WSET help (1) Flashcards by Claire Chavez

CA areas for high quality merlot

Cooler areas: Monterey, North Coast
Warmer areas: Napa, Sonoma

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Napa Valleys highest temps (most concentrated)

Saint Helena AVA
Calistoga AVA

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CA regions premium Pinot Noir

Russian River Valley AVA
Los Carneros AVA
Santa Maria Valley AVA

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CA Sauv Blanc (brisk acidity, bursting citrus notes)

Costal areas

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CA valley floor AVA for rich, complex “dusty” Cabernet Sauvignon

Rutherford AVA

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Mendocino County AVA for Rieslings, Gewurztraminers and sparkling wines

Anderson Valley AVA

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Santa Cruz Mountain AVA celebrated international grapes

Cabernet Sauvignon
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir

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Sonoma AVA (north of Russian River AVA) known for higher temps

Dry Creek Valley AVA
Alexander Valley AVA

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Climactic factor that links all of CA regions

Low rainfall during ripening season

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Santa Maria Valley grape

Pinot Noir (cool)

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Santa Rita Hills grape

Pinot Noir (cool)

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Santa Ynez Valley grape

Syrah
Bordeaux: cab sauv and merlot
warmest

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Santa Barbara County AVAs for Pinot Noir and Chardonnay

Santa Maria AVA
Santa RIta Hills AVA

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San Luis Obispo County AVA for Caberbnet Sauvignon, Merlot and Syrah

Paso Robles AVA

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Monterey County AVA for rich, complex chardonnay

Santa Lucia Highlands AVA

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CA area for largest planting of Merlot

San Joaquin Valley in Central Valley

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Saying for CA Pinot noir

Santa Maria picks black pine cones (Pinot noir) from Russian River to feed Ram (carneros)

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Saying for Napa Cabs

Rutherford picks Nappy (Napa cab) Oaks (Oakville) for his Stag (stags leap)

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Sayings for grapes from Santa Maria, Ynez and Rita in So Cal

Maria = middle = Pinot Noir/Chard
Rita = really included (in other) = aromatics + Pinot noir and chardonnay
Ynez = youâ€™re on your own = Syrah + Bordeaux

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Saying for wamest area in Napa

Near Chalk HIll gap
Calistoga (C)
Saint Helena (H)

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Saying for Monteray county chardonnay

Lucia = shine (Santa Lucia Highlands AVA)
Shiny Chardonnay in Monterey

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Washington red gapes

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Syrah

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Washington whites

Riesling
Chardonnay

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New York reds

Pinot Noir (Noir = New York - N’s)
Cabernet Sauvignon (think Cabarets in New York)

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Oakanagan white grapes

Pinot Gris Chardonnay Ice wine: Riesling, vidal

Okanogan black grapes

Merlot Pinot noir

Niagara peninsula black grapes

Cab franc (most planted) Pinot Noir Cab Sauv Merlot

Niagara peninsula white grapes

Chardonnay Ice wine: Riesling, vidal

Bordeaux cab sauv

Haut Medoc Graves

Bordeaux Cab Franc

St. Emilion > Graves, Medoc

Bordeaux Merlot

St. Emilion Pomerol

Bordeaux Semillon

Pessac-Leognan Graves

L bank bordeaux

Medoc Graves Sauternes

R bank Bordeaux

St. Emilion Pomerol

`Premium Bordeaux Muscadelle

Pessac-Leognan

Bordeaux region in standard appellation

St. Emilion

Top Medoc Crus Classe (5 ranks)

Chateaux Lafite Rothschild Latour Margeaux Mont Rothschild

Top Sauternes crus classee (3 ranks)

Chateaux D' Yquem

Pessac-Leognan and graves (red/white seperate) appellation

Cru Classe

'Medoc' wine locations

Bas-Medoc

Highest reputation Haut Medoc Communes

Saint-Estephe Paulliac Saint-Jullien Margeaux

Best dry whites in Bordeaux

Pessac-Leognan

Top sweet wines Bordeaux

Banks of Garonne and tributary Ciron

Sauternes other name

Barsac

'.... Cotes Do Bordeaux'

Blaye Cadillac Catillon Francs

Sweet from Cotes de Bourg

Premier Cotes De Bordeaux

Dordogne areas

Bergerac (W/R) Monbazillac (rot)

Cahours grape

Malbec

Cotes de Gasgone grape

Ugni Blanc

Juancon grape

Petit Manseng

Madrian grape

Tanat

Champane premier cru # and grand cru #

44 17

Most famous subregions of champagne appellation

Montagne de Reims

Best versus rest press juice in champagne

Cuvee Taille

Finest wine from champagne region

Prestige Cuvee

Asti location

Piemonte

Peimonte asti grapes

Muscat blanc a Petit Grains

Champagne chardonnay regions

Cotes des Blancs Cotes de Sezanne

Champagne pinot noir regions

Montage de Reims Cotes des Bar

Champange Meunier regions

Voallee De La Marne

Cremant regions

d' Alsace De Bourgogne De Loire

Sparkling loire regions

Saumur (chardonnay, CB) Vouvray (CB)

Cava regions

Catalan > Navarra, Rioja, Valencia

Cava grapes

Macebo (Viura) Xarel-Lo Parellada +/- Chard, PN

Cava rose grapes

Granacha Monastrell

Prosecco Region

Conegliano-Valdobbiadene DOCG

Exception vineyards for prosecco

Cartizze Rive

Prosecco grape

Glera

Prosecco sparkling rose grapes

Glera Up to 15% Pinot Noir

German Sparkling wine

Sekt

German sparkling wine base wine locations

France Italy Spain

Deutscher sekt grape location

Germany

Best German sparkling wine grape

Riesling

Name for German sparkling wine, app grapes from one quality region

Deutscher Sekt bA

New Zealand sparkling wine grapes

Champagne grapes

Highest volueme New Zealand sparkling wines

Marlborough

USA best sparkling wine AVAs

Los Carneros AVA Anderson Valley AVA

USA sparkling wine grapes

Chardonay Pinot Noir

USA inexpensive sparkling wine region

Central valley

Australia sparkling wine regions

Cooler: Yarra Valley, Adelaide Hills, Tasmania (Chard, PN) Warmer: Riverina ($)

Best Australian sparkling red grape

Shiraz (some excellent CS, merlot)

South African Sparkling wine name

Cap Classique

Best South African sparkling wine grapes

Chardonnay Pinot Noir

Beaujolais appellations

Name Village Crus

Beaujolais climate like

Maconnais

Beaujolais grape

Gamay

Highest production of beaujolais cru

Brouilly (light, perfumed) Morgan Fleurie (light, perfumed) Moulin-A-Vert (structured)

Beaujolais and beaujolais noveau location

Alluvial plain of River Saone

Number of Beaujolais villages

Alsace mountains

Vosges

Location with highest biodynamic viticulture in france

Alsace

Noble Grapes of Alsace

Riesling (less floral than germany) Gewurztraminer (golden) Pinot Gris (more acid vs Gew) Muscat blanc a petit grains Muscat ottonel

Non noble grapes of Alsace

Pinot Blanc Auxerrics Sylvaner Pinot Noir (only black)

Alsace wine for juice not for single varietal

Edelzwicker Gentillity Brand Name

Sec, Demi-sec, Moelleux and doux and sweetness category region

Alsace

Alsace grape less floral than Germany

Rieling

Alsace grape oily, golden

Gewurztraminer

Alsace grape orange blossom, prone to poor fruit set

Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains

ALsace grape more reliable and less aromatic than similar

Muscat Ottonel

Alsace grape more acidity same color as Gewurz

Pinot Gris

Alsace grape widely planted fertile plains

Pinot Blanc

Alsace grape spicier and fuller than pinot blanc

Auxerrios

ALsace grape delicate perfume

Sylvaner

Alsace only black grape

Pinot Noir

Longest river in france

Loire

Whole region Loire valley IGP

Val de Loire

Loire grape for Touraine and Anjou-Saumur

Chenin Blanc

Loire Chenin Blanc dry to luciously sweet, clay soil

Vouvray

Loire sparkling chenin blanc

Saumur

Loire dry, sometimes new oak chenin blanc

Anjou

Loire air flow region for chenin blanc for late harvest and decades

Sauvennieres

Loire most renown chenin blanc sweet wine in world

Coteaux du Layon

Coteaux du Layon river

Layon

Best Coteaux du Layon chenin blanc

Quats de Chaume Bonnezeaux

Loire melon blanc region

Nantais

Best Loire Melon Blanc

Muscadet Sevre et Maine Muscadet Serve et Maine Sur Lie

Loire Sauv Blanc Regions

Central Vineyard Touraine

Loire most prestigious Sauv Blanc

Sancerre Pouilly-Fume

Loire sauv blanc ageable, expressive regions

Chavignol Les Monts Damnes

South west sancerre sauv blanc best

Meneto-Salon

Touraine sauv blanc fruity name

Sauvignonde Touraine

Cab franc regions in Loire

Saumur Saumur-Champigny

Loire cab franc floral/violet

Saumur-Champigny

Loire cab franc more body and ageable

Saumur

Loire cab franc region in Tourain

Chinon (S of Loire) Bourguiel (N of Loire) Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourguiel (N of Loire)

Loire region with cab franc light in sandy and fuller in limestone/clay

Touraine

Loire rose regions for 'Rose de Loire'

Anjou-Saumur Touraine

Grapes of rose and Loire (AS and T)

Cab franc and cab sauv + range

Rose in Loire med dry and sweet from CF and CS

Cabernet d'Anjou

Rose in Loire less sweet, grolleau (black) + CF + local

Rose d'Anjou

Rose in Loire dry, fresh/fruity

Touraine

Rose in Loire pinot noir, light, dry delicate

Sancerre

Loire regions for Gamay

Touraine Anjou

Loire region for light pinot noir

Central Vineyards

Northern rhone cities for limits

Vienna (N) Valence (S)

Winds for Northern Rhone

Mistral

Area with high windes and stakes or teepee like stakes

Northern Rhone

Northern rhone similar region climate

Beaujolais (mod, continental)

Grapes of Northern Rhone

Syrah Viognier Marsanne Roussanne

Northern Rhone pepper, ferment with white/viognier (stabilize color extraction, + aroma intensity)

Syrah

Northern Rhone late ripening careful handling grape (blossom, apricot, stone fruit, low acid, high etoh)

Viognier

Northern Rhone blend grapes with richness and weight but not as aromatic as viognier (age: hazelnut)

Marsanne

Northern Rhone blend grape with acidity, perfumed fruit, not as aromatic as vionier (age: hazelnut)

Roussanne

Northern Rhone (not tiny) cru

Saint-Joseph Crozes-Hermitage

Norther Rhone Generic whine

Cotes du Rhone

Northern Rhone region roasted slope around Ampuis (spicy, floral, full body red, up to 20% viognier )

Cote Rotie

Northern Rhone region viognier (white)

Condrieu

Northern Rhone best old vines, steep slopes viognier

Chateau-Grillet

Northern Rhone Saint-Joseph cities for limits

Condrieu (North) Tournon (south)

Northern Rhone west bank, Condrieu to Tournon, syrah, Marsanne and ROussane

Saint-Joseph

Northern Rhone terraced region on west bank

Tournon

Tournon wines like this area

Hermitage

Nothern Rhone region with flat floor and plateau above slopes for syrah, Marsanne and Roussane

Saint-Joseph

Northern Rhone region with Lieux-dits

Hermitage

Northern Rhone steep south slopes behind Tain-L'Hermitage

Hermitage

Northern Rhone fullest bodied reds age well

Hermitage

Grapes Hermitage

Reds: Syrah, up to 15% Rous and Mars Whites (1/5 production): Rous and Mars

Highest volume region in Northern Rhone

Crozes-Hermitage

Northern Rhone region with slopes north, plains south

Crozes-Hermitage

Northern RHone region less reputable than Hermitage or Cote Rotie

Crozes-Hermitage

Grapes of Crozes-Hermitage

Syrah Rous and Marse (up to 15%)

Northern Rhone most southern red wine cru

Cornas

Warmest Northern Rhone region

Cornas

Northern Rhone region with 100% syrah on shelted south sun baked slopes

Cornas

Southern Rhone black domination, baked/jammy if xs sun

Grnache

Southern rhone grape provides color and tannin and struggles except hottest sites

Syrah

Southern Rhone grape adds color and tannin and black fruit, gamey and meaty (esp CDP)

Mourvedre

Southern Rhone white grapes

Viognier Marsanne Roussanne Clairette Grenache Blanc Bourboulenc

Area with whites rich texture, full body, high alcohol, low to med acidiyt, subtle fruit and rarely new oak and lots of varieties

Southern RHone

City at Northern Limit of Southern Rhone

Valance

Southern Rhone area with galets

Chateaunuf-du-Pape

Winds in Southern Rhone

Mistral

Southern Rhone bush trained low to ground grape

Grenache

Southern Rhone trellising (more easily damaged than other black grape here)

Syrah

Southern Rhone region that makes over 1/2 the entire production

Cotes du Rhone

First and largest cru in Southern RHone

Chateauneuf-du-Pape

Southern Rhone region with lots of soils, grenahce dominates but gamay and mourvedre adds meaty, red >>> white, east bank

Chateauneuf-du-Pape

Southern Rhone region with rose only from grenahce and cinsault (full body vs Provence rose)

Travel

West bank of Rhone river in Southern Rhone, top reds and whites in CDP style with some rose

Lirac

Southern Rhone regions cru status, red grenahce, CDP like but in its shadow globally

Gigondas Vacqueyras

Southern Rhone cru region that is separate AC for fortified muscats (name and region)

Beaune de Venice Muscat de Beaune-de-Venice

Area from Mediterranean coast in Italy to Spanish boarder

Southern France

Areas of Southern France

Languedoc (W of Rhone) Roussillon (W of Rhone) Provence (E of Rhone)

Hot Southern france winds

Mistral Tramontane

Southern france grape that likes warm dry summers

Granche

Southern France grape that likes cooler sites

Syrah

Southern France region that is high acid, tannin and color but lacks finese unless old vine + proper soil (semi carbonic maceration softens tannins)

Carignan

Southern France grape for rose and adds red fruit to blends

Cinsault

Southern France black grape that works in warmest sites and adds richnesss, color and complexity to wines

Mourvedre

International black grapes in Southern France for IGP wines

Merlot Cab Sauv

Most widely planted whites for IGP in Southern France

Chardonnay Sauvignon Blanc

Local Southern France white grape for sweet fortified and sometimes dry grapey wines

Muscat

Local Southern france white grape, full body, peach, oxidizes easily

Grenache blanc

Southern France white grape with high acidity, green fruit and citrus

Piquepoul in Pinet

Southern France Limoux grape

Mauzac

Southern France Roussillon grape

Mauzac

Southern France Provence grape

Rolle

Southern France Languedoc an Provence Grape

Clairette

Southern France regions

Languedoc Roussillon Provence

Departments of Languedoc in Southern France

Audi Herault Gard

Langeudoc grapes

Carignan Grenache Syrah Mourvedre (less, warm areas)

Rousillon department

Pyrenees-Orientals

Rousillon region with rugged mountains, low rain, strong winds, concentrated

Coates du Rousillon

Best Coates du Roussillon wine sub appellation

Coates du Roussillon Village

Rousillon region, warm coastal strip (fuller) and cooler inland (lighter)

Fitou

Rousillon regions

Coates Du Rousillon Fitou Cobieres Minervois Piquepol de Pinet Limoux

Rousillon region warm costal, tramonte cools altitude, 11 subregions

Cobieres

Rousillon area with slopes of Massif central, variety of wines

Minervois

Best Covieres (Rousillon) subappellation

Boutenac

Best Minervois (Rousillon) subappellation

La Liviniere

Rousillon region near coast with high acid

Piquepol de Pinet

Rousillon region with premium chardonnay

Limoux

Southern French region for pale, light, delicate rose

Provence

Grapes for white from Provence

Rolle Clairette

Largest region in Provence

Cotes de Provence

Region for premium Mourvèdre reds, E of Marseille, terraced and needs aging for bramble/meat/licorice in Cotes de Provence

Bandol

Primary aroma source

Grapes Alcoholic fermentation

Secondary aroma source

Post-fermentation wine making

Tertiary aroma source

Maturation

White colors

lemon-green lemon gold amber brown

Red colors

purple ruby garnet tawny brown

Rose colors

Pink Salmon Orange

Biscuit, bread, toast, pastry, brioche, bread dough, cheese source

Yeast (lees, autolysis, 2)

Cream, cheese, butter source

Malolactic fermentations

Vanilla, cloves, nutmeg, coconut, butterschotch, toast, cedar, charred wood, smoke, chocolate, coffee, resinous source

Oak

Almond, marzipan, hazelnut, walnut, chocolate, coffee, toffee, caramel source

Deliberate oxidation

Dried apricot, marmalade, dried apple, dried banana, etc...souce

white fruit development

Fig, prune, tar, dried blackbery, dried cranberry, cooked fruit, etc...

Red fruit development

Petrol, kerosene, cinnamon, ginger, nutmeg, toast, nutty, mushroom, hay, honey source

White bottle age

Leather, forest floor, earth, mushroom, game, tobacco, vegetal, wet leaves, savoury, meaty, farmyard source

Red bottle age

Wine acids

Tartaric and malic (grape juice) Lactic (MLC)

Damp cardboard, muted, corked source

TCA

Stinky, rottent eggs, boiled onions, block drain source

Reduction

Acrid, burnt matches source

Sulfur dioxide

Browning, toffee, honey, caramel, coffee, less fresh and fruit source

Oxidation

Loss vibrancy, freshness, dull, stale source

Out of condition

Low levels = increase fragrance and complexity, high levels = vinegar and nail polish

Volatile acids

Plastic and animal aromas, band-aid, smoked meat, leather, sweaty horse, low levels enjoyable

Brettanomyces

Service temp med/full oaked white

10 - 13 50-55

Service temp light/med white

7-10 45-50

Service temp sweet wine

6-8 43-45

Service temp sparkling

6-10 43-50

Service temp light red

13 55

Service temp med/full red

15-18 59-64

Flavors of too cold red

Thin Harsh

Flavors of too hot red

lose freshness and flavor

Flavors of too cold white

Lose flavor

Storage temp wine

10-15

Blend of Reisling and Madelaine Royale

Muller-Thurgau

German name for Pinot Grigio

Grauburunger Rolander

German name for Pinot Blanc

Weisburgunder

German VDP stands for...(not german law)

Verband Deutscher Pradikatswein

'VDP x' for single vineyard

Erstwhile Lage Grosse Lage Grosses Gewachs

Number of German Qualitaswein areas

German dry versus off dry

Trocken Halbtrocken

Another name for Halbtrocken in Germany

Feinherb

German labeling for single vineyard source

'vineyard' + 'village' Can be estates gewachs or grosses gewachs

German black grape for pinot noir

Spatburgunder

German black grape with deep color

Dornfelder

German grapes for domestic consumption

Portugeiser Trollinger Scharzreisling

Merge to Mosel river and tributaries

Rhine Saar and Ruwar

Mosel villages

Piesport Bernkastel Wehlen

Mosel GG grapes

Riesling

Mosel sparkling wine regions

Saar Ruwar

Most acid and lightest of Rheingau, Rheinhessen, Pfalz and Mosel

Mosel

Best Nahe regions (for GG)

Schlossbockeheim Bad Breuznach

Mosel, Rheingau and Nahe - middle body

Nahe

Hills of Rheingau

Taurus

Best Rheingau reisling regions around which cities

Johannesburg Rudesheim

Best Rheingau spatburgunder regions

Assmannshausen

Rheingau humidity TBA and BA grapes

Reisling Spatburgunder

Largest German Region

Rheinhessen

Most common grape for Rheinhessen

Mullur-Thurgau Reisling

Less common grapes in Rheinhessen

Dornfelder Portugeiser Spatburgunder

Rheinhessen area/city

Rheinterrase Nierstein

Fullest Reisling in Germany

Rheinterrasse

German continuation of Alsace

Pfalz

Pfalz mountains

Haardt

Driest german region

Pfalz

Pfalz grapes

Reisling > M-T > Graburgunder and Weisburgunder Dornfelder > Portugeiser and Spatburgunder

GG Pfalz grapes

Reisling Weisburgunder Spatburgunder

Most established Pfalz region

Mitterhaardt

Mittlehaard cities

Forst Deidshem

Biggest white of Franken

Sylvaner

Highest concentrated whites in germany

Franken

Franken town

Wurzburg

Flask shaped bottle location

Franken

Franken GGs

Silvaner Riesling Weiburgunger Spatburgunder

Warmest german region

Baden

Fullest wines in Germany

Baden

Towns of Baden

Kaiserstul Tuniberg

Area opposite Alsace in Germany

Baden

Extinct volcano in Baden

Kaiserstul

Top quality/MC grape in Baden

Spatburgunder

GG and grapes of Baden

Lots Spatburgunder (MC) M-T > Grauburgunder > Weisburgunder > Riesling

Mountains in west Austria

Alps

Best Zwergeist DAC Austria

Neusiedlerse

Best Blaufrankesh DACs in Austria

Leithaberg Mittelburgenland

International grapes in Austria for red blends

Pinot Noir Cab Sauv Merlot

Franksih x St Laurent

Zweigest

Austrian deep red, soft tannin, bramble grape

Zweigeist

Austrian high regard, med tannin, high acid, peppery, sour cherry grape

Blaufrankish

Austrian grape like Pinot Noir

St Laurent

Austrian reisling regions

Wachs Hamptal Kremstal

Other Austrian white grapes

Chardonnay Muller-Thurman Sauv Blanc (Stiermark)

Austrian young citrus, stone, white pepper and age honey and toast grape

Gruner Veltliner

Austrian noble white, green apple, high citrus

Welchriesling

Limits of Niederosterreich in Austrian

Danum to Slovak

West Niederosterreich subregions

Wachau DAC Kamptal DAC Kremstal DAC

River in Wachau DAC (Niederosterrieich)

Danube

Grapes of Neiderosterriech

Gruner-Veltliner Riesling

Largest and first DAC in Austria

Weivertal DAC

Grape of Austrian Weinvertal DAC

Gruner veltliner

Weinvertal Gruner Veltliner styles

Klassik Reserve

Austrian area for sweet wine and some dry

Bergenland

Berganland dry grapes

Pinot Blanc Welschreisling Gruner Veltliner Chardonnay

Bergenland DACs

Neusiedlerse Rustler Ausbruch DAC

Neusiederseee lake

Provence

Bergenland TBA grape

Rustler Ausbruch DAC

Rusler Ausbruch DAC city

Rust

Austrian generic PDO

Neiderosterrich Burgunland Steiermark Wein (Vienna)

DAC Austria (formed in 2002)

Distructus Austian Controllatus

PGI and non PGI Austrian wine names

Landwein Wein

Country with grapes on beds of straw or reeds

Austria

Tokaj Rivers

Bodrog Tisza Tributaries

MC grape Tokaj (green apple, age: honey, nuts)

Furmint

Late ripening perfume grape Tokaj

Harslevelu

Tokaj Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains aromatic grape

Sarga Muskotaly

Tokaji Wine 18 mos in oak with furmint

Tokaji Azsu

Classifications of Tokaji Szamorodni for dry and sweet

Szaraz Edes

Tokaji as it comes/partial rot

Szamorodni

Tokaji 6 mos oak

Tokaji Szamorodni

Fino Sherry like 'flor' wine

Tojaki Szamorodni

Tokaji free run Azsu berry juice

Tokaji Eszencia

Country with 200 Indigenous grapes 2/2 HOT climate

Greece

Country with high winds and basket vines

Greece

Greece export PDO

Appellation of Origen of Superior Quality

Greece domestic PDO

Prostateroment Oromasia Prolefris (?)

Greece regions

Naoussa PDO (Xinomavro) Namea PDO (Agiorgitiko) Santorini (Assyrtiko)

Naoussa PDO region

Macedonia

Naoussa high tannin, lacks freshness, quick to tawny, ageable

Xinomavro

Italian equivalent of Xinomavro

Nebbiolo

Namea lower jammy and higher fresher acidity for rose grape

Agiogitiko

Santorini sea

Agean

Santorni white perfumed, citrus/stone grape

Assyrtiko

Santorini late harvest, 14 day sun dried, 2 year oak, lusciously sweet, oxidative/caramel with age

Vinsanto