Rhone for volume?

A

Crosez-Hermitage

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