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Medical Imaging > Written exam > Flashcards

Written exam Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

4 modes of image production

A
  1. Transmission of energy= high energy photons
  2. Reflection of energy
  3. Emission of energy
  4. a,B,gamma positron radiation emission from radioisotopes
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2
Q

Emission of energy=

A

Radiofrequency signal emission from hydrogen atoms

Different tissues have different realignment frequencies

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3
Q

Best to worse spatial resolution

A 
Radiography, Mammography
Fluoroscopy
CT (HRCT)
MRI
US
Nuclear medicine (PET, SPECT)
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4
Q

5 principle densities

A 
Metal
Bone
Air
Fat
Water
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5
Q

CT angio uses which contrast material?

A

Iodine

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6
Q

Gadolinium is used where?

A

MRI

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7
Q

US contrast material can be

A

Microbubble

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8
Q

Preferential contrast agent for gastrointestinal (GI) fluoroscopic examinations

A

Barium

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9
Q

Which modalities do not use ionizing radiation?

A

MRI

US

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10
Q

What does ionizing radiation mean?

A

A lot of energy that can cause free radical when heating human molecule

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11
Q

Which modality equals 250-3500 times the estimated dose equivalent of one XR

A

Interventional fluoroscopy

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12
Q

ALARA

A

As Low As Reasonably Achievable

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13
Q

Nuclear medicine- what kind of isotope do we use?

A

Unstable

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14
Q

Nuclear medicine- what is the most popular isotope?

A

Tc99

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15
Q

Radiopharmacutical in PET?

A

F18-FDG

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16
Q 
Which is not a corposcular radiation?
a
B
gamma
Positron
A

gamma- it is a wave. Doesnt have a weight

17
Q

High FDG uptake in which organ?

A

Brain

18
Q

What determined the distribution of the radioisotope?

A

Biochemical characteristics decides on the distribution

19
Q

Do prostate cancer show elevated FDG uptake?

A

No

20
Q

Which pathologies show elevated FDG uptake?

A

Pneumonia

Colorectal cancer

21
Q

Which pathology show high Radiopharmacutical uptake in case of bone scintigraphy?

Osteomyelitis
Bone fruction
Inflammation

A

All of them

22
Q

What is not an indication for Thyroid scintigraphy?

A

Hypothyroidism

23
Q

In which nuclear medicine therapy do we use?

A

a and B

24
Q

What is an indication for myocardial scintigraphy?

A

Ischemic heart disease

25
Q

Plannar gamma camera detects what kind of image?

A

2D

26
Q

Which is indication for dynamic renal scintigraphy?

A

Impaired flow

Assesement of renal parenchyma

27
Q

What is the half life of Tc99 in minutes?

A

360

28
Q

What radiation does PET detects?

A

gamma

29
Q

MR angiography- What type of contrast material should be used?

A

Gadolinium

30
Q

MRCP=

A

MRI Cholangio-Pancreatography

31
Q

MRCP uses which sequence?

A

T2W MRI

High signal in slow/static fluids

32
Q

Best to worse spatial resolution is given by

A 
Mammography (X-Ray)
Fluoroscopy
DSA
CT, MRI
US
Nuclear med
33
Q

TIPS

A

Tranjagular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts

34
Q

PTA

A

Percutaneus Transluminal Angioplasty

35
Q

DSA

A

Digital Substraction Angiography

36
Q

FLAIR is

A

Like T2 but fluids are dark

37
Q

Which sequence can detect early ischemia?

A

DWI

Medical Imaging (11 decks)

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