Writing Toolbox Flashcards
1
Q
cram
A
to prepare hastily for an examination
2
Q
rote-learning
A
the act of learning or memorizing something by repetition
3
Q
mnemonics
A
the art or practice of improving or of aiding the memory
4
Q
dissertation
A
a long formal piece of writing on a particular subject, especially for a university degree.
5
Q
acknowledge
A
If you acknowledge a fact or a situation, you accept or admit that it is true or that it exists.
6
Q
inter-library loan
A
a system by which libraries borrow publications from other libraries
7
Q
drop out
A
If someone drops out of college or a race, for example, they leave it without finishing what they started.
8
Q
adherent
A
a person who strongly supports a particular person, principle, or set of ideas
9
Q
convert
A
to change to a new religion, belief, opinion, etc., or to make someone do this
10
Q
reactionary
A
a person who is opposed to political or social change or new ideas
11
Q
derives from
A
to come from something
12
Q
eradicate
A
to get rid of something completely or destroy something bad
13
Q
biased
A
showing an unreasonable like or dislike for a person based on personal opinions
14
Q
credible
A
able to be believed or trusted
15
Q
gullible
A
easily deceived or tricked, and too willing to believe everything that other people say
16
Q
plausible
A
seeming likely to be true, or able to be believed
17
Q
attribute
A
a quality or characteristic that someone or something has
18
Q
pinch/grain of salt
A
to not completely believe something that you are told, because you think it is unlikely to be true
19
Q
prejudiced against
A
showing an unreasonable dislike for something or someone
20
Q
maternity/paternity leave
A
a period in which a woman is legally allowed to be absent from work in the weeks before and after she gives birth
21
Q
point of view
A
a way of considering something
22
Q
incredulous
A
not wanting or not able to believe something, and usually showing this
23
Q
subjective
A
influenced by or based on personal beliefs or feelings, rather than based on facts
24
Q
benefit of the doubt
A
to believe something good about someone, rather than something bad, when you have the possibility of doing either
25
diplomacy
the management of relationships between countries
26
sanctions
an official order, such as the stopping of trade, that is taken against a country in order to make it obey international law
27
casualties
a person injured or killed in a serious accident or war
28
escalate
to become or make something become greater or more serious
29
brutal suppression
The action of suppressing something such as an activity or publication through acts of brutality
30
unrest
disagreements or fighting between different groups of people
31
waging a war
an action with the expectation of receiving or giving compensation for actions
32
truce
a short interruption in a war or argument, or an agreement to stop fighting or arguing for a period of time
33
ambush
to suddenly attack someone after hiding and waiting for them
34
besiege
to surround a place, especially with an army, to prevent people or supplies getting in or out
35
fleet
a group of ships, or all of the ships in a country's navy
36
fight on our hands
face opposition; resistance
37
peacekeeping force
neutral soldiers who keep the peace in a divided society
38
once in a blue moon
not very often
39
till the cows come home
for a very long time
40
over the hill
used for describing someone who is old and no longer useful or attractive
41
fleeting
short or quick
42
transient
lasting for only a short time; temporary
43
persistent
lasting for a long time or difficult to get rid of
44
inexorable
continuing without any possibility of being stopped
45
incipient
just beginning
46
protracted
lasting for a long time or made to last longer than necessary
47
in a flash
quickly or suddenly
48
at a rate of knots
If someone does something at a rate of knots, they do it very quickly
49
short notice
only a short time before something happens
50
simultaneous
happening or being done at exactly the same time
51
generate
to cause something to exist
52
provoked
to cause a reaction, especially a negative one
53
precipitated
to make something happen suddenly or sooner than expected
54
stem from
to start or develop as the result of something
55
grounds for
the basis or cause for legal action
56
has implications for
an occasion when you seem to suggest something without saying it directly
57
brought about
to cause something to happen
58
felt an affinity with
a liking or sympathy for someone or something, especially because of shared characteristics
59
akin to
having some of the same qualities
60
analogy
a comparison between things that have similar features, often used to help explain a principle or idea
61
does not correspond to
to not match or not be similar or equal
62
equate
to consider one thing to be the same as or equal to another thing
63
tantamount to
being almost the same or having the same effect as something, usually something bad
64
indistinguishable from
impossible to judge as being different when compared to another similar thing
65
disparate
different in every way
66
dissimilar
different
67
divergent
different from each other
68
distinctive
Something that is distinctive is easy to recognize because it is different from other things
69
discrete
clearly separate or different in shape or form
70
distinguish
to notice or understand the difference between two things, or to make one person or thing seem different from another
71
two/threefold
twice as big or as much
72
drastic
(especially of actions) severe and sudden or having very noticeable effects
73
deviated from the norm
to do something that is different from the usual or common way of behaving
74
fluctuate
to change, especially continuously and between one level or thing and another
75
seesawed
to change repeatedly from one emotion, situation, etc. to another and then back again
76
erratic
moving or behaving in a way that is not regular, certain, or expected
77
aggregate
something formed by adding together several amounts or things
78
correlation between
a connection or relationship between two or more facts, numbers, etc.
79
discrepancy between
a difference between two things that should be the same
80
ratio
the relationship between two groups or amounts that expresses how much bigger one is than the other
81
inconsistent with
If a reason, idea, opinion, etc. is inconsistent, different parts of it do not agree, or it does not agree with something else
82
ballpark figure
a rough numerical estimate or approximation
83
run into six figures
a salary of between 100,000 and 999,999 pounds, dollars, etc. a year
84
erred on the side of caution
to be especially careful rather than taking a risk or making a mistake
85
tally with
to add up, like keeping the score of a game
86
concurs with
to agree or approve of something
87
accord with
to be the same as something, or to agree with something
88
coincide with
occur at the same time
89
dissent
a strong difference of opinion on a particular subject, especially about an official suggestion or plan or a popular belief
90
discord
the state of not agreeing or sharing opinions
91
rift
a serious disagreement that separates two people who have been friends and stops their friendship continuing
92
made concessions
something that is allowed or given up, often in order to end a disagreement, or the act of allowing or giving this
93
reached a
to make a decision, agreement, etc. about something
94
settlement/compromise
an official agreement that finishes an argument
95
advocate
to publicly support or suggest an idea, development, or way of doing something
96
deduce
to reach an answer or a decision by thinking carefully about the known facts
97
infer
to form an opinion or guess that something is true because of the information that you have
98
complement
to make something else seem better or more attractive when combining with it
99
empirical
based on what is experienced or seen rather than on theory
100
ambiguous
having or expressing more than one possible meaning, sometimes intentionally
101
comprehensive
complete and including everything that is necessary
102
authoritative
showing that you are confident, in control, and expect to be respected and obeyed
103
arbitrary
based on chance rather than being planned or based on reason
104
distort
to change the shape of something so that it looks strange or unnatural
105
incidence
an event, or the rate at which something happens
106
predominant
more noticeable or important, or larger in number, than others
107
in sequence
a series of related things or events, or the order in which they follow each other
108
widespread
existing or happening in many places and/or among many people
109
append
to add something to the end of a piece of writing
110
conceive
to imagine something
111
contradict
(of people) to say the opposite of what someone else has said, or (of one fact or statement) to be so different from another fact or statement that one of them must be wrong
112
denote
to represent something
113
negate
to cause something to have no effect
114
perceive
to come to an opinion about something, or have a belief about something
115
reside
to live, have your home, or stay in a place
116
trigger
an event or situation, etc. that causes something to start
117
utilise
to use something in an effective way
118
an instance of something
an example or single occurrence of something
119
the converse
the opposite
120
crucial
extremely important or necessary
121
notwithstanding
despite the fact or thing mentioned
122
thereby
as a result of this action
123
whereby
by which way or method
124
reiterated
to say something again, once or several times
125
epitomise
to be a perfect example of a quality or type of thing
126
expounded
to give a detailed explanation of something
127
posited
to suggest something as a basic fact or principle from which a further idea is formed or developed
128
subsumed
to include something or someone as part of a larger group
129
underscore
to underline
130
account for
to form the total of something
131
comprised
to have things or people as parts or members; to consist of
132
preface
an introduction at the beginning of a book explaining its purpose, thanking people who helped the author, etc.
133
in ascending order
increasing in size or value
134
alludes to
to mention someone or something without talking about him, her, or it directly
135
touch upon
to mention a subject quickly when speaking or writing about another subject
136
beyond the scope of
outside the relevant range, extent of action, inquiry, etc
137
attained
to reach or succeed in getting something
138
bestowed upon
to give something as an honour or present
139
demolish
to completely destroy a building, especially in order to use the land for something else
140
adjoining
near, next to, or touching
141
undersigned
the people whose signatures appear below in the text, usually at the end of a formal letter
142
aforementioned
mentioned earlier
143
commence
to begin something
144
next of kin
the person or group of people you are most closely related to
145
in the event of
anything that happens, especially something important or unusual
146
endeavour
to try to do something
147
facilitate
to make something possible or easier
148
rectify
to correct something or make something right
149
will be resumed
If an activity resumes, or if you resume it, it starts again after a pause
150
acknowledge receipt of
to accept, admit, or recognize something, or the truth or existence of something
151
notify
to tell someone officially about something
