Written Test Flashcards
Void times - What is the correct procedure for alerting ATC
Must advise ATC as soon as possible, but no later than 30 minutes, of their intentions if not off by the void time
VFR-on-Top clearance - What altitude do you choose?
Choose any appropriate VFR altitude at or above the MEA in VFR weather conditions
Visual illusion - What happens when a runway is upsloping?
The runway will look narrower than usual
What is RVR?
Runway visual range - Horizontal distance a pilot can see when looking down the runway from a moving aircraft. NOT SLANT RANGE.
Minimum Sector Altitudes - what do they provide?
1000 feet obstacle clearance within 25nm radius of the nav facility but not adequate navigation signal coverage
Turn Coordinator - What does it directly indicate?
Indicates directly rate of roll, rate of turn - indirectly indicates bank attitude
What are the maximum holding pattern speeds?
Above 14k ft = 265 kt
Between 6k ft and 14k ft = 220 kt
Below 6k ft = 200 kt
What to look for with a VOT check?
Tolerance is +/- 4 degrees
360-degree radial transmitted in all directions
Needles should be aligned on a 180-degree course w/ to flag or 360-degree course w/ from flag
What can you expect to be the difference between winds at the surface and winds aloft?
Winds at the surface = cross the isobars at an angle toward lower pressure and are weaker
Winds aloft = parallel the isobars
When can you expect Wind Shear?
It may be associated with
- Low-level temperature inversion
- Jet stream
- Frontal zone
What is the appropriate action when climbing on an airway?
Stay on centerline unless maneuvering to avoid other air traffic in VMC
When can you begin to descend on an approach?
When you’ve been cleared for the approach, you can begin descent upon reading back the approach clearance and reporting leaving your current altitude. Must maintain appropriate altitude (OROCA, MSA, etc.)
When are ATIS broadcasts updated?
Upon receipt of any official weather, regardless of content change or reported values
What is the maximum procedure turn speed on an approach?
200 knots IAS maximum
What are the primary pitch instruments?
Altimeter
Airspeed indicator
VSI
What are the standard compass errors in the northern hemisphere?
ONUS = Overshoot north, undershoot south
Turns from the south = compass will turn faster than the plane (overshoot your desired heading)
Turns from the north = compass will turn slower than the plane (undershoot your desired heading)
ANDS = Accelerate north, decelerate south (most pronounced on east or west headings)
When your airplane accelerates the compass will indicate a slight turn to the north
When your airplane decelerates the compass will indicate a slight turn to the south
When do you need to pick up your IFR clearance when departing from a Class G airport?
Before entering controlled airspace (Class E or greater)
What is the impact of medium to coarse sandpaper roughness and thickness of ice on the leading edge and upper surface of an airfoil?
Reduced lift as much as 30 percent and increased drag by 40 percent
Visual illusions - what impact does Haze have?
HAZE creates the illusion of being a greater distance than actual from the runway and causes pilots to fly a lower approach
In the flight levels, what type of attitude measurement are you maintaining?
Pressure altitude, not indicated altitude.
E.g. if you’re flying at FL 250 and you hear a local altimeter setting of 28.92’ Hg - you are still at 25,000 pressure altitude.
How do you establish a climb in IMC (full panel)?
Increase back pressure until the attitude indicator shows the approximate pitch attitude appropriate for the airspeed you want to climb at
What is the appropriate heading/bearing deviation to account for one-half mile DME deviation on a DME arc?
10 to 20 degrees of relative bearing change (turn 10, twist 10)
How many degrees change on the OBS should cause a full-scale deflection in either direction on a VOR?
10-12 degrees
What is the sensitivity of a VOR at 60 miles from the station? I.e. How many miles off course are you per degree of CDI deflection?
1 degree = 1 mile off course at 60 miles from the station.
What clouds have the greatest turbulence?
Cumulonimbus
What do the yellow dashed lines mean on the high-level significant weather prognostic chart?
Yellow dashed lines enclose areas of moderate or greater turbulence (light turbulence is not forecast on high-level prog charts)
What do the FL numbers mean on the significant weather prognostic chart in reference to particular areas of weather activity?
FL numbers supplied to indicate the tops and bases of the weather, and the inverted V symbol indicates the severity of turbulence (if applicable).
What are the limits of a transition area that is designated in conjunction with an airport having a prescribed IAP?
700 AGL or more to the base of the overlying controlled airspace
What precession errors can be experienced on some attitude indicators?
Acceleration = indicated climb Deceleration = indicated descent
What happens when you switch to the alternate static source in the air?
Altimeter = higher than normal Airspeed = greater than normal VSI = momentary climb
How do you know when you’ve passed a VOR station?
The first positive, complete reversal of the TO/FROM indicator
How long does a microburst typically last?
Seldom longer than 15 minutes from the time the burst strikes the ground until dissipation
How do surface winds move in the northern hemisphere?
Clockwise and outward from high pressure and counterclockwise and inward into low pressure.
Most consistent with this concept in mountainous areas.
What altitude measure is used for reporting ceilings on a Graphical Forecast?
MSL Altitude
Can you descend on a STAR if you’ve been cleared to fly it?
Not unless ATC clears you to descend to a lower assigned altitude.
What are the most accurate compass readings during a level 360 degree turn at 15 degrees bank?
90 and 270 degrees
What is the acceptable navigation signal coverage assurance at a MOCA?
Up to 22nm from the VOR station
What is a defining characteristic of a functioning gyro?
Resistance to deflection of the spinning wheel or disc
When is an altitude encoding coded transponder required equipment for IFR?
At and above 10,000 ft MSL, excluding at and below 2,500 ft AGL
What are you required to document in the airplane log as a pilot when doing a VOR check?
Place of check, amount of bearing error, date of check, and signature
When does an IFR flight plan need to filed and appropriate ATC clearance received?
Prior to entering controlled airspace when IMC prevail
What type of air normally allows for temperature inversions to form?
Stable air.
What should you expect if squalls are reported along your route or at your destination?
Sudden increases in wind speed of at least 16 knots, rising to 22 knots or more, lasting for at least 1 minute
What enhances the growth rate of precipitation?
Upward currents
