Wounds Flashcards
Standard Precautions for
Blood Borne Pathogens
treating ALL body fluids and
nonintact skin and mucous
membranes as though they are
infected
Hand Hygiene and Personal
Protective Equipment
Used with:
– any body fluid except sweat
– Non intact skin (yours or the patient’s)
– Mucus membranes
2002 CDC Hand Washing
Guidelines
wash hands with either a nonantimicrobial or an antimicrobial soap and water for20 seconds OR alcohol-based hand rub for routinely decontaminating hands in all other clinical situations
When to wash your hands
• After touching blood, body fluids or substances, nonintact skin or mucous membranes • After possible contact with patient with Clostridium Difficile
PPE Can Include
• Gloves • Gowns • Lab coats • Face shields • Masks • Eye protection • Resuscitation bags • Pocket masks
Blood Borne Pathogens
and Body Fluids
BBP including HIV are NOT transmitted through saliva, tears, sputum, nasal secretions, vomit, urine or feces unless they contain visible blood
Beyond Standard Precautions
In addition to Standard Precautions, you must use Transmission Precautions to protect against diseases which are transmitted through the air, through droplets, or by contact
Three Categories of
Transmission Precautions
- Airborne
- Droplet
- Contact
Airborne
• Infections spread through the air in small particles (<5 microns), can attach to dust • May stay in the air a long time • May travel long distances on air currents
Airborne Diseases include
• Tuberculosis • Varicella (chicken pox) • Shingles • Legionella • Measles • SARS • Bird Flu • Smallpox • Plague
Airborne Precautions
- Mask is used for Droplet Borne Disease
- A Respirator is used for Airborne Disease\
- Keep the patient’s door closed
- If the patient must leave the room,
the patient must wear a mask (not a
respirator)
Droplet Borne Diseases
Larger particles (>5 microns)
which can be propelled up to 3
feet when an infected person
coughs, sneezes, talks, sings, etc
Kinds of Droplet Borne Diseases
• Covid-19 • Meningitis • Pneumonias • Rhinovirus (colds) • Influenzas (flu) • Rubella (German measles) • Diptheria • Pertussis (whooping cough) • Strep (throat & scarlet fever) • Mumps • Streptoccal invasive disease
Droplet Precautions
• Don gloves • Don a mask upon entering the patient’s room if you’ll be within 3-6 feet • Remove PPE before leaving the room • CDC makes no recommendation for routinely wearing eye protection
Contact Transmission
Germs spread by direct contact,
usually hands
