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1
Q

Completely developed, trained or established

A

Full-fledged

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2
Q

More than Enough

A

Ample (time/ evidence/ opportunity)

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3
Q

Way, method

A

Means ( a means of - two means of )

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4
Q

Possible ممکن و احتمالی / از قطعیت جمله کم میکنه. قبل از اسم ها در در بادی به کار بیرین.

A

Potential

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5
Q

Absorb

A

If something engrosses you, it is so interesting that you give it all your attention: Engross

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6
Q

something that controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits:
محدودیت های مالی

A

Constraint ( financial constraints)

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7
Q

something that controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits:
محدودیت های مالی

A

Constraint ( financial constraints)
Budget constraints

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8
Q

Something that is mandatory must be done, or is demanded by law:

A

Mandatory/ mandatory social conventions

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9
Q

a usual or accepted way of behaving, especially in social situations, often following an old way of thinking or a custom in one particular society:

A

Social conventions

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10
Q

تعیین کننده

A

A determining factor

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11
Q

Being partly responsible for

A

Causative factor/ contributing factor/ —-tends to bring about

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12
Q

compels you to agree with its logic –– it’s irresistible.

A

Compelling argument

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13
Q

Clothes

A

Attire

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14
Q

to behave according to the usual standards of behaviour that are expected by a group or society:

A

Conform to some established conventions

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15
Q

to remove or take away someone or something:

A

Eliminate (language barrier)

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16
Q

Immigrants

A

Expatriates

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17
Q

Disagree

A

I completely disagree with the given assertion on the basis of some compelling reasons.

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18
Q

a strong opinion or belief:

A

It is my firm conviction that

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19
Q

to remove a difficulty, especially so that action to deal with it becomes unnecessary:

A

Obviate the need to

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20
Q

to perform or complete a job or activity; to fulfill:

A

Carry out (daily tasks)

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21
Q

Causing harm or damage

A

Detrimental (to)
Deleterious (effects)

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22
Q

To make it easier for a process or activity to happen

A

Facilitie

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23
Q

Achieve a particular aim به درد چیزی خوردن

A

Serve a purpose (serve a useful purpose)

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24
Q

to experience something that is unpleasant or has a strong effect:
محتمل یا دستخوش چیزی شدن

A

Undergo tests/surgery/treatment/a change

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25
to use a particular object, method, skill , etc. for a particular purpose:
Employ
26
موضوع بحث‌انگیز
Contentious topic
27
Something that has a great influence on many people or things:
Far-reaching affecting many people or things : having a wide range or influence. The court issued a far-reaching decision. The theory has far-reaching implications for the future of the planet.
28
when all factors are taken into consideration
On balance,
29
To be the reason why something happens
Account for
30
A person who is guilty of a crime or doing something wrong
Culprit
31
Busy lifestyle
Hectic lifestyle
32
The state of being in prison, or the time someone spends there, حبس
Imprisonment
33
Tourists
Holidaymakers
34
Danger
Jeopardy
35
Full of activity or energy, lively
Vibrant
36
Likely to do something or suffer from something درمعرض چیزی بودن
Prone to
37
To be the reason why something happens esp bad
Give rise to something
38
Attractive or interesting
Appealing (unappealing)
39
To move to a different place
Relocate to
40
a person who lives in a city, town, cave, etc
City dwellers
41
something that encourages a person to do something:
Incentive Tax incentives have been very effective in encouraging people to save and invest more of their income.
42
تعهدات شغلی
Work commitments
43
Giving solutions
-to remedy the situation -to tackle this issue -one possible solution is for—— to consider —- -authorities can come forward with viable solutions to address the situation effectively
44
prevent (someone or something) from approaching or having an effect. محدود کردن
Keep at bay Prohibitive regulations can be enforced to make sure that the negative aspects are kept at bay. Confine
45
Put into effect
Implement policies
46
concerning; in respect of.
As regards As regards the root causes
47
cause something to happen.
Bring about The irremediable problems brought about by ….
48
Needing or wanting something very much
Desperate
49
To accept a difficult or unpleasant responsibility
Shoulder the responsibility/ cost / burden
50
ایجاد حس بهتری از سلامتی
Develop a greater sense of well being
51
self-analysis
Introspection
52
Positive development
Beneficial, advantageous
53
To have an extremely strong desire for something تمایل زیاد داشتن
Crave Ex. To crave attention As does everyone else, they crave dignity, respect, and a sense that their labor is valuable.
54
A promise to do something or to behave in a part way.
Commitment
55
صرفنطر از
Irrespective of something: regardless of .. They sought to support family carers irrespective of their ethnic background.
56
to form an opinion or guess that something is true because of the information that you have:
Infer What do you infer from her refusal? [ + that ] I inferred from her expression that she wanted to leave.
57
Some people say that
There is an opinion asserting that
58
A lot can be understood
A lot can be inferred
59
It can give us ideas about
It can provide us with insights into
60
Visitors, tourists
Holidaymakers
61
Evidence
Suggests that
62
More and more
A growing number of
63
More than ever
More than any other time in the history of mankind
64
Regardless of
Irrespective of
65
Encourage or promote the growth of something
To foster It fosters a rich exchange of ideas.
66
Fall in the value of a company
Dilution A dilution of standards Dilution of educational quality
67
To limit the ability of sb to do sth, to limit the development of sth
Hinder A poor diet can hinder mental growth.
68
Accept parts of both things in order to satisfy some of the demands of both sides in an argument. توارن برقرار کردن
To strike a balance between sth and sth It is essential to strike a balance between providing equal opportunities and maintaining academic standards.
69
To satisfy a need or to provide what is needed by a particular person
Cater to sb/sth To cater to diverse academic abilities and career aspirations
70
Money and possessions, for producing more wealth سرمایه
Capital
71
اثرات مثبت سرریز
Positive spillover effects
72
استثمار
Exploitation
73
Labor in MNCs
Paying low wages Disregarding labor rights Exploiting cheap labor
74
مقررات کار ضعیف
Weak labor regulations
75
Negative environmental consequences
Deforestation, pollution, depletion of natural resources,
76
چهارچوب قانونی
Regulatory frameworks
77
Strong and unlikely to break
Robust Robust regulations Enforceable labor and environmental standards
78
به حداقل رساندن
Minimize Maximize
79
تا بدرخشن
To excel in sth
80
پرورش تخصص
Cultivate expertise
81
To make something less harmful
Mitigate To mitigate the effects of climate change
82
Decrease pollution-related health issues
Preserve natural resources
83
تنوع بخشیدن
Diversifying
84
زخایر محدود سوخت فسیلی
Finite fossil fuel reserves
85
هزینه بر
Costly
86
Challenges
Pose challenges Pose potential economic challenges
87
Transition
Shift
88
Make something happen sooner or faster
Accelerate They use special chemicals to accelerate the growth of corps
89
Honesty
Sincerity Integrity
90
Existing for a long time
Enduring Stable
91
The act of hiding the truth
Deception He was found guilty of obtaining money by deception.
92
To show sth that was hidden
Disclose Allowing individuals to disclose information voluntarily and at their own pace can preserve trust and autonomy.
93
Widening the gap
Bridging the gap
94
The strength of relationships and the sense of solidarity among the members of a community
Social cohesion
95
Attention
Sustain attention/ retain attention Capture attention Concentrate
96
Prevent
Inhibit
97
May seem
May appear
98
پاسخگو باشن
Hold accountable They serve as a tool to hold educational institutions accountable for student achievement
99
A level of quality that can be used as a standard when comparing other things
Benchmark Standardized tests provide a benchmark for students’ readiness to pursue higher education or enter the workforce.
100
به قیمت چیزی تمام شدن
It should not come at the expense of….
101
Efforts
Should be made to reduce excessive test-related stress and promote a supportive learning environment.
102
Student individualized instruction
Student personalized instruction Prioritizing student well-being and individualized instruction
103
Fair
Equitable Can lead to a more comprehensive and equitable educational system
104
Complaint
Grievance
105
Justice
Equity Social justice Democracy Democratic societies
106
Earn a living
Earn a livelihood
107
The chance that sth will happen
The latest dispute greatly increases the likelihood of a strike. Passion-driven careers are often associated with enthusiasm, and a higher likelihood of success
108
Energy and determination to achieve things
Due to the inherent drive and dedication that comes with perusing something one truly loves.

IELTS (2 decks)

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