WSET I.1 grape growing/winemaking

Question 1

What is wine made from?

Answer 1

fermented grape juice from fresh grapes

Question 2

What are the four parts of a grape?

Answer 2

stem, skin, pulp and seeds

Question 3

What are the two principle types of grapes?

Answer 3

black and white

Question 4

True or False: The color of the pulp and juice in black grapes is different from white grapes

Answer 4

False - both have clear juice and pulp

Question 5

True or False: White grape skins provide tannin and color to the wine

Answer 5

False - only black grapes have color and tannin in their skins

Question 6

What is grape juice made of?

Answer 6

water, sugar and acid

Question 7

Tannins make your mouth feel __________

Answer 7

dry

Question 8

True or False: The skin of black grapes provides acid, sugar and color

Answer 8

False - only provides color and tannin

Question 9

What is fermentation?

Answer 9

the process of turning sugar into alcohol

Question 10

What is needed for fermentation to take place?

Answer 10

yeast

Question 11

Which of the following is/are byproducts of fermentation?

(a) sugar
(b) Co2
(c) acid
(d) alcohol

Answer 11

(b) CO2 and (d) Alcohol

Question 12

What does ABV stand for?

Answer 12

alcohol by volume

Question 13

Fermentation vessels are usually made of ___________

Answer 13

stainless steel

Question 14

What makes a wine dry (during fermentation)?

Answer 14

all the sugar is consumed/converted to alcohol

Question 15

What happens to the CO2 during fermentation of still wine?

Answer 15

it escapes through the top of the fermentation vessel

Question 16

What happens to the alcohol produced during fermentation?

Answer 16

it becomes part of the resuting liquid

Question 17

What makes a wine sweet (during fermentation)?

Answer 17

because there is so much sugar, the yeasts die from the alcohol before they convert all the sugar

Question 18

What is “fortification?”

Answer 18

the addition of alcohol during fermentation to kill the yeast before all the sugar has been converted

Question 19

What are the 3 stages of grape growing?

Answer 19

1. flowering
2. flowers become grapes
3. grapes ripen

Question 20

Grapevines flower in which season?

Answer 20

spring

Question 21

Grapes ripen in which season?

Answer 21

summer

Question 22

True or False: when black grape flowers turn into grapes, they are dark in color

Answer 22

false - all grapes are hard and green at this stage

Question 23

As grapes ripen, which of these does NOT happen (choose all that apply):

(a) grapes swell with water
(b) White grapes change in color from green to clear
(c) Acid levels rise
(d) sugar levels fall
(e) Flavors become fuller

Answer 23

(b) White grapes change in color from green to GOLDEN
(c) Acid levels FALL
(d) sugar levels RISE

Question 24

True or False: grape vines like to grow where the climate is warm year-round

Answer 24

false - vines grow best in areas where the winter is cold enough for them to rest.

Question 25

If a wine has high acidity, low sugar and tastes out of balance, if might be because: (a) climate is too warm (b) climate is too dry (c) climate is too cool

Answer 25

(c) too cool - grapes struggle to ripen

Question 26

Which region is better for growing grapes, northern or southern Australia?

Answer 26

southern

Question 27

name some characteristics of wines grown in cool climates

Answer 27

lower sugar, higher acid

Question 28

Name some characteristics of wines from warmer climates:

Answer 28

higher sugar, lower acid, riper flavors

Question 29

name some examples of cool wine growing areas

Answer 29

Germany, northern France

Question 30

name some examples of warm wine growing areas

Answer 30

Australia, parts of California

Question 31

Which grape type is grown in cooler and warmer climates, respectively? White = Black =

Answer 31

white in cool and black in warm

Question 32

what do grape vines need to produce good quality fruit? a) sunlight b) shade c) humidity d) heat

Answer 32

a) sunlight and d) heat

Question 33

True of false: grapes grow best the closer they are to the equator

Answer 33

false - too hot with not enough temperature variation

Question 34

List the steps for white wine making

Answer 34

crush, press, ferment, maturation, bottling

Question 35

List the steps for red wine making

Answer 35

crush, ferment, draining, pressing, maturation, bottling

Question 36

List the steps for rose wine making

Answer 36

crush, ferment (short time with skins), draining, final ferment, maturation, bottling

Question 37

True or False: white wine can only be made from white grapes

Answer 37

false

Question 38

White grapes are pressed before/after fermentation?

Answer 38

before - and then skins are removed before fermentation

Question 39

True or false: before red wine is fermented, the skins are removed

Answer 39

false - fermentation with skins provides color and tannin

Question 40

True or false: during fermentation, the skins are pumped over or punched down when making white wine

Answer 40

false - no skins present during white wine fermentation

Question 41

True or false: after pressing, red wines can be matured in stainless steel or oak barrels

Answer 41

true

Question 42

When making red wine, at what stage is color and tannin extracted? a) crushing b) pressing c) fermentation

Answer 42

c) fermentation

Question 43

How long is juice left in contact with skins when making rose? a) days b) hours

Answer 43

b) hours

Question 44

rose is more commonly stored in a) oak barrels b) stainless steel

Answer 44

b) stainless steel

Question 45

Which style of wine is made using this order of winemaking processes? 1. Crush 2. Fermentation 3. Pressing 4. Maturation 5. Bottling

Answer 45

red

Question 46

Which style of wine is made using this order of winemaking processes? 1. Crush 2. Pressing 3. Fermentation 4. Maturation 5. Bottling

Answer 46

white

Question 47

Which style of wine is made using this order of winemaking processes? 1. Crushing 2. Fermentation 3. Draining after a few hours 4. Maturation 5. Bottling

Answer 47

rose

Question 48

True or False: Most parts of California are generally considered to be cooler than most parts of Germany and France.

Answer 48

false

Question 49

Does the skin of the grape taste sweeter or more bitter when compared to the pulp?

Answer 49

more bitter

Question 50

Where are most of the sugars in a grape stored?

Answer 50

juice

Question 51

What does skin contribute to wine?

Answer 51

color and tannin

Question 52

What does pulp contribute to wine?

Answer 52

water, sugar, and acid

Question 53

Which of these describes the alcohol content of the majority of still wines? a) 8% to 15% abv b) 12% to 15% abv c) 11.5% to 14% abv

Answer 53

c) 11.5% to 14% abv

Question 54

How long does it take grape vines to reach maturity and begin producing grapes? a) a few months b) a couple of years c) decades

Answer 54

b) a couple of years

Question 55

How long can grape vines live? a) only a few years b) decades

Answer 55

b) decades

Question 56

Grapes are picked in which season?

Answer 56

late summer / early fall

Question 57

True or False: Red wines are usually bottled before maturation?

Answer 57

false