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Anatomy Week #8-11 > Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Do you have more radial or ulnar deviation? Why?

A
  • ulnar deviation

- ulna doesn’t articulate with carpals, thus has more movement at the wrist

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2
Q

What covers the distal tendons of FDS and FDP? What is the composition of the covering? What is its purpose?

A
  • synovial tendon sheaths
  • bilayered covering: synovial membrane and fibrous covering
  • provide stability and prevent friction
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3
Q

What prevents bowstringing in the hands?

A

-digital tendon sheaths are reinforced by annular ligaments (5) and cruciforma ligaments

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4
Q

Where does the carpal tunnel or flexor retinaculum or transverse carpal ligament run?

A

proximally from the pisiform to scaphoid and distally from the the hook of hamate to trapezium

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5
Q

What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?

A
  • flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus (with common synovial tendon sheath)
  • flexor pollicis longus
  • flexor carpi radialis in its separate compartment
  • median nerve
  • ulnar N & A covered by the palmar carpal ligament
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6
Q

What two muscles of the hand are not in the carpal tunnel?

A
  • palmaris longus

- flexor carpi ulnaris

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7
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome? Why is it more common in women?

A
  • compression of median nerve when carpal tunnel tendons become inflamed
  • b/c we have smaller carpal tunnels and jobs that aggravate it
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8
Q

What muscles are in the thenar eminence of the hand? What are they all innervated by? What muscles is intrinsic, attaches to the thumb, but is not part of the thenar eminence?

A
  • abductor pollicis brevis
  • flexor pollicis brevis
  • opponens pollicis
  • median recurrent N
  • adductor pollicis
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9
Q

What muscles are in the hypothenar eminence of the hand What are they all innervated by? What muscle is intrinsic, attaches to the pinky, but is not part of the hypothenar eminence?

A
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • flexor digiti minimi
  • opponens digiti minimi
  • deep ulnar N
  • palmaris brevis
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10
Q

Why don’t the lumbricals abduct/adduct anything?

A

-they do not have an anchoring muscle attaching the flexor digitorum profundus tendon to the bone

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11
Q

What blood supply does the ulnar A give to the hand?

A

-forms superficial palmar arch, branches to common palmar digital arteries and split at MCPs to become palmar digital arteries

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12
Q

What blood supply does the radial A give to the hand? What nerve does it run with?

A
  • wraps around dorsal thumb and gives off a dorsal carpal artery in the dorsum
  • forms deep palmar arch when it comes back to palmar side
  • palmar metacarpal artery branches come off deep palmar arch
  • dorsal metacarpal artery branches come off deep palmar arch and go to dorsum

-runs w/ deep ulnar N

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13
Q

What anastomoses make up the superficial palmar arch, deep palmar arch, and palmar digital artery?

A
  • ulnar A forms superficial palmar arch that anastomoses w/ superifical radial branch from radial A
  • radial A forms deep palmar arch that anastomoses w/ deep ulnar branch from ulnar A
  • radial artery help supply palmar digital artery for the index finger
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14
Q

What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint? What movement does it have? What are the articulations w/i it?

A
  • synovial, condyloid joint
  • biplanar movemet
  • radius and triangular fibrocartilage disc articulate w/ scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum
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15
Q

What are the ligaments that support the wrist? Where do they run? What do they limit?

A
  • radial carpal collateral: from radius styloid process to scaphoid and trapezium; limits ulnar deviation
  • ulnar carpal collateral: from ulnar styloid process to triquetrum and pisiform; limits radial deviation
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16
Q

What is the shape of the surface of the radius and triangular articular fibrocartilage? What is the purpose of the triangular articular fibrocartilage?

A
  • both are convex
  • triangular articular fibrocartilage extends the articular surface of the radius, provides flexible/strong connection for the joint, and contributes to stability of joint by allowing some weight to be transferred to the ulna in a FOOSh
17
Q

Where does the dorsal radiocarpal ligament run? What does it limit?

A

from the dorsal radius to the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum
-limits wrist flexion

18
Q

Where does the palmar radiocarpal ligament run? What does it limit?

A
  • styloid process of radius to the capitate, lunate, scaphoid
  • limits extension and ulnar deviation
19
Q

Where does the palmar ulnocarpal ligament runs? What does it limit?

A
  • from the styloid process of ulna to the lunate and triquetrum
  • limits extension and radial deviation
20
Q

Where is the midcarpal joint? Intercarpal joint? What type of joints are they? What movements do they have?

A
  • midcarpal: b/w proximal and distal row of carpals
  • intercarpal: b/w carpal bones
  • synovial, plane joints w/ nonplanar movement
21
Q

What are the dorsal intercarpal ligaments’ function? Where do they run? What the palmar intercarpal ligaments’ function? Where do they run?

A
  • dorsal intercarpal: run b/w carpal bones and reinforce capsular
  • palmar intercarpal: deep to the carpal tunne and reinforce capsular
22
Q

What ligaments are in the radiocarpal joint?

A
  • radial carpal collateral
  • ulnar carpal collateral
  • dorsal radiocarpal
  • palmar radiocarpal
  • palmar ulnocarpal
23
Q

What ligaments support the mid/intercarpal joints?

A
  • dorsal intercarpal

- palmar intercarpal

24
Q

Where are the carpometacarpal joints (2-5) located? What type of joints are they and what movement do they have? What ligaments do they contain?

A
  • based of metacarpals w/ distal row of carpal bones
  • synovial, plane joints
  • nonplanar movement
  • dorsal/palmar carpometacarpal and dorsal metacarpal ligaments to reinforce the joint capsule
25
Q

What type of joint is the 1st carpometacarpal joint? What makes up the joint?

A
  • trapezium to 1st metacarpal

- saddle joint w/ biplanar movement

26
Q

What type of joint are the metacarpal phalangeal joints? What ligaments support this joint?

A
  • condyloid w/ biplanar movement
  • collateral ligaments
  • MCP palmar ligaments
  • transverse metacarpal ligaments
27
Q

What do the collateral ligaments (triangular in shape) limit in the MCP joints?

A

-limit flexion

28
Q

What are the MCP palmar ligaments made of? What sits on top of them?

A
  • fibrocartilage and flexor tendons sit on top
  • limits hyperextension and prevents impingement of the flexor tendons during flexion by moving more proximally to keep the tendons sitting on top of them from getting pinched in the crease
29
Q

Where do the transverse MC ligaments run and what do they prevent?

A
  • binds MC heads

- prevents separation of MCs

30
Q

What type of joint is the interphalangeal joints? What ligaments support this joint?

A
  • hinge, w/ uniplanar movement

- collateral and palmar ligaments

31
Q

What borders the anatomical snuffbox? What does it contain?

A
  • between the abductor pollicis long/extensor pollicis brevis and the extensor pollicis longus
  • contains the radial A
32
Q

What artery does the median nerve run with in the upper arm? in lower arm?

A
  • axillary/brachial A

- nothing

Anatomy Week #8-11 (5 decks)

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