WSET Level 2. Week 1 (Wine production - Growing conditions, labels). Flashcards
From which 2 parts of a grape is flavour to be found?
Skins Pulp
Where in a grape is sugar to be found?
The pulp
Which country uses DO/DOCa for its wines?
Spain (Italy is similar: DOC & DOCG)
What term is used in Europe to represent GI Geographical Indications?
PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) - for the more famous wines. PGI (Protected Geographical Indication) - less strict regulations for larger regional wines, and often high volume inexpensive wines.
Apart from warmth, carbon dioxide, and water, what are the 2 other requirements for ripening grapes?
Sunlight and Nutrients in soil
Most vineyards are located between what latitudes?
30° and 50° Not too cold and not too hot. In both hemispheres.
What flavours are associated with wine made from extra ripe grapes?
Dried-fruit character (raisins for example).
What 2 weather hazards can destroy a vine’s grapes, or potential for grapes (buds)?
Hail. Frost.
Cloud, fog and mist have what effect on ripeness levels?
Slows down ripening as less sunlight for photosynthesis.
Which word is used to represent the time when grapes change colour during ripening?
Veraison
Which grape ripens successfully in warm climates only?
Grenache
What is contained within grape skins that have an influence on wine style?
Tannins Colour Flavour
Which country uses AOP/AOC for its wines?
France
What might be used to provide water in dry wine regions?
Irrigation.
Dilution through high levels of rain (or irrigation) can result in dilute, simple tasting wines. What factor can reduce this effect?
Soil. Well drained stony soil holds less water.
Sprays are used to combat what 3 challenges in the vineyard?
Pests such as insects. Fungal diseases.Weeds. Note, Organic wines are made without the use of these chemicals.
Which grapes grows well in cool, moderate and warm climates? x2
Chardonnay Chenin Blanc
Does the labeling term Old Vines/Vieilles Vignes have a legal basis?
No. It implies higher quality but not guaranteed.
What happens to acidity levels as grapes ripen?
The acidity drops (becomes riper tasting as the acidity drops and sugar levels increase).
What word describes the creation of sugars from carbon dioxide (CO2) and water using light energy?
Photosynthesis
Where in a grape is acidity to be found?
The pulp
What happens to the temperature at higher altitudes?
It gets cooler. Hence fresher styles can come from these areas.
Large bodies of water create extremes or moderate extremes?
Moderate. Not as cold in the winter and not as hot in the summer (ocean and lakeside breezes). Less likely to see a snowman on the beach!
What do GIs and PDOs represent?
Place of origin Often that only permitted grape varieties are used
Colour of aged red wine (before tawny)?
Garnet.
How can soil affect the ripeness of grapes?
Stony soils retain warmth and so continue to ripen grapes late in the day. This is useful in cooler climates.
Is the quality of wine defined by the method of harvesting?
No. High quality wine can be made from both hand harvested and machine harvested grapes. For the machine harvested grapes the quality grapes can be selected at the winery.
Colour of aged white wine (before brown)?
Amber.
Which country uses Qualitatswein and Pradikatswein for its wines?
Germany
When is hand harvesting essential?
On steep slopes. When whole bunches of grapes are requiredWhen selection of noble rotted grapes is required.
