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Kaplan Q bank wrong answers > Wrong anwers > Flashcards

Wrong anwers Flashcards

1
Q

tumors from the penis, skin of the vagina, and anal canal below the dentate line drain to which lymph nodes

A

superficial group of the inguinal lymph nodes

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2
Q

these lymph nodes drain lower extermities, gluteal region, and skin below the umbillicus

A

superficial group of the inguinal lymph nodes

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3
Q

nerves that do general sensation and taste to the posterior 1/3 of tounge

A

CN 9

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4
Q

Nerves that do general sensation and taste to the anterior 2/3 of tounge

A

CN 5 sensation CN 7 taste

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5
Q

palatoglossa muscle is innervated by

A

CN X pulls tounge up to palate during swallowing

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6
Q

Ratio of gland depth to thickness in Chronic Bronchitis

A

Reid Index

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7
Q

Measeles what virus family

A

Paramyxoviridae

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8
Q

structure that normally induces the development of the adult kidney

A

Ureteric bud

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9
Q

incidence =

A

new cases / suscepitlbe population (subract those with the disease our)

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10
Q

presence of more than 5 cafe-au-lait spots suggests

A

NF1 Chromo 17 AD inheritance Neurofibromas

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11
Q

mnemonic for NF1

A

CAFESPOTS Cafe-au-lait spots Axillary Freckling Eye nodules Scoliosis Pheochromocytoma Optic “Tumor” (glioma)

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12
Q

Frequent mucosal infections suggest this immunodeficiency (can be asymptomatic)

A

IgA deficiency

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13
Q

I cells in the Duodenum and Jujuneum prodeuce

A

CCK

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14
Q

S cells in the Duodenum produce _____ in response to

A

Secritin –> Pancreae secrete Bicarb in response to lowered pH or Fatty Acids present

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15
Q

Secritin does

A

Inhibits Pariatel cell secreting H+ Stims D cells to release Somatostatin Stims Pancrase to relase Bicarb

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16
Q

D cells in stomach and Duodenum produce

A

Somatostatin

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17
Q

Black Pigmented stones are High or Low in Cholesterol “Intervascular Hemoysis”

A

Low Usually Calcium Bilirubinate

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18
Q

Hepatocyte zone containing the CYP450 enzymes

A

Zone 3, Pericentral vein zone Toxic metabolites and ischemia affects here

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19
Q

Hypothalamic feeding center

A

Lateral Nucleus “Let me have it” Stim= Obese Destroy=Starve

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20
Q

Hypothalamic Satiety center

A

Ventromedial Nucleus “Ven get thin with Leptin”

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21
Q

Kartaginer Syndrome is due to ________ and Sx

A

loss of dyein —> imparied vessicle tranport, lung infectins, decreased sperm motility

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22
Q

In Hardy Weinberg the frequency of the non mutated Allele A equals= frequency of the mutated Allele a equals=

A

A=p a=q p+q=1 p^2+2pq+q^2=1

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23
Q

Kinky Hair “Menkes Disease” leads to decrease in

A

Cu can’t be transported into the blood stream —> Cu defficency —> - Lysyl oxidase deficiency —>cross links collagen fibers -Cytochorme —>C dysfunction -Tyrosinase —> low melanin (hypopygmatenation)

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24
Q

Infectious agent that can cause bloody diarrhea and a “pseudoappendicitis” pain in the right lower quadrant.

A

Yersinia Enterocolitica

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25
Q

common site for volvulus in the Eldery

A

Sigmoid colon Constipation can predispose to this

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26
Q

Microaerophilic,oxidase-poitive, gram negative, curved rod with polar flagella causes gastroenteritis

A

Campylobacter jejuni

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27
Q

abdominal viscera not covered by amnionic membrane in a new born caused by

A

Incomplete fusion of the lateral body fold (Gastroschisis)

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28
Q

Enterotoxigenic e-coli. toxins works how? (two)

A

LT = heat labile toxin : activates adenylate by ADP ribosylation—> increase cAMP ST= stimulates guanylate cyclase —> increase cAMP

29
Q

How does EHEC toxin work

A

0157:H7 shigella-like toxin 1 and 2 , N-glycosylation of the 28S rRNA—> inhibits 60 sub unit –>decreases protein synthesis

30
Q

C diff toxin A and B works how?

A

A- attracts granuloycytes B- is cytopathic

31
Q

Test for ZE syndrome

A

Secretin Test W/ ZE —->Grastrin Increases

32
Q

anti smooth muscle antibodies elevated ANA fatigue and jaundice

A

Autoimmune hepatitis

33
Q

high pitched “tinkly” bowel sounds euqal

A

small bowl obstruction from…. ie. Ascaris Luburcoidies

34
Q

type 1 muscle fibers are

A

slow twitch, less glycogen density

35
Q

Chronic high blood pressure leads to increase, decrease, or no change in the number of arterioles

A

decrease over perfusions —> decrease vasodiltatory metabolites –> vasoconstriction —> disassembly of the arterioles

36
Q

multiple seborrheic keratosis is called, can be a sign of

A

Leser Trelat sign Malignancy (most likely gastric adenocarinoma)

37
Q

Mid brain Cranial Nerves

A

3 and 4

38
Q

Upper pons Cranial Nerves

A

5

39
Q

Lower Pons

A

6, 7 ,8

40
Q

Medulla

A

9, 10, 12

41
Q

Tactile and Vibratory senses long tacts

A

Medial Lemniscus

42
Q
  • Tongue deviation (towards lesion)
  • Hemiparesis
  • loss of tactile and vibratory sensation

Is called what?

Caused by?

A
  • Medial Medullary Syndrome
  • occlusion of Anterior Spinal Artery a branch of the Vertebral artery
  • Tongue deviation (CN 12)
  • Hemiparesis - corticospinal lesion tactile and vibratory sensation (medial lemniscus)
43
Q
  • Ispilateral facial paralysis
  • Ipsilateral sensorinerual deafness nystagmus with fast phase to opposite side
  • ipsilateral pain and temperature loss of the face
  • dystaxia due to damage of the middle and inferior cerebella penduncles

Is called what? Caused by?

A

Lateral Pontine syndrome

AICA occlussion = branch of the basilar

  • face paralysis (facial nucleus) -sensorineural deafness (cochlear nucleus)
  • nystagmus (vestibular involvement)
  • pain and temp loss of face (spinal tri gem)

dystaxia (middle and inferior cerebella peduncles)

44
Q
  • Deficits in Pain and Temperature over the contralateral body
  • Ipsilateral dysphagia, hoarseness, and diminished gag reflex
  • Vertigo, dipolpia, nystagmus, and vomiting
  • Ipsilateral Horner Syndrome
  • Ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation of the face

Is called what? Caused by ?

A

Lateral Medullary Syndrome (Wallenberg syndrome)

PICA occlusion = branch of the Vertebral artery -pain and temp body (spinothalamic)

  • dysphagia, hoarseness, and gag reflexes (interruption of the vagal and glossopharyngeal pathways)
  • vertigo, diplopia, nystagmus, and vomiting (vestibular dysfunction)
  • Horner (desencing sympathetic fibers)
  • pain and temp of face (spinal tract and nucleus of the Tri Gem)
45
Q

Complete Mole

number of chromosomes?

Chance for choriocarcinoma?

fetal parts?

A
  • Empty egg “completly” fertilized by father
  • 46 (diploid) two sperm (20%) or one sperm with duplicate chromosome
  • the “complete” chance of choriocarcinoma (around 2%)
  • no fetal parts
46
Q

Primum type of Atrial septal defect is cuased by

A

?

47
Q

Secundum type of Atrial Septal defect is formed

A
48
Q

Young child

Rash, often ill, brusies easily, dry lightly scally skin with many excoriations, bruises, petechiae

Disease?

Inheritance?

Gene mutation?

A

Wiskott- Aldrich syndrome

X-linked ressesive

Lymphoid Malignancies

WASP gene (reorganization of the heatopietic cell cytoskeleton)

49
Q

Bone pain at night that is relived by NSAIDS

Disease?

syndrome?

A

Osteoid Osteoma

Gardner syndrome

50
Q

fracture of the lateral epicondyle could injure what nerve

A

Radial Nerve passes anterior to the condyle

=”Wrist Drop

51
Q

Fracture of the medial epicondyle may injure what nerve

A

Ulnar Nerve passes just behind this structre

=Claw hand, rignt and small finger

52
Q

Axillary nerve runs over what landmark of the humerus

A

Surgical neck

53
Q

mid-shaft fracture of the humerus may injur whwat nerve and artery

A

Radial Nerve and possibly the Profounda Brachii artery

54
Q

Edema of mucosal surfaces

Disease?

Inheritance?

and Deficiency?

A

Hereditary Angioedema

AD

defieiency of C1 esterase inhibitor

55
Q

Painful small subepidermal phtosensitive bilsters

Negative Nikoslky sign

A

Porphyria Cutanea Tarta

MC form of porphyria

AD inheritance

Defective Uroporphyrinongen Decarboxylase

Sx D/T Photo sensative prphyrin compunds close to the skin

56
Q

Radio active D2O is used to measure

A

Total Body Water

Rapidly diffuses throughout entire body

57
Q

Condition

Patient with eye pain, headache, nausea and vomiting, blurry vision and see halos around lights

increased intraocular pressure

A

Acute or angle closure Gluacoma

could be from an Anit M or an alpha 1 agonist

58
Q

Nerve that traverses over the anterior scalene muscle

A

Phrenic

59
Q

Radioactive Sodum, Inulin, Mannitol, or Sucrose is used to measure

A

Extracellular fluid

Rapidly diffuse through cappillary walls but do no diffuse into cells

60
Q

Radio-iodinated serum albumin is used to measure

A

Plasma Volume

bind to plasma proteins and is to large to diffuse thorugh capillary walls

61
Q

what goes through the optic canal

A

CN2 and ophthalmic artery

62
Q

what goes through the superior orbital fissure

A

CN 3, 4, 6

ophthalmic nerve V1

and veins

63
Q

What goes through the Forman Rotundum

A

Maxillary Nerve V2

64
Q

What goes through the Forman Ovale

A

Mandibular Nerve V2

65
Q

What goes through the forman spinosum

A

Middle Meningeal Artery

66
Q

What goes thrugh the Jugular forman

A

CN 9, 10, 11

67
Q

What goes through the Foramen Magum

A

CN 11, spinal cord, and vertebral arteries

68
Q

What goes through the stylomastoid foramen

A

CN 7

69
Q

What goes through the internal auditory meatus

A

CN 7 and 8

Kaplan Q bank wrong answers (1 decks)

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