Written Lab 3.2 Mapping Applications to the DoD Model Flashcards
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
Internet Protocol (IP)
Internet
The principal set (or communications protocol) of digital message formats and rules for exchanging messages between computers across a single network or a series of interconnected networks, using the Internet Protocol Suite (often referred to as TCP/IP).
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
Telnet
Process/Application
It allows a user on a remote client machine, called the Telnet client, to access the resources of another machine, the Telnet server, in order to access a command-line interface.
A drawback is that there are no encryption techniques available within the Telnet protocol, so everything must be sent in clear text, including passwords!
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
SNMP
Process/Application
It gathers data by polling the devices on the network from a network management station (NMS) at fixed or random intervals, requiring them to disclose certain information, or even asking for certain information from the device. In addition, network devices can inform the NMS station about problems as they occur so the network administrator is alerted.
This protocol can also stand as a watchdog over the network, quickly notifying managers of any sudden turn of events.
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
DNS
Process/Application
Domain Name Service (DNS) resolves hostnames—specifically, Internet names, such as www.lammle.com.
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
Internet
The gateway uses the ARP to locate the MAC address of the computer based on the IP address the data is being sent to. The ARP typically looks up this information in a table called the “ARP cache.” If the address is found, the information is relayed to the gateway, which will send the incoming data to the appropriate machine.
If the address is not found, the ARP broadcasts a “request packet” to other machines on the network to see if the IP address belongs to a machine not listed in the ARP cache
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
DHCP/BootP
Process/Application
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) assigns IP addresses to hosts. It allows for easier administration and works well in small to very large network environments. Many types of hardware can be used as a DHCP server, including a Cisco router.
DHCPDiscover - Looks for a DHCP server
DHCPOffer - The DHCP server offers an address
DHCPRequest - The host requests to lease the address
DHCPACK - DHCP server sends the IP addresses to the host
DHCP differs from BootP in that BootP assigns an IP address to a host but the host’s hardware address must be entered manually in a BootP table. You can think of DHCP as a dynamic BootP.
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Host-to-host/Transport
TCP is used to create a connection between remote computers by transporting and ensuring the delivery of messages over supporting networks and the Internet.
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Host-to-host/Transport
UDP is used to send short messages called datagrams but overall, it is an unreliable, connectionless protocol.
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
NFS
Process/Application
Network File System. A client/server application that lets a computer user view and optionally store and update files on a remote computer as though they were on the user’s own computer.
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Internet
Provides troubleshooting, control and error message services
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)
Internet
Reverse ARP (RARP) finds an IP address from a known hardware address.
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
Proxy ARP
Internet
Proxy ARP is the technique in which one host, usually a router, answers ARP requests intended for another machine. By “faking” its identity, the router accepts responsibility for routing packets to the “real” destination. Proxy ARP can help machines on a subnet reach remote subnets without the need to configure routing or a default gateway
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
TFTP
Process/Application
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is the stripped-down, stock version of FTP, but it’s the protocol of choice if you know exactly what you want and where to find it because it’s fast and so easy to use!
But TFTP doesn’t offer the abundance of functions that FTP does because it has no directory-browsing abilities, meaning that it can only send and receive files
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
SMTP
Process/Application
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the standard protocol for email services on a TCP/IP network. SMTP provides the ability to send and receive email messages. SMTP is an application-layer protocol that enables the transmission and delivery of email over the Internet.
The four layers of the DoD model are Process/Application, Host-to-Host, Internet, and Network Access. Identify the layer of the DoD model on which each of these protocols operates AND DESCRIBE IT.
LPD
Process/Application
Original network printing protocol created for the Berkeley UNIX line printer daemon (spooler) and is supported by many network printers.
