Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Orthopaedics > Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What is trigger finger (in general terms)?

A

stenosing tenosynovitis which causes pain and difficulty moving a finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the pathophysiology of trigger finger?

A

Thickening of the flexor tendon sheaths of the fingers - if thickens enough there will be a nodule of the tendon. As the finger is extended from a flexed position, the tendon nodule can get stuck at the entrance to the A1 pulley. This causes the finger to lock or get stuck in the bent position. It may release suddenly with a painful pop or click.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the most commonly affected area for trigger finger?

A

first annular pulley (A1) at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does trigger finger present?

A 
middle aged woman
Painful and tender on MCP palmar side
Not smooth movement
Pops
Stuck in flexed position
Worst in the morning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is trigger finger mx?

A 
Rest
splint
analgesia
steroid injection
surgery if bad to release A1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a ganglion cyst?

A

Sacs of synovial fluid that originate from herniation in the synovial membranes in tendon sheaths (synovial fluid collects there)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do ganglion cysts present?

A

Can be rpaid or gradual
Non-painful
palpable lump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How are ganglion cysts mx?

A

Conservatively

Can have needle aspiration or surgical excision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Dupuytrens contracture?

A

Plamar fascia of the hand thickens to cause a shortening which restricts finger movement - tightened into flexed position and are unable to extend

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the RF for dupuytrens contracture?

A 
Fhx
Alcohol
smoking
Age
Male
Vibration tools
DM
Epilpesy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the presentation of dupuytrens contracture?

A

Hard nodules along the finger and palm which become thicker over time until you
Can’t straighten finger (table top test)
Not painful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What finger is most commonly affected by Dupuytrens contracture?

A

Ring finger!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the mx of Dupuytrens?

A

conservative or Surgery!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is the carpal tunnel located anatomically?

A

between the flexor retinaculum (fibrous band) and the carpal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The palmar digital cutaneous branch of the median nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome. What is its sensory innervation?

A

Thumb
Index and middle finger
The lateral half of ring finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the motor innervation of the median nerve?

A

Thenar muscles: Abductor pollicis brevis (thumb abduction)
Opponens pollicis (thumb opposition – reaching across the palm to touch the tips of the fingers)
Flexor pollicis brevis (thumb flexion)

17
Q

What are RF for carpal tunnel syndrome?

A 
Repetitive strain
Obesity
Perimenopause
Rheumatoid arthritis
Diabetes
Acromegaly
Hypothyroidism
18
Q

How does carpal tunnel syndrome present?

A

Weakness of thumb movements
Weakness of grip strength
Difficulty with fine movements involving the thumb
Wasting of the thenar muscles (muscle atrophy)
Sensory sx worse at night that improves with shaking hand
Positive Phalens/ Tinnels

19
Q

What are the ix for carpal tunnel?

A

Nerve conduction study shows reduced potentials in motor and sesnsory

20
Q

What is the mx for carpal tunnel?

A

Rest and altered activities
Wrist splints that maintain a neutral position of the wrist can be worn at night (for a minimum of 4 weeks)
Steroid injections
Surgery

21
Q

What is DeQuevarian’s tenosynovitis?

A

Inflammation of the tendon sheath covering Abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendon and
Extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) tendon

22
Q

What is a big RF for DeQuervain’s Tenosynovitis?

A

One notable cause of bilateral De Quervain’s tenosynovitis is in new parents repetitively lifting newborn babies in a way that stresses the tendons of the thumb

23
Q

What does abductor pollicus longus do? What does extensor pollicis brevis do?

A

Abduct thumb and wrist for both!!

24
Q

How does DeQuervians tendosynovitis present?

A

Sensory sx/ weakness in radial aspect of the wrist near the base of the thumb
Positive Finkelstein’s test

25
Q

Mx of DeQuervains tenosynovitis?

A 
Rest
Splint
NSAIDs
PT
Steroid injections
surgery

Orthopaedics (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions