Wounds Flashcards
What is permanent infirmity
Loss of functioning organ, or loss of function in this organ.
What is Medicolegal classification of wounds
- Abrasions. (Scratches)
- Contusions. (Bruises)
- Incised (cut) wounds.
- Contused (lacerated) wounds.
- Stab wounds.
- Firearm wounds.
What is Abrasions
Destruction of superficial layers of skin (epidermis or upper dermis) due to pressure or friction with blunt object.
-ooze serum dries > form SCAP (crust) and heal with NO SCAR.
MLI of Abrasions
1-Resistance or struggle on victim or assailant e.g. Rape and murder.
2-SITE: •smothering.•throttling. •around (wrist, thighs and mouth) > REAPE.
3-SHAPE. (next card)
4-AGE (next card)
5-Antemortem vs postmortem.
6-Differ between cut and CONTUSED wounds.
Legal classification of wounds
- Simple: heal 20 days without permanent infirmity
- Dangerous: heal >20 days and /or leave permanent infirmity.
- Fatal (mortal) wound: lead to death.
Age of abrasions (from healing)
- 2days > soft scab.
- after 3days > dry scab.
- after 1week > scab falls + red area.
- after 2-3weeks > red area disappear.
What is Contusion and MLI of it
Extravasation of blood in tissues due to rupture of b.v. Caused by BLUNT object.
MLI:
-denote resistant or struggle.
-site of trauma (BUT may gravitate down e.g. Blow in scalp > eyelids and blow in calf > ankle).
-Shape of causal object.
-Types: superficial or DEEP [appear 2 days later].
-Age of bruises from the color.
-Differ Cut from Contused wounds.
Age of Bruising رانية بنت جميلة اوي
From color change caused by disintegration of Hb:
- 1st 2 days: Red (oxy Hb)
- After 2-3 days: Blue (reduced Hb)
- After 2-3 days: Green (biliverdin)
- After 2-3 days: Yellow (bilirubin)
- Then FADES in 2-3 weeks.
** color changes from PERIPHERY to the CENTER.
Shape of bruises
- 2 curved rows in: Human bite.
- 2 parallel rows in: Animal bite.
- Elongated (tramline or railway) in: stick injury.
- Curved around the body by: a Whip.
- Pinch: 2 identical small rounded bruises.
- Hand slaps: multiple parallel linear bruises.
How to differentiate between INCISED and Contused wounds
Cut wounds: 1-drawing SHARP object. 2-REGULAR clean edge EXCEPT: -irregular object (broken glass). -corrugated skin (neck, axilla, wrist and scrotum. 3-gaping and NO bridges. 4-NO abrasions or bruises. 5-hair SHARPLY cut. 6-free ext. BLEEDING. 7-LESS sepsis. (Minimal tissue destruction) 8-RAPID healing with Thin Scar. 9-More LONG than deep.
How to differentiate between incised and CONTUSED wounds
1-Heavy BLUNT object. 2-IRREGULAR lacerated edge EXCEPT in (area of stretched skin over a bone e.g. SCALP and Shin of tibia. 3-Bridges across the edge and NO gaping. 4-Abrasions and Bruises. 5-CRUSHED hair cut. 6-LESS Bleeding. 7-MORE Sepsis. 8-DELAYED healing with THICK scar.
Age of Cut wounds (by 1ry union) رانية ببو وحشة
- 12 hours: Red and Swollen edge.
- 2 days: growth of new vessels.
- 5 days: vessels start to obliterate.
- 10 days: healing (by 1ry intention)
- 3 weeks: formation of Red scar.
- 3 months: scar become BROWN.
- 6 months: pale WHITISH scar.
Definition of Stab wounds
•FORCING a SHARP-POINTED object into the body (knife and dagger).
Characteristics of Stab wounds
- CLEAN cut edge.
- More DEEP than long.
- very dangerous due to internal injuries.
MLI of Stab wounds
Shape of the CAUSAL object: •cross section -1 acute angle as knife > triangular shape. -2 acute angle as dagger > fusiform shape. •length = Breadth but maybe: -Smaller > tissue retraction. -longer > withdrawal of object. -equal > presence of HANDLE abrasion.
